低碳經濟背景下山東省加工貿易轉型升級研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-17 21:23
【摘要】：當前全球范圍內的氣候變暖導致生態(tài)環(huán)境急劇惡化，人們的生產生活方式潛移默化的受到影響，低碳經濟發(fā)展模式順其自然逐漸進入人們的視野，并在世界范圍內掀起一股新的浪潮。改革開放以來，中國城鎮(zhèn)化、工業(yè)化步伐明顯加快，能源消耗猛增導致二氧化碳排放呈現(xiàn)持續(xù)增長的趨勢。有關數(shù)據(jù)顯示，近年來，我國二氧化碳排放急劇增長，在2006年已超越美國，成為世界第一大碳排放國。因此，實施低碳經濟迫在眉睫。加工貿易作為主要貿易方式，在出口商品中存在著大量的貿易隱含碳排放問題。碳排放超標導致環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞，威脅人民的身體健康，并且對經濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展造成嚴重影響。山東省出口加工貿易產品多為高耗能、高投入、低產出的高碳經濟發(fā)展模式，易造成對外貿易和低碳經濟發(fā)展的失衡現(xiàn)象。隨著低碳經濟時代的來臨，山東省節(jié)能減排壓力逐漸增大，尤其是占大量出口份額的加工貿易。在低碳經濟背景下，如何促進山東省對外加工貿易轉型升級成為關注的焦點。 文章采取的分析方法是將理論分析和實證分析相互結合。一方面，整理歸納加工貿易以及低碳經濟的相關概念，，分析山東省加工貿易發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、低碳經濟發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，在此基礎上，分析低碳經濟背景下山東省加工貿易轉型升級的必要性，主要體現(xiàn)在五個方面：資源短缺和環(huán)境惡化，要求加工貿易實現(xiàn)低碳可持續(xù)發(fā)展；加工貿易政策收緊，迫使企業(yè)轉型升級；勞動密集型和資源密集型產品競爭能力下降；推動加工貿易行業(yè)創(chuàng)新、實現(xiàn)跨越式發(fā)展；加工貿易出口面臨新型貿易保護主義的挑戰(zhàn)。另一方面，借助E-views軟件利用OLS模型，使用ADF檢驗、協(xié)整檢驗、Granger因果檢驗等現(xiàn)代數(shù)理分析手段，分析研究碳排放總量與山東省加工貿易之間的相關關系，通過模型驗證了山東省加工貿易中確實隱含存在大量碳排放問題，由此可以得出結論，山東省加工貿易亟須轉型升級，發(fā)展低碳經濟勢在必行。在此基礎上，總結低碳經濟背景下發(fā)展加工貿易存在的問題，主要體現(xiàn)在：加工貿易國內耗能過多，生態(tài)環(huán)境壓力加��；“兩資一高”加工貿易企業(yè)較多；核心技術缺乏，自主品牌缺失；加工貿易產品附加值低，加工貿易產業(yè)聯(lián)動和外溢效應不足；國家相關政策制約的不利影響。通過存在的問題，提出如何在低碳背景下實現(xiàn)我省加工貿易轉型升級，即：改變加工貿易高碳型發(fā)展路徑，不斷地向低碳綠色型模式轉變；改變加工貿易當中的高碳型發(fā)展模式，逐步向節(jié)約環(huán)保型轉變；增強山東加工貿易進出口企業(yè)的自我研發(fā)能力；調整加工貿易產業(yè)結構，延伸產業(yè)價值鏈；大力發(fā)展低碳經濟性加工貿易產業(yè)；強化政府推動和政策支持，加強海關的監(jiān)管力度。
[Abstract]:At present, the global warming results in the rapid deterioration of the ecological environment, the subtle impact on people's way of production and life, and the development model of low-carbon economy gradually entering people's vision. And set off a new wave around the world. Since the reform and opening up, the pace of urbanization and industrialization in China has been quickened, and the rapid increase in energy consumption has led to a sustained increase in carbon dioxide emissions. According to the relevant data, China's carbon dioxide emissions have increased sharply in recent years, and in 2006 it overtook the United States to become the world's largest carbon emitter. Therefore, the implementation of low-carbon economy is imminent. Processing trade as the main way of trade, there are a large number of trade implied carbon emissions in export commodities. Excessive carbon emissions lead to environmental pollution, ecological damage, threaten people's health, and have a serious impact on sustainable economic development. The export processing trade products of Shandong Province are high energy consumption, high input, low output high carbon economic development model, which is easy to cause the imbalance between foreign trade and low carbon economy development. With the advent of low-carbon economy, the pressure of energy saving and emission reduction in Shandong Province is gradually increasing, especially the processing trade, which accounts for a large share of export. Under the background of low-carbon economy, how to promote the transformation and upgrading of Shandong's foreign processing trade has become the focus of attention. The analytical method adopted in this paper is to combine theoretical analysis with empirical analysis. On the one hand, it summarizes the related concepts of processing trade and low-carbon economy, analyzes the present situation of processing trade and low-carbon economy in Shandong Province, and on this basis, This paper analyzes the necessity of the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in Shandong Province under the background of low carbon economy, which is mainly reflected in five aspects: the shortage of resources and the deterioration of environment, which require processing trade to realize the sustainable development of low carbon; The tightening of processing trade policy has forced enterprises to transform and upgrade; the competitiveness of labor-intensive and resource-intensive products has declined; the process trade industry has been promoted to innovate and achieve leap-forward development; processing trade exports are facing the challenge of new trade protectionism. On the other hand, by using OLS model, ADF test, cointegration test, Granger causality test and so on, the paper analyzes the correlation between total carbon emissions and processing trade in Shandong Province. It is proved by the model that there are a lot of carbon emission problems in processing trade in Shandong Province. It can be concluded that Shandong processing trade needs to be transformed and upgraded urgently, and it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy. On this basis, the problems existing in the development of processing trade under the background of low-carbon economy are summarized, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: excessive domestic energy consumption in processing trade, increasing pressure on the ecological environment, more and more processing trade enterprises with "two capital and one high capital"; Lack of core technology, lack of independent brand, low added value of processed trade products, insufficient linkage and spillover effect of processing trade industry, adverse effects of relevant national policy constraints. Through the existing problems, the paper puts forward how to realize the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in our province under the low carbon background, that is, changing the high-carbon development path of processing trade and changing to the low-carbon green model; Changing the development mode of high carbon type in processing trade, gradually changing to saving environmental protection type, strengthening the self-research and development ability of Shandong processing trade import and export enterprises, adjusting the industrial structure of processing trade, extending the industrial value chain; Vigorously develop low-carbon economy processing trade industry, strengthen government promotion and policy support, and strengthen customs supervision.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F752.68;F124.5
本文編號：2384816
[Abstract]:At present, the global warming results in the rapid deterioration of the ecological environment, the subtle impact on people's way of production and life, and the development model of low-carbon economy gradually entering people's vision. And set off a new wave around the world. Since the reform and opening up, the pace of urbanization and industrialization in China has been quickened, and the rapid increase in energy consumption has led to a sustained increase in carbon dioxide emissions. According to the relevant data, China's carbon dioxide emissions have increased sharply in recent years, and in 2006 it overtook the United States to become the world's largest carbon emitter. Therefore, the implementation of low-carbon economy is imminent. Processing trade as the main way of trade, there are a large number of trade implied carbon emissions in export commodities. Excessive carbon emissions lead to environmental pollution, ecological damage, threaten people's health, and have a serious impact on sustainable economic development. The export processing trade products of Shandong Province are high energy consumption, high input, low output high carbon economic development model, which is easy to cause the imbalance between foreign trade and low carbon economy development. With the advent of low-carbon economy, the pressure of energy saving and emission reduction in Shandong Province is gradually increasing, especially the processing trade, which accounts for a large share of export. Under the background of low-carbon economy, how to promote the transformation and upgrading of Shandong's foreign processing trade has become the focus of attention. The analytical method adopted in this paper is to combine theoretical analysis with empirical analysis. On the one hand, it summarizes the related concepts of processing trade and low-carbon economy, analyzes the present situation of processing trade and low-carbon economy in Shandong Province, and on this basis, This paper analyzes the necessity of the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in Shandong Province under the background of low carbon economy, which is mainly reflected in five aspects: the shortage of resources and the deterioration of environment, which require processing trade to realize the sustainable development of low carbon; The tightening of processing trade policy has forced enterprises to transform and upgrade; the competitiveness of labor-intensive and resource-intensive products has declined; the process trade industry has been promoted to innovate and achieve leap-forward development; processing trade exports are facing the challenge of new trade protectionism. On the other hand, by using OLS model, ADF test, cointegration test, Granger causality test and so on, the paper analyzes the correlation between total carbon emissions and processing trade in Shandong Province. It is proved by the model that there are a lot of carbon emission problems in processing trade in Shandong Province. It can be concluded that Shandong processing trade needs to be transformed and upgraded urgently, and it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy. On this basis, the problems existing in the development of processing trade under the background of low-carbon economy are summarized, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: excessive domestic energy consumption in processing trade, increasing pressure on the ecological environment, more and more processing trade enterprises with "two capital and one high capital"; Lack of core technology, lack of independent brand, low added value of processed trade products, insufficient linkage and spillover effect of processing trade industry, adverse effects of relevant national policy constraints. Through the existing problems, the paper puts forward how to realize the transformation and upgrading of processing trade in our province under the low carbon background, that is, changing the high-carbon development path of processing trade and changing to the low-carbon green model; Changing the development mode of high carbon type in processing trade, gradually changing to saving environmental protection type, strengthening the self-research and development ability of Shandong processing trade import and export enterprises, adjusting the industrial structure of processing trade, extending the industrial value chain; Vigorously develop low-carbon economy processing trade industry, strengthen government promotion and policy support, and strengthen customs supervision.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F752.68;F124.5
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