本文關(guān)鍵詞：細(xì)水霧幕抑制火災(zāi)煙氣蔓延的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 細(xì)水霧幕 煙氣 光學(xué)密度 溫度 噴霧壓力 霧特性

【摘要】：火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)因煙氣造成的人員傷亡往往是很嚴(yán)重的,因此,防控?zé)煷胧┑暮脡闹苯雨P(guān)系到火場(chǎng)中人員的生命安全。本文對(duì)現(xiàn)有火災(zāi)煙氣控制方法進(jìn)行了總結(jié),發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有的防排煙方法基本集中在通過(guò)自然通風(fēng)或機(jī)械通風(fēng)將煙氣排出火災(zāi)場(chǎng)所,但這些方法往往對(duì)通風(fēng)口位置布置、火場(chǎng)內(nèi)外壓差及通風(fēng)量等有比較高的要求；一些擋煙垂壁或防火門、卷簾等也能夠起到擋煙的作用,但它們或?qū)煔庾钃醯臅r(shí)間有限,或?qū)煔庾钃鹾髲氐椎姆怄i了疏散通道。細(xì)水霧作為哈龍滅火劑的一種清潔高效的替代品越來(lái)越受到人們的青睞,在細(xì)水霧優(yōu)點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展形成的細(xì)水霧幕,能夠很好地彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有防排煙措施存在的不足。 本研究發(fā)明了新型細(xì)水霧幕噴頭,模擬走廊通道搭建了細(xì)水霧幕抑制火災(zāi)煙氣蔓延的實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。在考慮細(xì)水霧幕特性及細(xì)水霧幕的施加本身對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境條件影響的前提下,開展了兩種細(xì)水霧幕噴頭(噴頭Ⅰ與噴頭Ⅱ)在不同噴霧壓力下形成的細(xì)水霧幕抑制煙氣蔓延實(shí)驗(yàn)及增大煙氣生成量時(shí)不同壓力細(xì)水霧幕抑制煙氣蔓延實(shí)驗(yàn)工作。 發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)水霧幕有效地抑制了火災(zāi)煙氣蔓延。施加細(xì)水霧幕可以將煙氣溫度降低75%;細(xì)水霧幕噴頭Ⅱ與噴頭Ⅰ比,可以更好的抑制火災(zāi)煙氣蔓延：細(xì)水霧幕噴頭Ⅱ在2.0MPa噴霧壓力下將煙氣的光學(xué)密度從0.91dB/m降低到0.15dB/m,即,使火場(chǎng)能見度從不到2m提高到8.5m。而細(xì)水霧幕噴頭Ⅰ,則在2.5MPa壓力下才有明顯抑制煙氣蔓延的效果,煙氣的光學(xué)密度可以降低到0.17dB/m,即,能見度為7.5m。在2.0MPa噴霧壓力下噴頭Ⅱ形成的細(xì)水霧幕可以使煙氣通過(guò)幕的時(shí)間出現(xiàn)25s的延遲,而噴頭Ⅰ在2.5MPa噴霧壓力下沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)任何時(shí)間上的延遲�；馂�(zāi)煙氣增大后造成了細(xì)水霧幕抑制火災(zāi)煙氣蔓延的困難,當(dāng)噴霧壓力達(dá)到3.0MPa時(shí)將煙氣阻擋在著火側(cè)。
[Abstract]:When the fire occurs due to smoke caused casualties are very serious, therefore, the prevention and control measures of tobacco is directly related to the staff's life safety. This paper summarizes the existing methods of fire smoke control, smoke control found that the existing methods focus on natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation through the discharge of flue gas fire place but, these methods tend to vent position layout, fire pressure difference between inside and outside and the ventilation quantity is relatively high; some smoke or fire shutter door wall, also can play the role of smoke, but they are of limited time or the flue gas barrier, or the flue gas barrier thoroughly after the blockade of the evacuation channel. Water mist as a clean and efficient halon fire extinguishing agent substitutes more and more people of all ages, the water mist curtain formed in the development of water mist based on advantages, can well make up now There is a shortage of measures to prevent and exhaust smoke.
In this study, the invention of a new type of water mist curtain nozzle, corridor simulation test bench was built of water mist suppression curtain fire and smoke spread. In consideration of water mist curtain characteristics and water mist curtain exerts itself influence on the environmental conditions of the premise, to carry out two kinds of water mist curtain nozzle (nozzle type and fine nozzle II) water spray curtain to prevent smoke formed in different spray pressure under different pressure water mist suppression curtain smoke spread experiment and increased smoke production when the spread of experimental work.
Found the water mist curtain can effectively inhibit the fire and smoke spread. Applying water mist curtain of smoke can be reduced 75% temperature; water mist nozzle and nozzle of Act II, suppression of fire smoke can be better spread: water mist curtain nozzle in 2.0MPa spray under the pressure of the gas optical density decreased from 0.91dB/m to 0.15dB/m, i.e. the fire, never to 2m to 8.5m. to improve visibility and water mist curtain nozzle is 1, under the pressure of 2.5MPa was significantly inhibited the smoke spreading effect, optical density of the flue gas can be reduced to 0.17dB/m, i.e., water mist scene visibility is 7.5m. in 2.0MPa under the pressure of the spray nozzle can make flue gas through the formation of the scene time delay of 25s, and 1 in 2.5MPa under the pressure of the spray nozzle without any time delay. After increasing the fire smoke caused water mist fire suppression curtain of smoke spread is difficult, when the spray pressure Up to 3.0MPa when the flue gas barrier on fire side.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X932;X928.7

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本文編號(hào)：1381063