本文選題：人力資本　切入點(diǎn)：企業(yè)創(chuàng)新　出處：《中國人口·資源與環(huán)境》2017年05期

【摘要】：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)長期向好的基本面雖未改變,但2010年以來經(jīng)濟(jì)增速不斷回落,一些阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的不利因素不斷積累,落入"中等收入陷阱"的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有所上升。揭示中等收入陷阱的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,顯然對(duì)于政府形成規(guī)避中等收入陷阱的有效政策具有重要意義。本文根據(jù)社會(huì)再生產(chǎn)理論,建立了"世代交疊"模型,對(duì)中等收入陷阱的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制作出理論解釋,并運(yùn)用中國1998—2014年各地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明:(1)人力資本積累和企業(yè)創(chuàng)新會(huì)在不同程度上促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長,并且二者存在協(xié)同效應(yīng);(2)上中等層次人力資本積累與企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的協(xié)同效應(yīng)可以帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長;(3)下中等層次人力資本與企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的協(xié)同效應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的作用不顯著。這意味著現(xiàn)階段中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不僅應(yīng)注重人力資本量的積累,更要保證質(zhì)的提升�；诖�,應(yīng)從下三個(gè)方面著手推動(dòng)中國經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)中高速增長:(1)著力提升科技創(chuàng)新能力,科學(xué)構(gòu)建產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)法律體系,促進(jìn)形成企業(yè)家倡導(dǎo)企業(yè)科研創(chuàng)新的機(jī)制,激發(fā)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的主觀能動(dòng)性,維護(hù)創(chuàng)新企業(yè)對(duì)于運(yùn)用和轉(zhuǎn)讓科研成果的合法權(quán)益;(2)著力培育高素質(zhì)人才的教育體系,穩(wěn)步提升高等教育入學(xué)率和辦學(xué)質(zhì)量,鼓勵(lì)教育培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)適度創(chuàng)新,推動(dòng)培訓(xùn)方式項(xiàng)目化,針對(duì)崗位需求擴(kuò)充勞動(dòng)者知識(shí)和技術(shù)儲(chǔ)備;(3)著力降低初中及以下人口的規(guī)模與比例,延長義務(wù)教育年限,鼓勵(lì)優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源向不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)適度轉(zhuǎn)移,關(guān)注偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)貧困人群的入學(xué)情況,努力為窮人提供公平發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。
[Abstract]:Although the fundamentals of China's economy have not changed for a long time, the growth rate of the Chinese economy has been declining since 2010, and some unfavorable factors that hinder the sustainable development of the economy have been accumulating. The risk of falling into the middle income trap has increased. It is of great significance for the government to form an effective policy to avoid the middle income trap. According to the theory of social reproduction, it is of great significance to reveal the mechanism of the middle income trap. In this paper, the "overlapping generations" model is established to explain the mechanism of the middle-income trap in theory, and it is verified by using the regional economic data of China from 1998 to 2014. The results show that human capital accumulation and enterprise innovation can promote economic growth in varying degrees. The synergistic effect of human capital accumulation and enterprise innovation on the middle level can promote economic growth. (3) the synergy effect between medium level human capital and enterprise innovation has no obvious effect on economic growth. This means that at this stage, China's economic development should not only focus on the accumulation of human capital, Based on this, we should start from the following three aspects to promote China's economy to achieve high speed growth: 1) strive to enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation, and scientifically build a legal system for property rights protection. To promote the formation of a mechanism for entrepreneurs to advocate scientific research and innovation in enterprises, to stimulate the subjective initiative of enterprises in innovation, and to safeguard the legal rights and interests of innovative enterprises in the use and transfer of scientific research achievements. We will steadily improve the enrollment rate and the quality of higher education, encourage educational and training institutions to innovate moderately, promote project-based training methods, and expand the knowledge and technical reserves of workers to meet the job demand.) We will strive to reduce the scale and proportion of the population in junior middle schools and below. We should extend the number of years of compulsory education, encourage the appropriate transfer of high-quality educational resources to underdeveloped areas, pay attention to the enrolment of poor people in remote areas, and strive to provide the poor with opportunities for equitable development.
【作者單位】： 首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社科基金項(xiàng)目“非法非正常收入形成的博弈機(jī)理及其對(duì)國民收入分配格局的影響研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):13BJL033) 北京市人才強(qiáng)教“長城學(xué)者”培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃 首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)科研創(chuàng)新重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F249.2;F273.1

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本文編號(hào)：1697587