本文選題：房價(jià)波動(dòng)　切入點(diǎn)：貧富差距　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：住房體制改革以來，我國改變了過去的住房實(shí)物分配制度，實(shí)行住房分配的市場化和貨幣化。這一改革措施推動(dòng)了我國房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，成為帶動(dòng)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。與此同時(shí)，以土地為首的相關(guān)生產(chǎn)要素開始變得稀缺，，生產(chǎn)要素的稀缺性與投資性使房產(chǎn)處于供不應(yīng)求的狀態(tài)。2014以前，我國各地房價(jià)普遍上漲，部分城市的房價(jià)漲幅在通貨膨脹背景下逐漸偏離理性增長區(qū)間。過高的房價(jià)使大部分居民“望樓興嘆”，同時(shí)，由于投資渠道有限和通貨膨脹的存在，中低收入階層的買房愿望已越來越難以實(shí)現(xiàn)。相比中低收入階層而言，高收入階層由于資本充足，投資渠道豐富，能有效進(jìn)入房地產(chǎn)市場，獲取房價(jià)上漲滋生的資產(chǎn)性收益，不同收入階層的貧富差距由于房地產(chǎn)財(cái)富效應(yīng)的存在而逐漸拉大。 本文著重從區(qū)際差異化的角度來分析我國房價(jià)波動(dòng)對(duì)貧富差距的影響，全文把我國各省份和地區(qū)按地理位置的不同分成了東、中、西三個(gè)部分，分別研究每個(gè)地區(qū)的房價(jià)波動(dòng)對(duì)貧富差距的影響關(guān)系及程度。首先，文章簡單描述了我國目前房價(jià)波動(dòng)區(qū)域差異的現(xiàn)狀及其原因，以及貧富差距區(qū)域化的現(xiàn)狀和原因，并對(duì)房價(jià)波動(dòng)如何影響貧富差距進(jìn)行了理論分析。其次從房地產(chǎn)財(cái)富效應(yīng)、信貸效應(yīng)、通貨膨脹效應(yīng)、國家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策調(diào)控、房屋流通市場以及城市化進(jìn)程這六個(gè)方面來分析房價(jià)波動(dòng)對(duì)貧富差距影響的傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制。在實(shí)證研究方面，首先，本文使用胡祖光的基尼系數(shù)簡易計(jì)算方法作為本文測算各省份和地區(qū)基尼系數(shù)的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)算法，計(jì)算出了我國28個(gè)省份的2003年到2012年的基尼系數(shù)。同時(shí)收集了這28個(gè)省份和地區(qū)2003年到2012年的城鎮(zhèn)商品房均價(jià)和城市居民人均可支配收入的數(shù)據(jù)，運(yùn)用EVIEWS6.0軟件對(duì)三個(gè)地區(qū)的房價(jià)和基尼系數(shù)進(jìn)了單位根檢驗(yàn)、面板協(xié)整檢驗(yàn)、格蘭杰檢驗(yàn)以及固定效應(yīng)和隨機(jī)效應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)。文章最后根據(jù)相關(guān)理論分析和實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果，從四個(gè)方面提出了相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform of the housing system, our country has changed the housing distribution system in the past and implemented the marketization and monetization of housing distribution. This reform has promoted the rapid development of the real estate industry in our country. At the same time, the related factors of production, led by land, began to become scarce, and the scarcity and investment of production factors made the real estate in a state where supply was short of supply before 2014. Housing prices in various parts of our country have generally risen. In some cities, the rise in house prices has gradually deviated from the rational growth range under the background of inflation. The excessive housing prices have made most residents "look forward to buildings". At the same time, due to the limited investment channels and the existence of inflation, It is becoming increasingly difficult for the low- and middle-income class to buy a house. Compared with the low- and middle-income class, the high-income class, with sufficient capital and abundant investment channels, can effectively enter the real estate market and obtain the asset income generated by the rise in house prices. The gap between the rich and the poor of different income class is gradually enlarged by the existence of real estate wealth effect. This paper analyzes the impact of the fluctuation of house price on the gap between the rich and the poor from the perspective of regional differentiation. The full text divides the provinces and regions of our country into three parts according to their geographical position: east, middle and west. First of all, the paper briefly describes the current situation and reasons of the regional difference of house price fluctuation in China, as well as the present situation and reasons of the regionalization of the gap between the rich and the poor. And how the fluctuation of house prices affects the gap between rich and poor is theoretically analyzed. Secondly, from the real estate wealth effect, credit effect, inflation effect, national macroeconomic policy control, Housing circulation market and urbanization process to analyze the impact of housing price fluctuations on the transmission mechanism of the gap between rich and poor. In this paper, Hu Zuguang's simple calculation method of Gini coefficient is used as the sole standard algorithm for calculating the Gini coefficient in all provinces and regions. The Gini coefficient of 28 provinces in China from 2003 to 2012 is calculated, and the data of the average price of urban commercial housing and the per capita disposable income of urban residents in these 28 provinces and regions from 2003 to 2003 are collected. The paper applies EVIEWS6.0 software to the unit root test, panel cointegration test, Granger test and fixed effect and random effect test for house price and Gini coefficient in three regions. Some policy suggestions are put forward from four aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F299.23;F124.7

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