【摘要】：獨立、內(nèi)部研發(fā)已經(jīng)不能滿足社會發(fā)展需求，研發(fā)活動外部化、市場化使其逐步成為一個產(chǎn)業(yè)。研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)作為一個新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，與其他產(chǎn)業(yè)的演化有共性也存在差異，主流經(jīng)濟學在產(chǎn)業(yè)均衡下研究研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)具有一定局限性，需要我們以新的視角來加深對研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究。因此，本文從自組織原理角度研究研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)演化。 研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)演化是一個系統(tǒng)工程。研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)系統(tǒng)滿足開放性、非平衡性和非線性等自組織的三個基本條件，其主體能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)耗費（投入、支出、成本）的自我/行補償，亦即實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟上的自組織。研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)系統(tǒng)演化是研發(fā)主體、研發(fā)需求、要素供給、產(chǎn)業(yè)服務和市場競爭等五個子系統(tǒng)共同作用、相互轉(zhuǎn)化的結果，經(jīng)歷自創(chuàng)生期、自擴張期、自維持期和自退化期等四個階段，其演化路徑包括新立、分立和轉(zhuǎn)型等三條路徑。研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)自組織協(xié)同演化模型表明，風險資本和市場競爭主導和支配研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)系統(tǒng)的演化。風險資本占研發(fā)投入比例小，其主要作用是對創(chuàng)新傾向的提高以促進研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)演化；市場競爭從產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部和產(chǎn)業(yè)關聯(lián)兩方面促進研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)演化，，其中產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部包括國家或地區(qū)之間競爭的導向作用、企業(yè)之間對新產(chǎn)品和新技術競爭等，產(chǎn)業(yè)關聯(lián)則通過研發(fā)外部化促進研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)演化。 我國研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)處于起步階段，研發(fā)投入總量大，但是基礎性、原創(chuàng)性發(fā)明專利較少，發(fā)明專利的技術含量、復雜程度還比較低。根據(jù)我國研發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，本文從需求培育、供給培育、產(chǎn)業(yè)服務體系建設以及拓展融資渠道等方面提出了相應的對策建議。
[Abstract]:Independent, internal R & D can not meet the needs of social development, R & D activities are externalized, marketization makes it gradually become an industry. As a new industry, R & D industry has similarities and differences with the evolution of other industries. The mainstream economics has some limitations in researching R & D industry under the industrial equilibrium, so we need to deepen the research on R & D industry from a new perspective. Therefore, this paper studies the evolution of R & D industry from the perspective of self-organization principle. The evolution of R & D industry is a system engineering. The R & D industry system satisfies the three basic conditions of self-organization, such as openness, non-balance and non-linearity. The main body of R & D industry can realize self / line compensation of expenditure (input, expenditure, cost), that is to say, self-organization can be realized in economy. The evolution of R & D industry system is the result of the mutual transformation of R & D main body, R & D demand, factor supply, industry service and market competition, and experiences the period of self-creation and self-expansion. The evolutional paths of self-sustaining period and self-degenerating period include three paths: new, discrete and transmuted, which can be divided into four stages: self-sustaining stage and self-degenerating stage. The model of self-organization co-evolution of R & D industry shows that venture capital and market competition dominate and dominate the evolution of R & D industry system. Venture capital accounts for a small proportion of R & D investment, and its main function is to improve innovation tendency in order to promote the evolution of R & D industry; Market competition promotes the evolution of R & D industry from two aspects: intra-industry and industry-related, in which the industry includes the guiding role of competition between countries or regions, competition between enterprises against new products and new technologies, and so on. Industrial linkages promote R & D industry evolution through R & D externalization. The R & D industry in our country is in its infancy with a large amount of R & D investment, but it is basic, the original invention patent is less, the technical content of invention patent is low, and the complexity of invention patent is still relatively low. According to the present development situation of R & D industry in China, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of demand cultivation, supply cultivation, construction of industrial service system and expansion of financing channels, etc.
【學位授予單位】：暨南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.3

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