發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-18 08:01

  本文選題：能源消耗　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境約束　出處：《新疆財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：不同的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)能源消耗和環(huán)境污染有著很大的差異，因此，一個(gè)國家或地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的質(zhì)量和持續(xù)性跟產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的合理與否有著直接的關(guān)系。資源為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，資源的開采和利用是以環(huán)境為依托的；隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，資源的稀缺、生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞以及環(huán)境承載能力的有限性都將對(duì)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有著重要的影響。因此，對(duì)于一個(gè)國家或地區(qū)而言，將能源與環(huán)境兩個(gè)因素納入到產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化研究中，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)與資源環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展目標(biāo)具有重要的實(shí)際意義。 新疆位于我國西部邊境地區(qū)，在我國西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略中占有重要的位置，同時(shí)也是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)西開放的橋頭堡和重要的能源戰(zhàn)略基地；在我國改革開放的三十多年來，新疆的經(jīng)濟(jì)雖然取得了舉世矚目的成就，但是在新疆長(zhǎng)期的建設(shè)中形成的以資源產(chǎn)業(yè)為主的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，并且長(zhǎng)期保持這種粗放型的增長(zhǎng)方式，因此，在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)過程中必然帶來嚴(yán)重的資源環(huán)境問題。雖然新疆有著豐富的自然資源，但是地處我國西部邊陲地區(qū)的新疆生態(tài)環(huán)境比較脆弱，自然資源的開采給當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境帶來了破壞。并且隨著新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，新疆能源消費(fèi)快速增加，從近幾年新疆的能源平衡表中也可以看出，新疆的能源開始出現(xiàn)赤字；對(duì)資源環(huán)境的無限需求與資源環(huán)境本身的承載能力有限之間的矛盾成為資源環(huán)境約束存在的主要原因。因此，在嚴(yán)峻的能源環(huán)境問題上，國家和地方都提出了節(jié)能減排的目標(biāo)。新疆“十二五”規(guī)劃綱要指出發(fā)展目標(biāo)，全區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)10%以上①，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)更趨合理，，三次產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展質(zhì)量和水平顯著提高，資源利用效率明顯提高，有效控制萬元生產(chǎn)總值能耗，促使新疆健康有序的快速發(fā)展。 本文對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的研究是在能源和環(huán)境兩個(gè)約束條件下來進(jìn)行的。在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論和節(jié)能減排等相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)新疆產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化進(jìn)行研究。本文作了如下安排：在第三章，首先對(duì)新疆產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)近些年來新疆產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)不斷調(diào)整狀態(tài)，但是與全國相比層次還比較低，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)呈重型化趨勢(shì)。然后對(duì)新疆產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整對(duì)能源消費(fèi)的影響效應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)新疆能源消費(fèi)總量呈快速增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)，能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)比較單一，主要以煤炭消費(fèi)為主；從新疆能源消費(fèi)與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的協(xié)整關(guān)系來看，二者之間有著長(zhǎng)期的協(xié)整關(guān)系，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化會(huì)直接影響能源消費(fèi)的變化；最后通過對(duì)環(huán)境與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)證結(jié)果可以看出，新疆的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整與環(huán)境污染物的排放存在著長(zhǎng)期的協(xié)整關(guān)系；初步得出結(jié)論：能源消費(fèi)和環(huán)境污染物的排放的控制可以通過產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整來實(shí)現(xiàn)。通過第三章的分析得出的初步結(jié)論是通過三次產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)能源消費(fèi)和環(huán)境污染物排放的控制，在本文的第四章對(duì)能源與環(huán)境約束下新疆產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)模擬分析。主要是通過構(gòu)建多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃模型，定量的分析如何通過調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施來實(shí)現(xiàn)新疆的經(jīng)濟(jì)與能源環(huán)境持續(xù)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。 實(shí)證結(jié)果顯示，新疆目前產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化方向是要依托區(qū)域的資源優(yōu)勢(shì)，延伸主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，在提升產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的同時(shí)，提高產(chǎn)品的附加值，降低能源消耗和環(huán)境污染。需要重點(diǎn)發(fā)展的行業(yè)有石油和天然氣開采業(yè)、電力熱力的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)、化學(xué)工業(yè)、和食品制造和煙草加工；需要鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展的行業(yè)通用專用設(shè)備制造業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸設(shè)備制造業(yè)、電氣機(jī)械及器材制造業(yè)、通信設(shè)備、計(jì)算機(jī)及其他電子設(shè)備制造業(yè)、紡織業(yè)和紡織服裝鞋帽皮革羽絨服及其制品業(yè)；需要控制發(fā)展的行業(yè)是煤炭開采和洗選業(yè)、金屬制品業(yè)和其他行業(yè)；需要限制發(fā)展的行業(yè)是金屬礦采選業(yè)、非金屬礦及其他礦采選業(yè)、非金屬礦制品業(yè)、金屬冶煉及壓延加工業(yè)、工藝品及其他制造業(yè)。最后，對(duì)新疆產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提出建議。
[Abstract]:The different industrial structure on energy consumption and environmental pollution have great differences, therefore, the quality of economic growth of a country or region and persistent with reasonable industrial structure has a direct relationship with not. Resources provide the material basis for economic development, resource exploitation and utilization is attached on the environment; with the development of economy, the scarcity of resources, destruction of the ecological environment and the limited capacity of the environment will have on China's economic development has an important influence. Therefore, for a country or region, the energy and environment two factors into the optimization of industrial structure, to achieve the coordinated development of economy resources and environment has important practical significance.
Xinjiang is located in the border area of Western China, occupies an important position in China's western development strategy, is also China's economic opening to the west of the bridgehead and the important strategic energy base; reform and opening up in China for over thirty years, Xinjiang's economy has made remarkable achievements, but the formation of a long period in Xinjiang the construction of the resource industries dominated the industrial structure, and to maintain the long-term extensive growth mode, therefore, in the process of economic growth will inevitably bring about serious environmental problems. Although Xinjiang is rich in natural resources, but the ecological environment of Xinjiang is located in the western border area of our country is relatively fragile, natural resources the mining brings damage to the local environment. And with the economic development of Xinjiang, Xinjiang energy consumption increased rapidly in recent years, Xinjiang's energy balance sheet can be seen, Xinjiang energy began to appear on the resource environment deficit; unlimited demand of resources and environment carrying capacity is limited between the contradiction itself has become the main reason for the existence of constraints of resources and environment. Therefore, in serious energy environmental problems, national and local have proposed energy-saving emission reduction targets in Xinjiang. The "12th Five-Year" plan pointed out that the development target. The average annual GDP growth of more than 10%, more reasonable industrial structure, three industrial development quality and level increased significantly, improved resource utilization efficiency, effective control of yuan GDP energy consumption, promote the rapid development of Xinjiang healthy and orderly.
This paper is under the two constraints of energy and Environment Research on industrial structure optimization. In the theory of industrial structure, based on the theory of sustainable development and energy conservation and other related theories, the study on the optimization of industrial structure in Xinjiang. This paper is as follows: in the third chapter, firstly analyzes the current situation of Xinjiang industrial structure in recent years, found that the industrial structure of Xinjiang has continued to adjust the state, but compared with the national level is still relatively low, the industrial structure is heavy trend. Then adjusting the industrial structure of Xinjiang on the impact of energy consumption efficiency should be analyzed, found that the total energy consumption of Xinjiang showed a trend of rapid growth, the energy consumption structure is relatively simple, mainly in coal consumption mainly from the whole; the relationship between energy consumption and industrial structure of Xinjiang Association, has a long-term cointegration relationship between the two, the change of industrial structure will be straight The influence of the change of energy consumption; finally, based on the empirical environment and industrial structure. The results showed that the Xinjiang industrial structure adjustment and environmental pollutant emissions have a long-run cointegration relationship; a preliminary conclusion: the control of energy consumption and environmental emissions of pollutants can be achieved through the adjustment of industrial structure. Through the analysis of the preliminary conclusion the third chapter is drawn by three times the adjustment of the industrial structure can control the emission of energy consumption and environmental pollution, in the fourth chapter of the energy and environmental constraints of the adjustment of industrial structure in Xinjiang. Dynamic simulation analysis is carried out mainly through constructing the multi-objective programming model, quantitative analysis of how to implement the adjustment of industrial structure the strategy to achieve sustained and coordinated development of economy and energy and the environment in Xinjiang.
The empirical results show that the current Xinjiang industrial structure optimization direction is to rely on regional resources, extension of the leading industry in the industrial chain, improve the competitiveness of the industry at the same time, increase the added value of products, reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. The need to focus on the development of the industry of petroleum and natural gas industry, electricity and heat production and supply industry, chemical industry, and food manufacturing and tobacco processing; to encourage the development of industry in general and special equipment manufacturing, transportation equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, textile industry and textile, leather jacket and its products need to control the development of industry; the industry is coal mining and washing industry, metal products industry and other industries; the need to restrict the development of the industry is the metal mining industry, non-metallic mineral and other mining Industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, metal smelting and calendering processing industry, handicraft and other manufacturing industries. Finally, suggestions on the optimization of industrial structure in Xinjiang are put forward.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F127

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