本文選題：技術(shù)進(jìn)步　切入點(diǎn)：邊干邊學(xué)效應(yīng)　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)60年代以來,世界各國服務(wù)業(yè)繁榮發(fā)展,服務(wù)業(yè)成為了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的重心。由此也推動(dòng)了服務(wù)貿(mào)易在全球的迅猛發(fā)展,其已然成為繼貨物貿(mào)易和對外直接投資之外國際經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中的又一大核心內(nèi)容。以此背景,本文通過研究中國服務(wù)貿(mào)易的具體情況,深入剖析了技術(shù)進(jìn)步影響我國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的路徑。 首先,本文探討了國際貨物貿(mào)易理論在服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的適用性,回顧了有關(guān)服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)影響因素的文獻(xiàn),在眾多的影響因素中重點(diǎn)回顧了技術(shù)進(jìn)步這一因素對服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口的影響。接著,考察了我國服務(wù)業(yè)以及服務(wù)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,重點(diǎn)分析了我國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的情況,并與發(fā)達(dá)國家的服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了比較分析。然后,在靜態(tài)比較優(yōu)勢理論的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)造了兩個(gè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步影響服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)比較優(yōu)勢模型,詳細(xì)探討了技術(shù)進(jìn)步改變服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的路徑。最后,依托理論模型用中國的數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)證分析了技術(shù)模仿和技術(shù)外溢對我國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的影響機(jī)制和貢獻(xiàn)大小,進(jìn)而提出相關(guān)的政策建議。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中國服務(wù)業(yè)和服務(wù)貿(mào)易發(fā)展迅猛,從總量上看已是服務(wù)貿(mào)易大國,但從結(jié)構(gòu)上看稱不上服務(wù)貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國,出口結(jié)構(gòu)亟待改善。靜態(tài)比較優(yōu)勢模型證明了技術(shù)進(jìn)步是一國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的決定因素。動(dòng)態(tài)比較優(yōu)勢模型分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：“邊干邊學(xué)效應(yīng)”只能固化服務(wù)貿(mào)易的出口結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)展中國家將陷入“比較優(yōu)勢陷阱”。而“技術(shù)外溢效應(yīng)”使得發(fā)展中國家從國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易中獲得先進(jìn)技術(shù),不斷實(shí)現(xiàn)對發(fā)達(dá)國家的技術(shù)追趕。現(xiàn)實(shí)中,落后國家間的追趕存在差異,因此技術(shù)模仿效率的高低亦是影響一國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的重要因素。 實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),技術(shù)模仿和技術(shù)外溢都促進(jìn)了我國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化。且從長遠(yuǎn)來看,技術(shù)模仿的作用要比技術(shù)外溢作用顯著,即人力資本水平的提高要比外國在華投資差額的提高更能改善我國的服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)。 最后,提出了我國應(yīng)立足動(dòng)態(tài)比較優(yōu)勢理論、通過提升人力資本水平、加大招商引資和科技研發(fā)的力度等措施,以此促進(jìn)我國服務(wù)貿(mào)易出口結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Since the 1960s, the world's service industry has flourished and developed, and the service industry has become the focus of the world economy. This has also promoted the rapid development of service trade in the world. It has become another core content in international economic activities following the trade in goods and foreign direct investment. In this context, this paper studies the specific situation of China's trade in services. This paper deeply analyzes the way that technological progress affects the export structure of our country's service trade. First of all, this paper discusses the applicability of the theory of international trade in goods in the field of trade in services, and reviews the literature on the factors affecting the export structure of trade in services. This paper reviews the influence of technological progress on the export of service trade. Then, it reviews the current situation of China's service industry and service trade, and analyzes the export structure of China's service trade. Then, on the basis of static comparative advantage theory, two dynamic comparative advantage models are constructed to influence the export structure of service trade. Finally, based on the theoretical model, the paper empirically analyzes the influence mechanism and contribution of technology imitation and technology spillover on the export structure of China's service trade. Then put forward the relevant policy recommendations. The study found that China's service industry and trade in services have developed rapidly, and it has become a big country in service trade in terms of total amount, but it is not a powerful country in service trade from a structural point of view. The static comparative advantage model proves that technological progress is the decisive factor of a country's export structure of service trade. The dynamic comparative advantage model shows that "learning by doing" can only solidify the export structure of service trade. Developing countries will be caught in the "comparative advantage trap". And "technology spillover effect" will enable developing countries to acquire advanced technology from international trade in services and to continuously realize technological catch-up to developed countries. There are differences in catching up among backward countries, so the efficiency of technological imitation is also an important factor affecting the export structure of a country's service trade. The empirical results show that both technology imitation and technology spillover promote the optimization of export structure of China's service trade. In the long run, technology imitation plays a more important role than technology spillover. That is to say, the increase of human capital level can improve the export structure of China's service trade more than the increase of foreign investment balance in China. Finally, the paper puts forward that China should base itself on the theory of dynamic comparative advantage, and promote the continuous optimization of the export structure of China's service trade by raising the level of human capital, increasing the intensity of attracting investment and scientific and technological research and development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F752.68;F719;F124.3

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