本文選題：經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量 + 成本　； 參考：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)高速發(fā)展,越來越多的國內(nèi)外專家、學(xué)者都開始關(guān)注中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的模式,稱中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展為中國奇跡,但這些溢美之言無法掩蓋經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展所帶來的環(huán)境污染、生產(chǎn)要素成本低估、各類社會(huì)不公等問題,這些社會(huì)及經(jīng)濟(jì)問題背后折射出我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式的弊端,因此本文嘗試從成本的視角來研究我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量。 按照波特的理論,一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展一般要經(jīng)歷四個(gè)階段,分別是要素驅(qū)動(dòng)、投資驅(qū)動(dòng)、創(chuàng)新改革驅(qū)動(dòng)以及財(cái)富驅(qū)動(dòng)等四個(gè)階段,我國目前的主要處于要素驅(qū)動(dòng)和投資驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的階段,該階段在短期內(nèi)可以對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)起到巨大的促進(jìn)作用,但從長期看并不具有可持續(xù)性。 本文主要是從當(dāng)前我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式所帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本、生態(tài)成本和社會(huì)成本等成本視角來綜合評(píng)價(jià)我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量。為求經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,全國各地的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展均向投資型發(fā)展模式看齊,地方政府四處招商引資,廉價(jià)出讓土地,這不僅剝奪了普通農(nóng)民真實(shí)的土地收益權(quán),更帶來了各種影響社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的群體性事件。在經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展中,尋租腐敗就像一顆毒瘤一樣侵蝕著整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng),因?yàn)樗坏簧a(chǎn)任何有價(jià)值的物品,而且還在耗費(fèi)社會(huì)中本應(yīng)投入生產(chǎn)的各種資源,這些被耗費(fèi)的資源本質(zhì)上是制度成本,并未被國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的GDP核算在內(nèi),自然影響到經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量的綜合評(píng)價(jià)。當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成為唯一目的,人們舍棄了清新的空氣、清澈的河水以及健康的食品等,這帶給普通民眾的則是霧霾奇襲、河流污染以及各種新型疾病的蔓延,而以溫室氣體大量排放為代表的環(huán)境成本從未被官方的GDP計(jì)算在內(nèi)。為了經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,在國家收入分配制度不完善的情形下,就會(huì)產(chǎn)生越發(fā)展越不公的收入分配局面,而且這樣的局面是全方位的,大到區(qū)域?qū)用妗⒅械匠青l(xiāng)之間、小到行業(yè)之間等均存在收入分配不公現(xiàn)象,這不僅不利于拉動(dòng)內(nèi)需,更會(huì)影響經(jīng)濟(jì)的均衡發(fā)展和社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,這樣的不公平問題應(yīng)被作為社會(huì)成本考量進(jìn)一個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)中。我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式伴隨著發(fā)展資金來源從單一到多方向的時(shí)期轉(zhuǎn)變；投資資金的來源也從既無外債也無內(nèi)債,到全面舉債和引進(jìn)外資轉(zhuǎn)變,這些資本既促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,也帶給人們更多關(guān)于真實(shí)國民財(cái)富的思考,引進(jìn)的外資如果只帶來污染而帶走的是他國的GNP,則不利于國民財(cái)富的積累。 本文研究了以上這些在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的隱性成本或未被核算成本,并認(rèn)為如果不核算這些成本將不能更客觀地衡量我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量。文章最后指出造成這些成本的根本原因是市場(chǎng)不完善和改革不到位。市場(chǎng)在環(huán)境污染、投資型發(fā)展模式等方面應(yīng)起決定性作用；通過深化制度改革以消除制度缺陷并達(dá)到收入分配的相對(duì)公平及對(duì)尋租的杜絕,唯此我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展才能更有質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous and rapid development of China's economy, more and more experts at home and abroad have begun to pay attention to the mode of China's economic development, and the rapid development of China's economy is the miracle of China. But these words can not cover up the environmental pollution caused by the rapid economic development, the cost of production is underestimated, and all kinds of social injustice are unequal. The problem, these social and economic problems reflect the disadvantages of our country's economic development model, so this paper tries to study the quality of our country's economic development from the perspective of cost.
According to Potter's theory, the economic development of an economy generally goes through four stages, which are factor driven, investment driven, innovation and reform drive and wealth driving. Our country is currently mainly in the stage of factor driven and investment driven economic growth. This stage can greatly promote the economy in the short term. It works, but it is not sustainable in the long run.
This article is mainly to evaluate the economic development quality of our country from the economic cost, the ecological cost and the social cost, which is brought by the current economic development model of our country. This not only deprives the ordinary farmers of the real land income rights, but also brings all kinds of mass events that affect social stability. In the rapid economic development, rent-seeking corruption is like a tumor that erodes the whole economic system, because it does not produce any valuable goods, but it also costs the society to invest in production. All kinds of resources, these consumed resources are essentially institutional costs, have not been accounted for by the GDP of the national economy, and naturally affect the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of economic development. When the economic development is the only purpose, people abandon the fresh air, clear river water and healthy food, which gives the ordinary people the haze surprise attack, River pollution and the spread of a variety of new diseases, and the environmental costs represented by a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions have never been calculated by the official GDP. For the rapid economic development, in the case of imperfect national income distribution system, the more and more unfair distribution situation will be produced, and this situation is all round. The unfairness of income distribution exists between the middle and the rural areas, between the urban and rural areas, from the small to the industry, which is not only harmful to the domestic demand, but also affects the balanced development of the economy and the stability of the society. This kind of unfair problem should be considered as the social cost into the quality evaluation of the economic development of a country. The model is accompanied by a transition from a single to a multidirectional period. The source of investment funds is also from neither foreign debt nor internal debt, to full debt and foreign investment, which not only promotes the rapid development of the economy, but also brings people more thoughts about the real wealth of the people, and the foreign investment introduced only brings pollution if it only brings pollution. And taking away the GNP of other countries is not conducive to the accumulation of national wealth.
In this paper, the recessive or non accounting costs in the process of economic development are studied, and it is believed that the quality of our economic development can not be measured more objectively without accounting for these costs. Finally, the article points out that the root cause of these costs is that the market is not perfect and the reform is not in place. The mode of capital development should play a decisive role. By deepening the reform of the system to eliminate the defects of the system and to achieve the relative equity of income distribution and the elimination of rent-seeking, only in this way can our economic development be more quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F124

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