【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,使我國經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了快速發(fā)展,人均收入有了很大提高,人民的生活水平也有了很大改善,但經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長伴隨的負(fù)面效應(yīng)如城鄉(xiāng)收入差距,也在逐步顯現(xiàn)。城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的不斷擴大,不僅會帶來消費不足的困境,甚至?xí)せ鐣?危及政治穩(wěn)定。城鄉(xiāng)收入差距已經(jīng)成了政府和人民關(guān)注的焦點。 在此背景下,本文在已有研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以山東省為研究對象,運用文獻(xiàn)梳理法、比較分析法以及實證分析法,系統(tǒng)的研究了人力資本投資對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。首先,對人力資本理論以及城鄉(xiāng)收入差距理論進(jìn)行梳理：其次,對山東省城鄉(xiāng)收入差距以及人力資本投資差距進(jìn)行現(xiàn)狀分析。分析過程中,在時間樣本期內(nèi),對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距分階段進(jìn)行分析,并從影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的外部因素作出解釋。對城鄉(xiāng)人力資本投資差距的分析,主要通過圖表法,并對造成城鄉(xiāng)人力資本投資差距的原因做出了分析說明；最后,從實證的角度分析了二者的相關(guān)關(guān)系。計量分析中,忽略了干中學(xué)投資的作用,用教育投資、健康投資以及遷移投資三個部分來衡量人力資本投資,通過建立計量模型,利用1990-2011年的數(shù)據(jù),量化分析了人力資本投資對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。。 研究表明：教育投資的系數(shù)為負(fù),縮小城鄉(xiāng)教育投資差距會帶來城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的擴大,造成這一現(xiàn)象的主要原因為農(nóng)村人力資本流失為城鎮(zhèn)人力資本；健康投資的系數(shù)為正,縮小城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療保健投資差距以及食品支出投資差距對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的擴大起到抑制作用；遷移投資系數(shù)為正,即縮小城鄉(xiāng)遷移投資支出差距能夠促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的縮小。 最后,在已有結(jié)論的基礎(chǔ)上,文章針對山東省城鄉(xiāng)收入差距過大的現(xiàn)象提出了兩點對策建議,主要從增加農(nóng)村人力資本投資和減少農(nóng)村人力資本流失兩個方面。
[Abstract]:With the reform of economic system, the economy of our country has been developed rapidly, the per capita income has been greatly improved, and the living standard of the people has been greatly improved. However, the negative effects of rapid economic growth, such as the income gap between urban and rural areas, are also gradually appearing. The widening income gap between urban and rural areas will not only bring about the plight of insufficient consumption, but also intensify social contradictions and endanger political stability. Urban and rural income gap has become the focus of attention of the government and the people. Under this background, this paper, on the basis of the existing research, taking Shandong Province as the research object, systematically studies the influence of human capital investment on the income gap between urban and rural areas by means of literature combing, comparative analysis and empirical analysis. Firstly, the theory of human capital and urban-rural income gap are combed. Secondly, the current situation of Shandong Province urban-rural income gap and human capital investment gap is analyzed. In the process of analysis, in the time sample period, the income gap between urban and rural areas is analyzed in stages, and the external factors that affect the income gap between urban and rural areas are explained. The analysis of the gap between urban and rural human capital investment, mainly through the chart method, and the causes of the gap between urban and rural human capital investment are analyzed. Finally, from the perspective of empirical analysis of the relationship between the two. In the econometric analysis, the role of investment in dry middle school is neglected, and the investment in human capital is measured by three parts: education investment, health investment and migration investment. Through the establishment of measurement model, the data from 1990 to 2011 are used. Quantitative analysis of the impact of human capital investment on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The study shows that the coefficient of education investment is negative, narrowing the gap between urban and rural education investment will lead to the widening of urban-rural income gap, the main reason for this phenomenon is the loss of rural human capital as urban human capital; The coefficient of health investment is positive, narrowing the gap of urban and rural health care investment and the gap of food expenditure investment play a restraining role on the expansion of urban-rural income gap; The coefficient of migration investment is positive, that is to say, narrowing the gap of urban and rural investment expenditure can promote the narrowing of urban-rural income gap. Finally, on the basis of the existing conclusions, this paper puts forward two countermeasures and suggestions in view of the phenomenon of excessive income gap between urban and rural areas in Shandong Province, mainly from two aspects: increasing rural human capital investment and reducing the loss of rural human capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F249.21;F124.7

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