【摘要】：自改革開放以來,我國的對外貿易持續(xù)迅猛發(fā)展,2015年我國貨物貿易和服務貿易分別位居世界貿易第一和第二,占據(jù)世界貿易大國的地位已穩(wěn)固。我國對外貿易的飛速發(fā)展在拉動我國外向型經濟的快速增長的同時提高了居民的收入水平,但也產生一些嚴重的問題,即我國的收入差距呈現(xiàn)不斷擴大的趨勢。因此,探究二者之間的影響關系及傳導機理就尤為重要。本文首先從我國對外貿易和收入差距的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),梳理了我國對外貿易總體概況、貨物貿易及服務貿易的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,闡述了我國總體收入差距概況、城鄉(xiāng)收入差距、行業(yè)收入差距及地區(qū)收入差距的發(fā)展趨勢;其次,通過灰色關聯(lián)度分析證實了我國對外貿易與收入差距之間存在較強的關聯(lián)程度,具備一定的研究意義,為下文的研究展開提供一定的依據(jù);然后,運用多元線性回歸和面板數(shù)據(jù)模型分別從城鄉(xiāng)收入差距、行業(yè)收入差距、地區(qū)收入差距等三個方面就我國對外貿易對收入差距的影響進行實證分析。實證結果表明我國對外貿易與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距、行業(yè)收入差距及地區(qū)收入差距均是正相關關系,即目前我國對外貿易的發(fā)展將擴大城鄉(xiāng)收入差距、行業(yè)收入差距及地區(qū)收入差距;接著,探究了我國對外貿易擴大收入差距的原因分析。對于其擴大城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的原因分析,主要從我國對外貿易結構、外商直接投資偏向、要素價格等三個方面進行闡釋;對于其擴大行業(yè)收入差距的原因分析,主要從行業(yè)外貿結構、外商對行業(yè)的投資偏向、行業(yè)承接外包技術含量水平的變化、外貿引發(fā)的行業(yè)技術進步偏向等四個方面進行梳理;對于其擴大地區(qū)收入差距的原因分析,主要從各地區(qū)的貿易方式不同、貿易市場結構差異、地區(qū)間外商投資偏向及各地區(qū)的貿易主體不同等四個方面進行詮釋。通過我國對外貿易擴大收入差距的原因分析揭露出我國對外貿易對收入差距的影響機理,洞察出我國對外貿易發(fā)展中存在的問題;最后,根據(jù)我國對外貿易對收入差距的影響機理及發(fā)展中存在的問題,提出多視角縮小我國收入差距的對策建議,為今后國家政策的制定,提供一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign trade has been developing rapidly. In 2015, China's trade in goods and services ranked first and second in world trade respectively, and its position as a major trading country in the world has been firmly established. The rapid development of China's foreign trade not only stimulates the rapid growth of China's export-oriented economy, but also raises the income level of residents. However, there are some serious problems, that is, the income gap of our country is constantly expanding. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the relationship between the two and the conduction mechanism. Starting from the current situation of China's foreign trade and income gap, this paper first combs the general situation of China's foreign trade, the development of goods trade and service trade, and expounds the general situation of China's overall income gap, the urban-rural income gap. The development trend of industry income gap and regional income gap; Secondly, the grey correlation analysis proves that there is a strong correlation between China's foreign trade and income gap, which has a certain research significance, and provides a certain basis for the following research; Then, using multiple linear regression and panel data model, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the impact of foreign trade on income gap from three aspects: urban-rural income gap, industry income gap and regional income gap. The empirical results show that China's foreign trade has a positive correlation with the urban-rural income gap, the industry income gap and the regional income gap, that is, the development of China's foreign trade will expand the urban-rural income gap, the industry income gap and the regional income gap. Then, it explores the reasons why China's foreign trade expands the income gap. The analysis of the reasons for expanding the income gap between urban and rural areas mainly from the foreign trade structure of China, foreign direct investment bias, factor price, etc. As to the reasons of enlarging the income gap of the industry, it mainly combs from four aspects: the structure of foreign trade, the bias of foreign investment in the industry, the change of the level of the technology content in the industry to undertake outsourcing, and the bias of the technological progress of the industry caused by foreign trade. The analysis of the reasons for enlarging the regional income gap is mainly explained from four aspects: the trade mode of different regions, the structure of the trade market, the bias of foreign investment among regions and the different trade subjects in different regions. Through the analysis of the reasons why China's foreign trade expands the income gap, the influence mechanism of our country's foreign trade on the income gap is revealed, and the problems existing in the development of our country's foreign trade are pointed out. Finally, according to the influence mechanism of our country's foreign trade on the income gap and the existing problems in the development, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of narrowing the income gap from different angles, which provides some reference value for the formulation of the national policy in the future.
【學位授予單位】：新疆大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F752;F124.7

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