本文關(guān)鍵詞： 熱催化 光催化 Au/ZrO_2 Au/ZrO_2-TiO_2 YS-ZrO_2/TiO_2復(fù)合材料 Pt/ZrO_2/TiO_2　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)今,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,人們的生活水平逐漸提高,對(duì)自身的健康越來(lái)越關(guān)注。呼吸是人類(lèi)生存的必須反應(yīng)之一,因此越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)注空氣的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。可是,現(xiàn)如今,由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展和人為的破壞,空氣的質(zhì)量每況愈下,因此如何有效的治理空氣凈化空氣,尤其是人們長(zhǎng)期生存的室內(nèi)空氣,已經(jīng)成為了現(xiàn)代人逐漸關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。以TiO_2為代表的半導(dǎo)體光催化劑作為有效的治理不同類(lèi)型的污染物漸漸得到人們的關(guān)注,它無(wú)毒無(wú)污染廉價(jià)可有效利用太陽(yáng)光,但是它也有一些缺點(diǎn),如太陽(yáng)光利用率低,不能有效的捕獲和降解低濃度流動(dòng)的污染氣,因此,研究人員提出通過(guò)多技術(shù)手段即將光催化與其他治理技術(shù)相結(jié)合,從而彌補(bǔ)和發(fā)揮各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。其中,吸附光催化研究的較為廣泛,但是吸附劑在吸附的過(guò)程中僅僅起到吸附的作用,不能在吸附的同時(shí)達(dá)到降解的目的,因此這種催化劑在無(wú)光的時(shí)候僅僅依靠吸附劑的物理吸附作用,很容易達(dá)到吸附飽和進(jìn)而脫附并造成環(huán)境的二次污染。熱催化氧化技術(shù)近年來(lái)在低溫?zé)o光催化氧化氣HCHO,CO上已經(jīng)得到了越來(lái)越多的研究,主要是由于其反應(yīng)可以滿(mǎn)足室內(nèi)的環(huán)境的要求并能夠達(dá)到去除污染物的目的。因此我們提出將熱催化技術(shù)與光催化技術(shù)相結(jié)合,有光的條件下,實(shí)現(xiàn)光催化,無(wú)光的條件下進(jìn)行熱催化,以期可實(shí)現(xiàn)全天候的反應(yīng)。如何選擇熱催化劑,如何有效的將熱催化劑與光催化劑相結(jié)合以及如何在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)HCHO的模擬降解等都是需要研究和解決的問(wèn)題,基于此,我們開(kāi)展了以下幾部分工作。(1)Au基催化劑光熱去除空氣中乙醛的研究先負(fù)載貴金屬Au于不同的氧化物載體上,通過(guò)降解乙醛的研究篩選出ZrO_2為最優(yōu)的熱催化劑載體。通過(guò)調(diào)變制備Au/ZrO_2過(guò)程中溶液的pH以及后期焙燒溫度,發(fā)現(xiàn)pH=10,焙燒溫度為500 0C的Au/ZrO_2對(duì)乙醛的吸附降解效果最佳。通過(guò)XRD,TEM以及粒徑分布統(tǒng)計(jì)等的表征,主要是由于這個(gè)條件下合成的催化劑Au顆粒尺寸較小而使活性較好。最后通過(guò)醇熱法合成TiO_2并與熱催化劑Au/ZrO_2相結(jié)合,發(fā)現(xiàn)這種光熱催化劑可以很好的實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)光條件下的降解和有光時(shí)的光催化。通過(guò)這種光熱催化劑的制備,可以部分解決吸附光催化的缺點(diǎn),具有潛在的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。(2)蛋殼型光催化劑的制備及其去除有機(jī)污染物的研究通過(guò)一步醇熱的方法合成了蛋殼型ZrO_2/TiO_2催化劑,合成步驟簡(jiǎn)單。通過(guò)XRD,FESEM,TEM,XPS等表征手段表明該催化劑結(jié)構(gòu)為蛋殼型結(jié)構(gòu),大小均一。此催化劑表面具有適量的羥基群,可有效捕獲光生空穴并生成羥基自由基,ZrO_2/TiO_2之間形成復(fù)合物,不會(huì)相互覆蓋活性位點(diǎn),并且蛋殼型的催化劑具有大的比表面積即多的活性位點(diǎn)以及對(duì)光的多次反射作用,因此對(duì)有機(jī)物的降解具有良好的作用,具有潛在的室內(nèi)空氣污染物降解的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。(3)光熱催化劑的制備及其降解甲醛性能的研究自主成功搭建了甲醛降解及檢測(cè)一體化的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,通過(guò)國(guó)標(biāo)GB/T18204.2-2014酚試劑分光光度法來(lái)檢測(cè)所降解的甲醛的濃度。通過(guò)對(duì)檢測(cè)降解一體化裝置的調(diào)節(jié),最終控制該裝置可以穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。通過(guò)浸漬還原的方法在蛋殼型催化劑ZrO_2/TiO_2上負(fù)載貴金屬Pt,對(duì)甲醛進(jìn)行降解,發(fā)現(xiàn)該催化劑在室溫的條件下,60 min對(duì)甲醛的降解效率可達(dá)63%。光催化效果不佳,對(duì)該裝置還需要進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)和調(diào)節(jié)。但是本部分工作對(duì)本組降解甲醛的研究奠定了一定的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the development of economy, people's living standard gradually improve, increasingly concerned about their own health. Breathing is one of the must respond to human survival, so more and more people pay attention to air quality problems. However, nowadays, with the development of industry and man-made destruction, air quality deterioration, therefore how to effectively the control of air purifying air, especially indoor air long-term survival of people, modern people gradually concern has become. The semiconductor photocatalyst represented by TiO_2 as the effective governance of different types of pollutants and get the attention of people, it has no pollution to cheap can effectively use the sun, but it also has some disadvantages as the sun, light utilization rate is low, pollution gas, can not effectively capture and degradation of low concentration flow so that the researchers put forward by technical means to photocatalysis Combined with other treatment technology, so as to make up and play their respective advantages. The study of adsorption and photocatalysis are widely used, but the adsorbent in the adsorption process plays the role of adsorption, can not reach the purpose of degradation in the adsorption of the catalyst at the same time, when no light only rely on physical adsorption agent, it is easy to reach the adsorption saturation and desorption of two pollution and caused environment. Thermal catalytic oxidation technology in recent years in the low photocatalytic oxidation of gas HCHO, CO has been more and more research, mainly due to the reaction of the indoor environment can meet the requirements and be able to achieve the removal of contaminants. So we put forward the thermal catalytic technology and photocatalytic technology combined with light conditions, light catalysis, heat catalysis under the conditions of no light, which can realize all day long waiting. How to choose the hot catalyst, how to effectively heat and light catalyst catalyst combination and how to realize the simulation of HCHO degradation in the laboratory are needed to study and solve the problem, based on this, we carried out the following work. (1) Au based catalysts for removal of photothermal acetaldehyde in the air to load your Au in different metal oxides, the degradation of acetaldehyde selected ZrO_2 as the catalyst carrier. The optimal heat by changing the preparation process of pH Au/ZrO_2 solution and subsequent calcination temperature, pH=10, adsorption and degradation effect of Au/ZrO_2 calcination temperature of 500 0C of acetaldehyde best. By XRD, TEM and grain the size distribution of statistical characterization is mainly due to the smaller particle size of Au catalyst under the synthesis conditions make good activity. Finally TiO_2 are synthesized by alcohol thermal method and thermal catalyst Au/ ZrO_2 With this catalyst can be found photothermal photocatalytic degradation under the condition of no light and light well. Through this photo catalyst preparation, adsorption and photocatalysis can partly solve the shortcomings, has a potential application value. (2) eggshell type photocatalyst preparation and removal of organic pollutants by one step method for alcohol thermal eggshell type catalyst ZrO_2/TiO_2 synthesis, synthesis of simple steps. Through the XRD, FESEM, TEM, XPS characterization showed that the catalyst structure for shell type structure, uniform size. The surface of the catalyst with proper hydroxyl group, can effectively capture photogenerated holes and generate hydroxyl radicals, complex formation ZrO_2/TiO_2, do not cover each other active site, the catalyst and the eggshell has large surface area that is the active site and the light reflection effect, so the reduction of organic matter The solution has a good effect, has the application value of indoor air pollutants degradation potential. (3) study on Preparation and properties of thermal degradation of formaldehyde catalyst independent success experiments of formaldehyde degradation and detection integrated, to detect the concentration of formaldehyde degradation by GB GB/T18204.2-2014 phenol reagent spectrophotometric method by adjusting. Detection of degradation of the integrated device, the device can control the final stable operation. Through the method of impregnation loading noble metal Pt in eggshell type catalyst ZrO_2/TiO_2, degradation of formaldehyde, the catalyst was found under the condition of room temperature, the degradation efficiency of 63%. photocatalytic effect of 60 min of formaldehyde on the poor, the device also need further improvement and adjustment. But this has laid the foundation for research of this group of partial degradation of formaldehyde.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU834.8;X51;O643.36

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