本文關鍵詞： 可移動式救生艙 結構設計 爆炸沖擊 動態(tài)響應 熱防護　出處：《太原理工大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：瓦斯爆炸是引發(fā)煤礦重特大事故的主要因素,其瞬間破壞力巨大、易發(fā)生二次爆炸,導致人員傷亡嚴重。使用緊急避險系統(tǒng)可以增加井下遇險人員的生存機會,提高礦難救援工作的效率。礦用可移動式救生艙具有移動性強、啟動時間短、安裝簡單的特點,成為井下避險的重要裝備。本文首先對礦用可移動式救生艙進行結構設計,研究了其在爆炸沖擊載荷作用下的動態(tài)響應,并分析了爆炸沖擊及高溫沖擊與救生艙的耦合作用,為救生艙的結構改進和安全使用提供科學依據。(1)根據《煤礦可移動式救生艙通用技術條件》的設計要求,對救生艙艙體結構設計進行了理論分析,并結合井下生產的具體特點,確定艙體結構形式和尺寸設計,同時利用三維建模軟件UG NX8.0,概念化設計了救生艙幾何模型。(2)利用ANSYS Workbench中的Explicit dynamics模塊和AUTODYN顯式動力學分析軟件,建立了流-固耦合仿真平臺;運用TNT當量法,以TNT代替瓦斯,對設有救生艙的巷道中瓦斯爆炸沖擊波傳播過程進行了數值模擬;并分析了救生艙在超壓載荷作用下的整體動力學響應過程。在巷道爆炸仿真中對78.24 kg、68.377 kg和61.36 kg三種TNT炸藥量下的超壓曲線進行了對比分析,并最終選用68.377 kg TNT藥量下救生艙各表面的爆炸沖擊波超壓曲線作為載荷施加條件。(3)將上述流固耦合模擬得到的真實爆炸沖擊載荷曲線分別加載到救生艙艙體不同的面,分析了救生艙結構在爆炸載荷作用下產生的應力及變形,根據屈服準則給出了等效應力、等效塑性應變的時程曲線、變形分布云圖,確定了最大應力與最大變形的位置,依據判定準則評判了艙體結構是否受到破壞,校驗了本文所設計的救生艙在爆炸載荷作用下的安全性和可靠性。結果表明,救生艙整體變形量最大為11.145 mm,符合安全準則中對救生艙板殼最大變形撓度和變形量不超過2%或20 mm的的數值范圍;救生艙前門系統(tǒng)、后門系統(tǒng)、法蘭、外蒙皮最大應力均小于所選材料的屈服強度,骨架雖然可能存在導致局部屈服的應力集中問題,但并不會影響救生艙的整體安全性能。(4)根據《煤礦可移動式硬體救生艙通用技術條件》的規(guī)范要求,對所設計的礦用可移動式救生艙分別在持續(xù)高溫和瞬時高溫兩種環(huán)境下的熱防護性能進行了數值模擬分析,利用ANSYS Workbench中的Transient Thermal模塊與Static Structural模塊耦合,得到該艙體結構的溫度場分布云圖、溫度變化曲線、熱應力以及熱變形數據。結果表明,艙體在持續(xù)高溫熱載下,內部的最大等效熱應力為243.36MPa,而在瞬時高溫熱載下,艙體內部產生的最大等效應力為262.14MPa,均低于材料的屈服強度345 MPa。艙體在持續(xù)高溫下,整體產生的最大熱變形為0.556 mm,瞬時高溫下,整體產生的最大變形為0.6496 mm,變形量均較小,不足導致艙體變形過大而發(fā)生破壞。
[Abstract]:The gas explosion is the main factor that causes the coal mine serious accident, its instantaneous destructive power is huge, easy to happen the second explosion, causes the person to be injured seriously, the use of the emergency shelter system may increase the underground distress person's survival opportunity, In order to improve the efficiency of mine rescue work, the movable lifebuoy in mine has the characteristics of strong mobility, short start-up time and simple installation, so it becomes an important equipment for avoiding risks underground. This paper first designs the structure of movable lifebuoy in mine. In this paper, the dynamic response to explosion shock load is studied, and the coupling effect between explosion shock and high temperature shock and lifebuoy is analyzed. This paper provides a scientific basis for the structural improvement and safe use of the lifebuoy. 1) according to the design requirements of the general technical conditions of movable lifebuoys in coal mines, the structural design of the lifebuoys is theoretically analyzed and combined with the specific characteristics of underground production. The structural form and dimension design of the cabin are determined. At the same time, using the 3D modeling software UG NX8.0 and conceptualizing the geometric model of the lifebuoy, a simulation platform of fluid-solid coupling is established by using the Explicit dynamics module in ANSYS Workbench and the explicit dynamic analysis software of AUTODYN. By using TNT equivalent method and TNT instead of gas, the propagation process of gas explosion shock wave in roadway with lifebuoy is simulated numerically. The whole dynamic response process of lifebuoy under overpressure load is analyzed. In the simulation of tunnel explosion, the overpressure curves of 78.24 kg / 68.377kg and 61.36kg / kg TNT explosives are compared and analyzed. Finally, the explosion shock wave overpressure curve of each surface of the lifebuoy cabin under 68.377 kg TNT charge is selected as the load application condition. (3) the real explosion shock load curve obtained by the fluid-solid coupling simulation is loaded into different surfaces of the lifebuoy cabin respectively. The stress and deformation of the lifebuoy structure under explosive loading are analyzed. According to the yield criterion, the time history curves of equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain and the cloud diagram of deformation distribution are given, and the position of maximum stress and maximum deformation is determined. According to the criterion of judging whether the cabin structure is damaged or not, the safety and reliability of the lifebuoy designed in this paper under the action of explosion load are verified. The maximum overall deformation of the lifebuoy is 11.145mm, which conforms to the maximum deformation deflection and deformation of the shell of the lifebuoy not exceeding 2% or 20mm in accordance with the safety criteria; the front door system, rear door system, flange, The maximum stress of the outer skin is less than the yield strength of the selected material. Although the skeleton may have the problem of stress concentration which leads to local yield, However, it will not affect the overall safety performance of the lifebuoy. 4) in accordance with the requirements of the General Technical conditions for Mobile rigid lifebuoys in Coal Mines, In this paper, the thermal protection performance of the mine movable lifebuoy is simulated and analyzed under the two environments of continuous high temperature and instantaneous high temperature respectively. The Transient Thermal module in ANSYS Workbench is coupled with the Static Structural module. The data of temperature field distribution, temperature change curve, thermal stress and thermal deformation of the cabin structure are obtained. The results show that the maximum equivalent thermal stress of the cabin is 243.36 MPA under continuous high temperature hot load, and the maximum equivalent thermal stress is 243.36 MPA under instantaneous high temperature hot load. The maximum equivalent stress generated in the cabin is 262.14 MPA, which is lower than the yield strength of the material 345 MPA. Under the continuous high temperature, the maximum thermal deformation of the whole is 0.556 mm, and the maximum deformation of the whole is 0.6496 mm at the instantaneous high temperature. Deficiency causes the cabin to be deformed and destroyed.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD774

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