【摘要】：當(dāng)前我國(guó)正處在全面深化改革的關(guān)鍵階段,利益格局面臨重大調(diào)整、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)、發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變迫在眉睫。黨的十八大提出“到2020年要實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入比2010年翻一番”的居民收入倍增目標(biāo),黨的十八屆三中全會(huì)提到要“著重保護(hù)勞動(dòng)所得,努力實(shí)現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬增長(zhǎng)和勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率提高同步,提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重�！比绾巫尵用袷杖肱c國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)相協(xié)調(diào)增長(zhǎng)成為當(dāng)前我國(guó)改革所必須面對(duì)的難題之一。因此,居民收入倍增一經(jīng)提出就成為社會(huì)各界熱議的焦點(diǎn)。在這樣的背景下,本文選擇居民收入倍增這一課題進(jìn)行探討,通過(guò)采用理論與實(shí)證相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)居民收入倍增的實(shí)施困境以及實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑進(jìn)行研究。本文對(duì)居民收入倍增實(shí)施困境的研究從兩個(gè)維度展開(kāi)。第一,要素價(jià)格扭曲阻礙居民收入倍增的實(shí)現(xiàn)。我國(guó)要素價(jià)格市場(chǎng)化改革的步伐較為緩慢,要素價(jià)格扭曲下的投資驅(qū)動(dòng)型和出口驅(qū)動(dòng)型增長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的奇跡。但是,要素價(jià)格扭曲造成我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)外失衡,造成勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬占比較低、居民收入增長(zhǎng)困難。本文還選用C——D生產(chǎn)函數(shù)來(lái)考察我國(guó)要素價(jià)格扭曲的嚴(yán)重程度。第二,收入分配不公也阻礙收入倍增的實(shí)現(xiàn)。收入分配不公可以分為起點(diǎn)不公、過(guò)程不公、結(jié)果不公以及代際不公。當(dāng)前我國(guó)在這四個(gè)方面都存在較為嚴(yán)重的不公,特別是我國(guó)的收入分配呈現(xiàn)出收入兩極分化的趨勢(shì)。收入分配不公對(duì)收入倍增最根本的影響在于收入分配不公使得經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)受限,而經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)受限動(dòng)搖了居民收入增長(zhǎng)的根基。收入分配不公對(duì)收入倍增的影響表現(xiàn)在：收入分配不公對(duì)人力資本投資不利,收入分配改革要打破現(xiàn)有利益格局、要“牽一發(fā)而動(dòng)全身”、要把握好公平與效率的關(guān)系。居民收入倍增的實(shí)現(xiàn)根本上是增長(zhǎng)問(wèn)題,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的快,居民收入相應(yīng)也增長(zhǎng)的快,國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的不斷增強(qiáng)帶來(lái)了生產(chǎn)力水平的迅速提高,為居民收入增長(zhǎng)提供了物質(zhì)財(cái)富基礎(chǔ)。但是依靠要素價(jià)格扭曲帶來(lái)的投資驅(qū)動(dòng)型和出口驅(qū)動(dòng)型增長(zhǎng)不可持續(xù),因此,要通過(guò)矯正要素扭曲來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)工資驅(qū)動(dòng)型增長(zhǎng)。工資驅(qū)動(dòng)型增長(zhǎng)是以后凱恩斯主義分配理論為基礎(chǔ),它主張通過(guò)增加勞動(dòng)者的報(bào)酬帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的良性運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。而在經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上要著重通過(guò)深化收入分配體制改革解決收入分配不公的難題,通過(guò)從初次分配和再分配這兩個(gè)層面深化體制改革,規(guī)范分配秩序,以改革促發(fā)展,使發(fā)展成果惠及到更多的人民。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the key stage of deepening the reform in an all-round way, the pattern of interests is faced with great adjustment, the economic structure is optimized and upgraded, and the mode of development is changed urgently. The party's 18th National Congress set the goal of doubling the income of urban and rural residents by 2020 over that of 2010. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee mentioned the need to "focus on the protection of labor income." Efforts will be made to synchronize the increase in labour remuneration with the increase in labour productivity and to increase the proportion of labour remuneration in the initial distribution. " How to make the harmonious growth of resident income and national economy become one of the problems that our country must face in the current reform. As a result, the doubling of residents' income has become the focus of heated discussion in all walks of life. Under this background, this article chooses the resident income multiplication topic to carry on the discussion, through uses the theory and the demonstration method to carry on the research to the resident income multiplication implementation predicament and the realization path. In this paper, the implementation of the double-income of residents from two dimensions of the implementation of the study. First, factor price distortion hinders the realization of double income. The reform of factor price marketization in China is slow. The investment-driven and export-driven growth under the distortion of factor price has created the miracle of China's economic growth. However, the distortion of factor price causes the internal and external imbalance of the economic structure of our country, causes the labor reward to occupy relatively low, the resident income growth is difficult. This paper also selects C-D production function to investigate the severity of factor price distortion in China. Second, unfair income distribution also hinders the realization of income doubling. Income inequality can be divided into starting unfair, unfair process, unfair results and intergenerational injustice. At present, there are serious injustices in these four aspects in our country, especially the income distribution in our country shows the trend of income polarization. The fundamental impact of income inequality on income doubling is that income inequality limits economic growth, which shakes the foundation of income growth. The effects of unfair income distribution on income doubling are: unfair income distribution is disadvantageous to investment in human capital, the reform of income distribution should break the existing pattern of interests, "lead the way and move the whole body", and grasp the relationship between fairness and efficiency. The realization of the doubling of residents' income is fundamentally a question of growth. With the rapid growth of the economy, the corresponding increase in the income of the residents is also rapid. The constant increase in the national economic strength has brought about a rapid increase in the level of productive forces. It has provided the material wealth foundation for the resident income growth. However, the investment-driven and export-driven growth caused by factor price distortion is not sustainable. Therefore, wage driven growth should be achieved by correcting factor distortion. Wage-driven growth is based on the Keynesian theory of distribution, which advocates the benign operation of the economic system by increasing the wages of workers. On the basis of economic growth, we should focus on resolving the problem of unfair income distribution through deepening the reform of the income distribution system, deepen the system reform from the two levels of initial distribution and redistribution, standardize the distribution order, and promote development through reform. More people will benefit from the fruits of development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F126

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本文編號(hào)：2363408