提高城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體收入水平的對策研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-25 07:59
【摘要】：改革開放30多年的實踐在給中國帶來空前經濟繁榮的同時,也使收入分配格局發(fā)生了深刻變化。盡管我國十分重視經濟發(fā)展過程中的社會公平,尤其是在社會財富的蛋糕不斷做大的情況下,強調要讓全體社會成員共享改革發(fā)展的成果。但是,一個不容忽視的事實是我國目前仍存在著相當數量的人口收入水平低于社會平均水平線,雖然低收入群體總體數量占我國龐大人口數量的比重較小,但是,分布廣泛,規(guī)模較大。 從20世紀90年代中期起,貧富分化、經濟高增長與城鎮(zhèn)低收入困境逐步成為一個對我國社會和諧發(fā)展構成潛在影響的經濟和社會問題。研究提高城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體的收入水平成為當前完善分配領域和推動改革深化亟待解決的時代命題。 城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體的收入水平偏低,顯然與我國當前建設“和諧社會”、構筑“中國夢”的主基調不相符合,如果城鎮(zhèn)低收入困境不能夠得到及時恰當的解決,將直接影響到我國改革發(fā)展的大局。因此,聚焦城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體收入水平偏低的問題,研究促進城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體增收的有效對策,具有非常重要的理論意義和現實價值。 運用馬克思主義分配理論、人力資本理論、社會分層理論和社會排斥理論,深入分析后認為,我國目前城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體收入水平偏低的原因一方面在于低收入者自身人力資本貧乏而產生的能力弱勢,另一方面在于經濟發(fā)展的政策導向與戰(zhàn)略選擇、市場經濟追求效益的內在動因、收入分配不規(guī)范,及政府宏觀調控乏力。 在此基礎上,提出現階段提高我國城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體收入水平的可行對策和建議。一方面,實施就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略,推動低收入者的就業(yè)與再就業(yè),形成低收入群體的自我造血機制；另一方面,充分發(fā)揮政府在維護社會公平和引導分配秩序中的調控作用,運用財政和稅收等手段,完善城鎮(zhèn)社會保障體系,向低收入者“輸血”,從而探索形成促進城鎮(zhèn)低收入群體的收入水平提高的全面體系。
[Abstract]:The practice of reform and opening up for more than 30 years has brought unprecedented economic prosperity to China, at the same time, it has also made profound changes in the pattern of income distribution. Although our country attaches great importance to social equity in the process of economic development, especially when the cake of social wealth is growing, it emphasizes that all members of society should share the fruits of reform and development. However, a fact that can not be ignored is that there are still a considerable number of people in our country whose income level is lower than the average level of society. Although the total number of low-income groups accounts for a small proportion of the large population in our country, it is widely distributed. The scale is large. Since the middle of 1990s, the poverty of rich and poor, high economic growth and low income in cities and towns has gradually become an economic and social problem that has a potential impact on the harmonious development of our society. To improve the income level of low-income groups in cities and towns has become an urgent topic to be solved in order to perfect the distribution field and promote the deepening of reform. The low income level of low-income groups in cities and towns is obviously inconsistent with the construction of a "harmonious society" and the construction of "Chinese Dream" in China. If the plight of low income in cities and towns cannot be solved properly and in time, Will directly affect the overall situation of China's reform and development. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to focus on the problem of low income level of urban low-income groups and to study the effective countermeasures to promote the increase of income of low-income groups in cities and towns. By applying Marxist distribution theory, human capital theory, social stratification theory and social exclusion theory, the author thinks, At present, the low income level of low-income groups in cities and towns in China is due to, on the one hand, the weakness of their own human capital, on the other hand, the policy orientation and strategic choice of economic development. The internal motivation of market economy to pursue benefit, the non-standard income distribution, and the weakness of government macro-control. On the basis of this, some feasible countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the income level of low-income groups in cities and towns in China at the present stage. On the one hand, we should implement the employment priority strategy to promote the employment and re-employment of the low-income group, and form the self-hematopoietic mechanism of the low-income group. On the other hand, the government should give full play to the role of the government in maintaining social equity and guiding the distribution order, improve the urban social security system by means of finance and taxation, and "transfusion blood" to low-income people. Thus, to explore the formation of a comprehensive system to promote the income level of urban low-income groups.
【學位授予單位】：信陽師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.7
本文編號：2355378
[Abstract]:The practice of reform and opening up for more than 30 years has brought unprecedented economic prosperity to China, at the same time, it has also made profound changes in the pattern of income distribution. Although our country attaches great importance to social equity in the process of economic development, especially when the cake of social wealth is growing, it emphasizes that all members of society should share the fruits of reform and development. However, a fact that can not be ignored is that there are still a considerable number of people in our country whose income level is lower than the average level of society. Although the total number of low-income groups accounts for a small proportion of the large population in our country, it is widely distributed. The scale is large. Since the middle of 1990s, the poverty of rich and poor, high economic growth and low income in cities and towns has gradually become an economic and social problem that has a potential impact on the harmonious development of our society. To improve the income level of low-income groups in cities and towns has become an urgent topic to be solved in order to perfect the distribution field and promote the deepening of reform. The low income level of low-income groups in cities and towns is obviously inconsistent with the construction of a "harmonious society" and the construction of "Chinese Dream" in China. If the plight of low income in cities and towns cannot be solved properly and in time, Will directly affect the overall situation of China's reform and development. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to focus on the problem of low income level of urban low-income groups and to study the effective countermeasures to promote the increase of income of low-income groups in cities and towns. By applying Marxist distribution theory, human capital theory, social stratification theory and social exclusion theory, the author thinks, At present, the low income level of low-income groups in cities and towns in China is due to, on the one hand, the weakness of their own human capital, on the other hand, the policy orientation and strategic choice of economic development. The internal motivation of market economy to pursue benefit, the non-standard income distribution, and the weakness of government macro-control. On the basis of this, some feasible countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the income level of low-income groups in cities and towns in China at the present stage. On the one hand, we should implement the employment priority strategy to promote the employment and re-employment of the low-income group, and form the self-hematopoietic mechanism of the low-income group. On the other hand, the government should give full play to the role of the government in maintaining social equity and guiding the distribution order, improve the urban social security system by means of finance and taxation, and "transfusion blood" to low-income people. Thus, to explore the formation of a comprehensive system to promote the income level of urban low-income groups.
【學位授予單位】：信陽師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.7
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