本文關(guān)鍵詞： 露天礦 礦井涌水量 數(shù)值模擬 drain模塊 well模塊　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：礦井涌水量是指從礦山開拓到回采過程中,單位時(shí)間內(nèi)流入礦坑(包括井、巷、巷道系統(tǒng))的水量。它是確定礦床水文地質(zhì)類型、礦床水文地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜程度和評價(jià)礦床經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)條件的重要指標(biāo)之一。本文以內(nèi)蒙古某露天煤礦為例,收集研究區(qū)內(nèi)及周邊146個(gè)鉆孔資料,并對研究區(qū)進(jìn)行了三期地下水位統(tǒng)測,全面了解礦區(qū)及周邊地層構(gòu)造及水文地質(zhì)條件。通過所收集資料,運(yùn)用GMS軟件,建立研究區(qū)三維地質(zhì)模型及地下水?dāng)?shù)值模型。并以此為基礎(chǔ),將礦坑疏干排水概化為定流量疏排水及定水頭疏排水兩個(gè)階段,以首采區(qū)及二采區(qū)為例,運(yùn)用Well模塊模擬定流量疏排水階段,Drain模塊模擬定水頭疏排水階段,實(shí)現(xiàn)了礦井涌水量隨時(shí)間變化的連續(xù)動態(tài)模擬�？臻g上則通過對地形變化進(jìn)行合理概化,模擬了首采區(qū)開采完成后二采區(qū)疏排水的動態(tài)過程。利用這種模擬方式不僅可以通過Drain模塊對目標(biāo)水位進(jìn)行較為準(zhǔn)確的控制,同時(shí)也能通過Well模塊表現(xiàn)出逐步疏排水的過程。經(jīng)過模擬,本次研究得到以下成果:(1)模型經(jīng)過識別期、驗(yàn)證期監(jiān)測水位校正,擬合程度較好。通過模型進(jìn)行了研究區(qū)地下水均衡計(jì)算。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明模擬期內(nèi)地下水總補(bǔ)給量179.23萬m3/a,總排泄量203.01萬m3/a,均衡差23.78萬m3/a,為負(fù)均衡。(2)首采區(qū)一年內(nèi)礦井總疏干水量為5211m3/d,定水頭疏排水階段礦井涌水量為2310.97 m3/d。礦井涌水量年內(nèi)變化幅度較小,8月份達(dá)到最大值為2364.96m3/d,11月份為年內(nèi)最小值,為2230.45m3/d。(3)二采區(qū)開采時(shí)因受首采區(qū)疏排水的影響,初始水位較低,因此二采區(qū)1年內(nèi)礦井總疏干水量較首采區(qū)大幅減少,為2647m3/d。礦井涌水量7月份達(dá)到最大值為1902.05m3/d,10月底礦井涌水量為最小值,為1750.72m3/d,年內(nèi)平均礦井涌水量為1817.03 m3/d。與首采區(qū)相比均有所減少。(4)礦井的疏排水對研究區(qū)內(nèi)地下水流場影響巨大。首采區(qū)開采期間采區(qū)周邊潛水含水層地下水位最大下降約14~16m,承壓含水層水位最大下降約50m,形成了巨大的降落漏斗。二采區(qū)初始水位較低,但經(jīng)過疏排水水位仍有明顯下降。
[Abstract]:Mine water inflow refers to the amount of water flowing into the pit (including well, roadway and roadway system) per unit time from mine development to mining process. It is to determine the hydrogeological type of ore deposit. One of the important indexes for evaluating the economic and technological conditions of the deposit is the complexity of the hydrogeological conditions of the deposit. Taking an open pit coal mine in Inner Mongolia as an example, 146 boreholes in and around the study area are collected. Three periods of groundwater level series survey were carried out in the study area, and the geological structure and hydrogeological conditions of the mining area and its surrounding strata were comprehensively understood. Through the collected data, GMS software was used. The 3D geological model and groundwater numerical model of the study area are established, and based on this, the drainage of pit drainage is generalized into two stages: constant discharge drainage and constant head drainage, taking the first mining area and the second mining area as examples. The Well module is used to simulate the constant flow drainage stage and the Drain module to simulate the constant head drainage stage. The continuous dynamic simulation of mine water inflow with time is realized, and the terrain change is reasonably generalized in space. This paper simulates the dynamic process of drainage in the second mining area after the completion of the first mining area, and not only can the target water level be controlled more accurately by using this simulation mode, but also through the Drain module. At the same time through the Well module to show the gradual drainage process. After simulation, this study obtained the following results: 1) the model through the identification period, validation period monitoring water level correction. The results show that the total groundwater recharge is one million seven hundred and ninety-two thousand and three hundred m3 / a and the total discharge is two million thirty thousand and one hundred m3 / a during the simulation period. The balance difference of 237,800 m3 / a, which is negative equilibrium, is 5211m3 / d in the first mining area in one year. At the stage of fixed head drainage and drainage, the mine discharge is 2310.97 m3 / d. The range of mine discharge is small and the maximum value is 2364.96 m3 / d in August. In November, the minimum value was 2230.45 m / 3 / d. 3) the initial water level was lower in the second mining area because of the influence of drainage in the first mining area. As a result, the total drainage capacity of the second mining area in one year is much less than that of the first mining area, which is 2647 m3 / d. In July, the mine water inflow reached the maximum value of 1902.05 m3 / d. At the end of October, the mine discharge was the minimum value, which was 1750.72 m3 / d. The average mine discharge during the year was 1817.03 m3 / d. The drainage of mine has a great influence on the groundwater field in the study area. During the first mining period, the groundwater level of the submersible aquifer around the mining area decreases by about 14 ~ 16m. The maximum water level of the confined aquifer is about 50 m, forming a huge drop funnel. The initial water level of the second mining area is low, but the water level of the secondary mining area still decreases obviously after drainage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD742

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