東亞國家和地區(qū)內(nèi)部收入不平等問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-19 19:58
【摘要】：收入不平等狀況是與人民生活密切相關(guān)的一種基本國情，了解它的變動趨勢與原因是制定相關(guān)政策的前提條件。如果一國收入不平等過于嚴(yán)重就會產(chǎn)生一系列的社會與經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。比如阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)增長并減緩消除貧困的速度、導(dǎo)致社會不穩(wěn)定進(jìn)而降低投資量、增加社會管理成本影響公民生活與國家政治活動增加社會管理成本。在過去里的二十年里，東亞國家和地區(qū)參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的程度不斷加深，并從實施外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展策略中獲得了實實在在的好處。與此同時這些國家中與人民生活水平以及一國經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展密切相關(guān)的收入不平等狀況也發(fā)生了明顯的差異性的變動。在這種背景下我們就會想到以下問題：第一，東亞不同國家和地區(qū)收入不平等發(fā)生了怎樣的變動；第二，不同國家和地區(qū)收入不平等變動的主要原因是什么；第三，我們能從不同國家和地區(qū)收入不平等的差異性變動中得到什么啟示。本文就主要研究這些問題。 本文在大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，首先從理論與已有實證結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上盡可能全面描述、分析一國收入不平等變動的原因與機(jī)制，然后尋找量化各個要素影響的方法，再運(yùn)用相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)通過一個多元線性模型來分析不同國家和地區(qū)相關(guān)要素對收入不平等變動的影響。盡管從理論與經(jīng)驗上分析影響收入不平等變動的因素大致相同，，但是模型回歸結(jié)果顯示不同國家和地區(qū)影響收入不平等變動的主要顯著因素并不相同，甚至于相同因素對不同國家產(chǎn)生方向相反的影響，這就造成了在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化同一背景下不同國家收入不平等產(chǎn)生差異性變動。因此我們認(rèn)為不同國家收入不平等變動的原因不同，所以在分析收入不平等問題時一定要充分考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)政治基本面的影響。總體上從微觀層面來說收入不平等問題是一個與人們生活息息相關(guān)的問題，它對人們的生活水平有著重要的影響；從宏觀層面來說收入不平等問題事關(guān)一國的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。而且影響收入不平等問題的因素很多，且發(fā)生作用的機(jī)制比較復(fù)雜，不同國家之間還存在明顯的差異。所以收入不平等問題是一個很值得研究且有一定難度的問題。本文只是對收入不平等問題做了相對淺顯簡單的研究，還可以進(jìn)行更深地、更細(xì)致地研究。
[Abstract]:Income inequality is a basic national condition closely related to people's life. Understanding its changing trend and reasons is a prerequisite for making relevant policies. If a country's income inequality is too high, there will be a series of social and economic problems. For example, it hinders economic growth and slows down the speed of poverty eradication, which leads to social instability and reduces the amount of investment. Increasing the cost of social management affects the life of citizens and the political activities of the country, and increases the cost of social management. Over the past two decades, East Asian countries and regions have become increasingly involved in economic globalization and have benefited from the implementation of export-oriented economic development strategies. At the same time, the income inequality, which is closely related to the living standard of the people and the stable development of a country's economy, has also changed obviously in these countries. In this context, we will think of the following questions: first, how income inequality has changed in different countries and regions in East Asia; second, what are the main reasons for the changes in income inequality in different countries and regions; and third, what are the main reasons for the changes in income inequality in different countries and regions in East Asia? What can we learn from the variation of income inequality in different countries and regions? This paper mainly studies these problems. Based on a large number of literatures, this paper first describes the causes and mechanisms of income inequality changes in a country as comprehensively as possible on the basis of theoretical and empirical results, and then looks for ways to quantify the influence of various factors. Then we use the relevant data to analyze the influence of related factors on income inequality in different countries and regions through a multivariate linear model. Although the theoretical and empirical analysis of the factors affecting income inequality is about the same, the model regression results show that different countries and regions affect the main significant factors of income inequality is not the same. Even the same factors have the opposite effect on different countries, which results in the different income inequality of different countries under the same background of economic globalization. Therefore, we think that different countries have different reasons for the change of income inequality, so we must fully consider the influence of economic and political fundamentals when analyzing income inequality. On the whole, income inequality is a problem closely related to people's life, which has an important impact on people's living standard, and on the macro level, income inequality is related to the stability and development of a country. Moreover, there are many factors affecting income inequality, and the mechanism is complex, and there are obvious differences between different countries. So income inequality is a problem worth studying and has some difficulty. This paper only makes a relatively simple study on income inequality, and can do a deeper and more detailed study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F131
本文編號：2251170
[Abstract]:Income inequality is a basic national condition closely related to people's life. Understanding its changing trend and reasons is a prerequisite for making relevant policies. If a country's income inequality is too high, there will be a series of social and economic problems. For example, it hinders economic growth and slows down the speed of poverty eradication, which leads to social instability and reduces the amount of investment. Increasing the cost of social management affects the life of citizens and the political activities of the country, and increases the cost of social management. Over the past two decades, East Asian countries and regions have become increasingly involved in economic globalization and have benefited from the implementation of export-oriented economic development strategies. At the same time, the income inequality, which is closely related to the living standard of the people and the stable development of a country's economy, has also changed obviously in these countries. In this context, we will think of the following questions: first, how income inequality has changed in different countries and regions in East Asia; second, what are the main reasons for the changes in income inequality in different countries and regions; and third, what are the main reasons for the changes in income inequality in different countries and regions in East Asia? What can we learn from the variation of income inequality in different countries and regions? This paper mainly studies these problems. Based on a large number of literatures, this paper first describes the causes and mechanisms of income inequality changes in a country as comprehensively as possible on the basis of theoretical and empirical results, and then looks for ways to quantify the influence of various factors. Then we use the relevant data to analyze the influence of related factors on income inequality in different countries and regions through a multivariate linear model. Although the theoretical and empirical analysis of the factors affecting income inequality is about the same, the model regression results show that different countries and regions affect the main significant factors of income inequality is not the same. Even the same factors have the opposite effect on different countries, which results in the different income inequality of different countries under the same background of economic globalization. Therefore, we think that different countries have different reasons for the change of income inequality, so we must fully consider the influence of economic and political fundamentals when analyzing income inequality. On the whole, income inequality is a problem closely related to people's life, which has an important impact on people's living standard, and on the macro level, income inequality is related to the stability and development of a country. Moreover, there are many factors affecting income inequality, and the mechanism is complex, and there are obvious differences between different countries. So income inequality is a problem worth studying and has some difficulty. This paper only makes a relatively simple study on income inequality, and can do a deeper and more detailed study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F131
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