本文關(guān)鍵詞： 事故隱患 敏感性 企業(yè)安全管理 三維模型 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：事故隱患指違反安全法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)程和管理制度的規(guī)定及要求,或者在系統(tǒng)中存在可能導(dǎo)致事故或?yàn)?zāi)害發(fā)生的物的不安全狀態(tài)、人的不安全行為、環(huán)境的不安全狀態(tài)和管理上的缺陷。事故隱患具備種類繁多,界限不清晰,危險(xiǎn)性大等特點(diǎn)。因此,為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)事故隱患的安全管理,我國(guó)頒布了各類法律法規(guī),制定了各類監(jiān)管方法。本文梳理了國(guó)內(nèi)關(guān)于事故隱患分級(jí)現(xiàn)狀后,對(duì)當(dāng)前事故隱患的分級(jí)現(xiàn)狀提出了問題,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事故隱患分級(jí)模型研究。根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基本理論,提出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)敏感性概念,在事故隱患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)模型的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中加入敏感性因素,將事故隱患分成人、機(jī)、環(huán)、管四大類,建立事故隱患定量分級(jí)模型和定性分級(jí)三維模型。針對(duì)事故隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀態(tài),從可能性、嚴(yán)重性、敏感性三個(gè)維度研究事故隱患發(fā)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),初步確定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。運(yùn)用德爾菲法和問卷調(diào)查法篩選指標(biāo),建立了四類事故隱患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估指標(biāo)體系。使用層次分析法(AHP)計(jì)算各指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,最終設(shè)計(jì)了四類事故隱患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)模型。參考國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有的事故隱患分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),結(jié)合風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可接受準(zhǔn)則,將事故隱患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)劃分為四級(jí),完成基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事故隱患分級(jí)模型研究,同時(shí)便于企業(yè)針對(duì)不同級(jí)別的事故隱患采取不同的排查治理措施。為驗(yàn)證事故隱患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)模型的科學(xué)性和實(shí)用性,本文選取了中油碧辟石油有限公司進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究,采集各類隱患數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。實(shí)證研究表明,本文建立的各類事故風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)模型具有良好的實(shí)用性和便捷性,適用于企業(yè)進(jìn)行事故隱患分級(jí)監(jiān)管工作,能夠系統(tǒng)、便捷地實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)的有效安全管理。
[Abstract]:Accident hazards refer to violations of safety laws, regulations, regulations, standards, rules and regulations and management regulations, or the existence of unsafe conditions in the system that may lead to accidents or disasters. The unsafe behavior of human, the unsafe state of the environment and the defect of management. The hidden trouble of the accident has the characteristics of many kinds, the boundary is not clear, the danger is big. Therefore, in order to strengthen the safety management of the hidden trouble of the accident. China has promulgated all kinds of laws and regulations and formulated various supervision methods. After combing the status quo of the classification of hidden dangers in China, this paper puts forward the current situation of classification of hidden dangers of accidents. According to the basic theory of risk, the concept of risk sensitivity is put forward, and sensitivity factors are added to the design process of the model. The hidden trouble of accident is divided into four categories: adult, machine, ring and management, and the quantitative classification model and the qualitative classification model are established. According to the risk state of the hidden trouble, the possibility and severity are analyzed. The sensitivity of the three dimensions of the risk of potential accidents, the risk assessment indicators were preliminarily determined. Delphi method and questionnaire method were used to screen the indicators. This paper establishes four kinds of risk assessment index system of hidden trouble of accident and calculates the weight of each index by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, four kinds of mathematical models of risk classification of hidden dangers are designed. Referring to the existing domestic standards of classification of hidden dangers, combined with the acceptable risk criteria, the risk classification of hidden dangers is divided into four levels. At the same time, it is convenient for enterprises to take different measures to check and control the hidden dangers of accidents. In order to verify the scientificity and practicability of the risk model of hidden dangers of accidents, the research on the classification model of hidden dangers of accidents based on risk is completed. This paper selects PetroChina Oil Co., Ltd. to carry out empirical research, collect all kinds of hidden danger data for statistical analysis. The empirical study shows that. All kinds of accident risk classification models established in this paper have good practicability and convenience. They are suitable for enterprises to supervise the hidden dangers of accidents, and can realize the effective safety management of enterprises in a systematic and convenient way.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X928

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