本文關(guān)鍵詞： 地質(zhì)勘查 危險(xiǎn)源 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià) 指標(biāo) 分級(jí) 管理 對(duì)策　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前，我國(guó)正處在經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)、健康、快速發(fā)展時(shí)期，對(duì)于礦產(chǎn)資源的需求量逐年加大，，礦產(chǎn)勘查投人連創(chuàng)新高，勘查經(jīng)費(fèi)快速增長(zhǎng)，加速增長(zhǎng)的營(yíng)業(yè)利潤(rùn)和健康發(fā)展的地礦經(jīng)濟(jì)將礦產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)和地勘工作帶出低谷。作為基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)和基礎(chǔ)工作的地質(zhì)勘察是國(guó)家建設(shè)經(jīng)濟(jì)、發(fā)展國(guó)防和基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)不可或缺的。地質(zhì)勘查施工是一個(gè)多工種、多工序互相協(xié)作配合的系統(tǒng)工程，勘查施工項(xiàng)目多在人煙稀少、高海拔、交通通信不便、地理和氣象條件復(fù)雜的地區(qū)，具有作業(yè)分散、點(diǎn)多線長(zhǎng)、高度流動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)，安全管理難度大，加之多年來(lái)地勘單位對(duì)勘查施工項(xiàng)目始終采用較為單一的粗放型安全管理模式，施工過(guò)程中潛在的不安全因素較多，如不加強(qiáng)防范管控，隨之而來(lái)的各類(lèi)事故和傷害事件在損害職工生命安全的同時(shí)也會(huì)導(dǎo)致國(guó)家財(cái)產(chǎn)蒙受損失。 為幫助地勘單位改進(jìn)項(xiàng)目安全管理模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)管理，同時(shí)為提高安全管理效率提供科學(xué)的方法和手段，本文首先介紹了地質(zhì)勘查項(xiàng)目施工的基本程序和分項(xiàng)工程，以事故致因理論為基礎(chǔ)從人的不安全行為、物的不安全狀態(tài)、不良的環(huán)境條件和管理缺陷四個(gè)方面對(duì)地質(zhì)勘查施工項(xiàng)目存在的危險(xiǎn)源進(jìn)行了辨識(shí)分析，結(jié)合施工特點(diǎn)對(duì)地質(zhì)勘查項(xiàng)目施工中的物體擊打、車(chē)輛事故、機(jī)器傷害、起重?fù)p害、電擊、溺亡、火患、高處掉落、中毒和窒息等9種事故的規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究，然后根據(jù)安全系統(tǒng)工程理論從人、技、物、環(huán)、管五個(gè)方面對(duì)地質(zhì)勘查綜合安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了提煉，確定了26個(gè)綜合安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)，利用層次分析法并通過(guò)專(zhuān)家咨詢(xún)、收集資料和實(shí)際調(diào)研確定了各綜合安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重，建立了安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)模型，最后根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)模型制訂了地質(zhì)勘查項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)分表，劃分了安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)，并結(jié)合工程實(shí)際應(yīng)用評(píng)估結(jié)果從安全工程技術(shù)、安全教育和安全管理三個(gè)方面制訂了對(duì)策措施。 本文的研究成果對(duì)把握地質(zhì)勘查安全事故規(guī)律，改進(jìn)安全管理模式，提高安全管控質(zhì)量，維護(hù)職工安全健康，幫助減少事故發(fā)生有著積極作用，為地質(zhì)勘查綜合安全分析和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)管理奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in a period of sustained, healthy and rapid economic development. The demand for mineral resources is increasing year by year. Accelerated growth of operating profits and healthy development of the geological and mineral economy will bring the mineral market and geological prospecting work out of the valley. As a basic industry and basic work geological survey is the national construction economy. Development of national defense and infrastructure is indispensable. Geological exploration and construction is a multi-work, multi-process cooperation with each other in the system engineering, exploration and construction projects are sparsely populated, high altitude, transportation and communication inconvenience. Areas with complex geographical and meteorological conditions are characterized by scattered operations, long points and lines, high mobility, and difficult safety management. In addition, for many years, geological prospecting units have always adopted a single extensive safety management model for exploration and construction projects, and there are many potential unsafe factors in the construction process, such as not strengthening prevention and control. All kinds of accidents and injuries that follow will damage the life and safety of workers and also lead to the loss of state property. In order to help geological prospecting units to improve the project safety management model, to achieve risk classification management, and to improve the efficiency of safety management to provide scientific methods and means. This paper first introduces the basic procedures and sub-projects of geological exploration project construction, based on the theory of accident causes, from the unsafe behavior of human beings and the unsafe state of objects. Bad environmental conditions and management defects in four aspects of geological exploration construction projects to identify and analyze the risk sources, combined with the construction characteristics of the geological exploration projects in the construction of objects hit, vehicle accidents. Nine kinds of accidents, such as machine injury, lifting damage, electric shock, drowning, fire, falling from high place, poisoning and asphyxiation, were studied, and then according to the theory of safety system engineering, people, techniques, objects and rings were studied. The comprehensive safety evaluation index of geological exploration is refined from five aspects, 26 comprehensive safety evaluation indexes are determined, and the AHP method is used to consult with experts. The weight of each comprehensive safety evaluation index is determined by collecting data and actual investigation, and the safety risk assessment model is established. Finally, the risk scoring table of geological exploration project is established according to the risk evaluation model. The safety risk grade is classified, and the countermeasures are made from three aspects: safety engineering technology, safety education and safety management. The research results of this paper play a positive role in grasping the law of geological exploration safety accidents, improving the safety management mode, improving the quality of safety control, maintaining the safety and health of staff and workers, and helping to reduce the occurrence of accidents. It lays a theoretical foundation for comprehensive safety analysis and risk classification management of geological exploration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P624.8

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