【摘要】：威廉·配弟在1662年曾提出“土地是財富之母，勞動是財富之父和能動因素”，李嘉圖也曾指出，在價值理論中土地要素是關(guān)鍵之一。由此可見，土地要素在人類生存、社會生產(chǎn)中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用，它是人類賴以生存與發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，是社會經(jīng)濟的空間和載體，為一切活動提供了土地支撐，并伴隨著人類社會的進步、科學(xué)科技水平的提高在不斷演變著。 主流經(jīng)濟學(xué)家在研究經(jīng)濟增長及其影響因素時，考慮最多的因素就是資本、勞動力、技術(shù)進步，大多數(shù)研究也是圍繞著這三個要素展開的。基于發(fā)達的市場經(jīng)濟體制，國外將土地要素作為重要指標(biāo)來計算經(jīng)濟貢獻率，而是將土地要素的貢獻納入到了資本要素之中進行考慮。但是，中國作為一個發(fā)展中國家，其經(jīng)濟形勢與發(fā)達國家還存在著差異性、特殊性，又考慮到處在工業(yè)化、城市化這一特殊時期，政府對土地要素的供應(yīng)量不斷增加，這些現(xiàn)實背景引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。因此，本文致力于研究在工業(yè)化城市化的進程中，我國城市土地要素在經(jīng)濟增長中的貢獻率水平。 本文對經(jīng)濟增長理論進行了系統(tǒng)回顧，對十幾年來我國土地利用的現(xiàn)狀進行分析總結(jié)，為實證分析城市土地要素在經(jīng)濟增長中的貢獻奠定堅實的理論基礎(chǔ)和現(xiàn)實背景。首先，本文選取1995—2011年的全國數(shù)據(jù)，運用計量分析工具對城市土地要素在經(jīng)濟增長中的貢獻進行分析，結(jié)果表明經(jīng)濟增長與資本、勞動力、土地要素之間存在長期均衡關(guān)系，并得出大規(guī)模的土地要素投入在經(jīng)濟增長做出了突出貢獻，，其貢獻率達到了13.92%。然后，運用同時一時間段的省際面板數(shù)據(jù)，對我國土地要素在經(jīng)濟增長中的貢獻進行測算，其貢獻率達到了12.45%。對省市面板數(shù)據(jù)分東中西部分別測算土地要素貢獻率，測算結(jié)果分別為8.64%、25.64%、10.23%。其中，東部地區(qū)土地要素的貢獻率最小，但是東部地區(qū)的資本要素的貢獻最為突出，這與東部地區(qū)較高的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平是密不可分的；中部地區(qū)土地要素的貢獻率最大，且高達25.64%，其主要是由于經(jīng)濟增長過程中對土地要素的高依賴性造成的；西部地區(qū)土地要素的貢獻率居于中間位置，達到了10.23%，資本要素和政府政策的外力推動作用提升了土地要素在經(jīng)濟中的貢獻力水平。 對全國土地要素在經(jīng)濟增長中的貢獻水平研究，本文給出的對策建議為：合理規(guī)劃城市土地資源，實現(xiàn)土地的集約利用；加強城市土地的循環(huán)利用，提高土地的利用效率。面對我國各區(qū)域土地要素在經(jīng)濟增長中貢獻力水平的差異，本文所提出的對策建議是：合理規(guī)劃東部土地資源，盤活城市存量土地；推動中部地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，優(yōu)化用地結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)西部地區(qū)政策支撐、科學(xué)規(guī)劃，改善土地的利用效率。 。
[Abstract]:William and his brother put forward in 1662 that "land is the mother of wealth, labor is the father and dynamic factor of wealth". Ricardo also pointed out that land is one of the key factors in the theory of value. Thus, land elements play an irreplaceable role in human survival and social production. It is the material basis for human survival and development, the space and carrier of social economy, and provides land support for all activities. And with the progress of human society, the level of science and technology is constantly evolving. When the mainstream economists study economic growth and its influencing factors, the most important factors are capital, labor force and technological progress. Most of the studies are carried out around these three factors. Based on the developed market economy system, foreign countries take the land factor as an important index to calculate the economic contribution rate, but to take the contribution of the land factor into consideration in the capital element. However, as a developing country, the economic situation of China is still different from that of developed countries. These realistic background has aroused people's widespread concern. Therefore, this paper is devoted to study the contribution rate of urban land elements in economic growth in the process of industrialization and urbanization. This paper systematically reviews the theory of economic growth, analyzes and summarizes the present situation of land use in China in the past ten years, and lays a solid theoretical foundation and realistic background for the empirical analysis of the contribution of urban land elements to economic growth. First of all, this paper selects the national data from 1995 to 2011 to analyze the contribution of urban land elements in economic growth by means of econometric analysis. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between economic growth and capital, labor, and land elements. It is concluded that large scale input of land elements has made outstanding contribution to economic growth, and its contribution rate has reached 13.92%. Then, using inter-provincial panel data of a time period, the contribution of land elements in economic growth in China is measured, and the contribution rate reaches 12.45%. The contribution rate of land elements is calculated by dividing the provincial and municipal panel data into east, west and west, and the result is 8.64% 25.64% and 10.23% respectively. The contribution rate of land elements in the eastern region is the smallest, but the contribution of capital elements in the eastern region is the most prominent, which is closely related to the higher economic development level in the eastern region, and the contribution rate of the land elements in the central region is the largest. And as high as 25.64, which is mainly due to the high dependence on land elements in the process of economic growth, and the contribution rate of land elements in the western region is in the middle. At 10.23, the contribution of the land factor to the economy is enhanced by the external force of the capital factor and the government policy. Based on the study of the contribution level of the land elements in the national economic growth, the countermeasures and suggestions in this paper are as follows: rational planning of urban land resources, realizing intensive use of land, strengthening the recycling of urban land and improving the efficiency of land use. In the face of the difference in the contribution of land elements in different regions of China in the economic growth, the countermeasures put forward in this paper are: rationally planning the land resources in the east, activating the urban land stock, promoting the adjustment of the industrial structure in the central region, Optimize the structure of land use; according to the western region policy support, scientific planning, improve the efficiency of land use.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F301.2;F124.1

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