本文選題：經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)狀　切入點：促進因素　出處：《鄭州大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：日本經(jīng)濟經(jīng)歷了超高速發(fā)展,但最近幾年日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展放緩。在日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展每個發(fā)展階段的發(fā)展狀況都是由其本身具有的特點決定的,其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的特點又取決于促進因素和制約因素,因此,研究日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的影響因素具有現(xiàn)實意義,這對于研究日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展狀況和未來趨勢具有重大意義,也對世界各國都具有極有價值的借鑒和警示作用。對日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的促進作用因素分析從投資、消費、跨國公司直接投資和科技四方面進行。由于跨國公司的直接投資并不計入國民收入,并且日本在此部分的收入相當重要,跨國公司的直接對外投資也對促進日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展有不容忽視的作用。同時,日本作為科學技術(shù)和教育投入領(lǐng)先世界的國家,其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展受科技投入和教育投入的絕對影響。當前日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展受多方面因素的限制,主要包括投資需求不足的限制、少子老齡化限制、制造業(yè)“加拉帕戈斯化”、政府債務(wù)危機及日元貶值、執(zhí)政能力以及政治限制五個制約因素。根據(jù)宏觀經(jīng)濟學的研究方法,從總供給和總需求兩個角度對日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的影響因素分別進行實證分析。首先從總供給角度進行分析。運用柯布道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)得出資金、勞動力對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的貢獻率,結(jié)果表明由于資本的邊際收益遞減以及日本經(jīng)濟長期處于“流動性偏好陷阱”資本對日本經(jīng)濟的拉動作用小于勞動力投入對經(jīng)濟的拉動作用。再從總需求角度進行分析。運用國民收入核算恒等式,對投資、消費、凈出口以及政府投入對國民經(jīng)濟的貢獻率進行估算,四方面因素對日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展都具有明顯的促進作用,而消費因素和政府投入因素對經(jīng)濟的帶動作用大于投資和凈出口的帶動作用。日本經(jīng)濟受2008年全球性經(jīng)濟危機的影響,在2009年在世界經(jīng)濟中的地位降落至世界第三的位置。日本在全球性經(jīng)濟危機之后長時期后勁不足,加之本國高失業(yè)率,通貨緊縮,產(chǎn)業(yè)空心化,日元連續(xù)貶值等問題日益突出,日本“后發(fā)優(yōu)勢”逐步喪失,未來日本經(jīng)濟回到GDP世界第二的位置難度較大。本文寫作的目的在于分析當前世界經(jīng)濟狀況以及日本在當今世界經(jīng)濟中的地位,根據(jù)已有資料總結(jié)出日本當前經(jīng)濟發(fā)展獨特優(yōu)勢以及面臨的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展困境,以研究影響日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的促進因素和制約因素。同時結(jié)合當前日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展面臨的國際環(huán)境,梳理出以美國為代表的發(fā)達國家和以中國為代表的發(fā)展中國家在當前日本經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中的作用,并對日本未來經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方向做出簡單預測。
[Abstract]:Japan's economy has experienced super-high growth, but in recent years Japan's economic growth has slowed.The state of development in each stage of Japan's economic development is determined by its own characteristics, and the characteristics of its economic development depend on the factors of promotion and constraints, therefore,It is of practical significance to study the influencing factors of Japan's economic development, which is of great significance to the study of Japan's economic development and future trends, and also has a valuable reference and warning function to all countries in the world.This paper analyzes the promoting factors of Japanese economic development from four aspects: investment, consumption, transnational corporation direct investment and science and technology.Since the direct investment of multinational corporations does not count into national income, and the income of Japan in this part is very important, the direct foreign investment of transnational corporations also plays an important role in promoting the development of Japanese economy.At the same time, as a leading country in science, technology and education, Japan's economic development is absolutely influenced by the investment of science and technology and education.At present, Japan's economic development is restricted by many factors, including the shortage of investment demand, the aging of minority children, the "Galapagos" of manufacturing industry, the government debt crisis and the depreciation of the yen.The governing ability and political restriction are five restrictive factors.According to the research methods of macroeconomics, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of Japanese economic development from the perspectives of total supply and total demand.First of all, from the point of view of the total supply of analysis.Using the Cobb Douglas production function to derive the contribution of capital and labor to economic development,The results show that due to the diminishing marginal return of capital and the fact that the Japanese economy has been in a "liquidity preference trap" for a long time, the pulling effect of capital on the Japanese economy is less than that of labor input.Then from the point of view of total demand analysis.Using the identity of national income accounting to estimate the contribution rate of investment, consumption, net export and government input to the national economy, four factors have obviously promoted the economic development of Japan.Consumption factor and government input factor have more driving effect on economy than investment and net export.Japan's economy, hit by the 2008 global economic crisis, fell to third place in the world economy in 2009.After the global economic crisis, Japan's lack of stamina for a long time, coupled with its high unemployment rate, deflation, industrial hollowing, and the continuous depreciation of the yen, are becoming increasingly prominent, and Japan's "late-development advantage" is gradually being lost.In the future, Japan's economy will be more difficult to return to the second place in the GDP world.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current world economic situation and Japan's position in the world economy, and sum up the unique advantages of Japan's current economic development and the economic development dilemma it faces.In order to study the impact of Japan's economic development factors and constraints.At the same time, according to the international environment facing Japan's economic development, the role of the developed countries represented by the United States and the developing countries represented by China in the current process of Japan's economic development has been sorted out.And to Japan's future economic development direction makes the simple forecast.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F131.3

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