本文關(guān)鍵詞： 人口 資源環(huán)境 經(jīng)濟(jì) 協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 主成分分析法 隸屬度函數(shù) 山西省　出處：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,我國社會(huì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的歷史階段。然而,長期以來我國傳統(tǒng)的以物質(zhì)資源消耗帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的模式,片面追求高產(chǎn)值的畸形發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了人與自然關(guān)系的逐漸失衡,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展賴以生存的自然資源正走向枯竭之路。黨的十八大報(bào)告將生態(tài)文明建設(shè)置于與經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)和社會(huì)建設(shè)同等重要地位,提倡要尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然的生態(tài)文明理念。從人口、資源與環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度講,建設(shè)生態(tài)文明就是要協(xié)調(diào)人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)之間的關(guān)系。山西省以資源型經(jīng)濟(jì)為主,長期依靠煤炭開發(fā)和資源型產(chǎn)業(yè)帶動(dòng)工業(yè)化發(fā)展,但這種高能耗、高污染的粗放型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展道路,使得山西省原本脆弱的環(huán)境遭到破壞。同時(shí),人力資本后備不足嚴(yán)重影響了山西省高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化升級進(jìn)程。正確認(rèn)識人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)之間的相互協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制與發(fā)展水平,可為山西省的戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展提供重要的依據(jù)。本文依托可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展理論、生態(tài)倫理學(xué)理論,對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行闡述,并分析山西省人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)科學(xué)性、系統(tǒng)性、區(qū)域性等原則,構(gòu)建了適用于山西省人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展評價(jià)的指標(biāo)體系,運(yùn)用主成分分析法,對山西省2004年至2014年人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)綜合發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行了計(jì)算與分析。繼而,基于2004-2014年人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)綜合發(fā)展指數(shù),運(yùn)用隸屬度函數(shù)模型,對2004-2014年山西省人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行了評價(jià)。同時(shí),利用2012-2014年數(shù)據(jù)對山西省十一個(gè)地市人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),對山西省各地市人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行了對比與分析。研究結(jié)果表明山西省人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展存在如下問題:(1)山西省產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)單一,對資源的過度依賴使得山西省經(jīng)濟(jì)抵御市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力低,人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的穩(wěn)定性差;(2)資源性產(chǎn)業(yè)主導(dǎo)下的山西省資源環(huán)境與人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展矛盾突出,資源環(huán)境發(fā)展相對滯后;(3)人口老齡化加劇,人口紅利問題初顯;(4)人力資本后備不足,科技創(chuàng)新人才缺乏;(5)與全國人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)綜合發(fā)展平均水平相比,目前山西省人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)仍屬于粗放型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式下的低水平協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展;(6)山西省各地區(qū)發(fā)展不平衡,人口、資源環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)各系統(tǒng)間協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展水平差異顯著。針對目前山西省人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展中存在的問題,本文提出實(shí)現(xiàn)山西省人口、資源環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的對策建議:加快轉(zhuǎn)型優(yōu)化升級,完善產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu);加快對煤炭行業(yè)的整合、大力發(fā)展新能源和新材料產(chǎn)業(yè)、大力培育發(fā)展現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè);加強(qiáng)節(jié)能降耗和環(huán)境治理力度,積極推進(jìn)山西省綠色發(fā)展;加強(qiáng)科技經(jīng)費(fèi)投入,鼓勵(lì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新;從多視角應(yīng)對人口老齡化問題,提升人力資本;加強(qiáng)區(qū)域合作,縮小區(qū)域綜合發(fā)展水平差距等。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy, China's social development has entered a new historical stage. However, the traditional consumption of material resources to promote economic growth, abnormal development of one-sided pursuit of high value gradually led to the imbalance of the relationship between man and nature, the survival of the natural economic development resources are being exhausted way. The eighteen Party's report will be placed on the construction of ecological civilization and economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction are equally important position, advocated respect for nature, comply with nature, protecting the natural ecological civilization concept. From the perspective of population, resources and environmental economics, the construction of ecological civilization is to coordinate the relationship between population, resource environment and economy in Shanxi province. Based on resource based economy, relying on coal resources industry development and industrialization development, but this kind of energy Consumption, extensive economic development and high pollution, the Shanxi Province, the fragile environment is destroyed. At the same time, human capital reserve shortage has seriously affected the optimization and upgrading of Shanxi Province high-tech industry development and industrial structure in the process. The correct understanding of population, resources and environment, the coordination mechanism and economic development level between, can provide an important basis for the strategic development of Shanxi province. Based on the theory of sustainable development, coordinated development theory, the theory of ecological ethics, research progress at home and abroad are described, and the analysis of Shanxi province population, resources and environment, the current situation of the development of the economy. On this basis, according to scientific, systematic, regional principle, construction for the population in Shanxi Province, the evaluation index system of resources environment and economy coordinated development, the use of principal component analysis in Shanxi province from 2004 to 2014 the population, resources and environment, the Comprehensive economic development level is calculated and analyzed. Then, based on 2004-2014 years of population, resources and environment, economic development index, using the membership function model for 2004-2014 years, the population in Shanxi Province, the level of coordinated development of economy and environment resources are evaluated. At the same time, using 2012-2014 years of data on eleven city population, Shanxi resources and environmental indicators, economic data of Shanxi province population, the status of the coordinated development of economy and environment resources are compared and analyzed. The results show that Shanxi province population, resources environment and economy coordinated development has the following problems: (1) Shanxi Province, the industrial structure of a single, over reliance on resources makes the ability of Shanxi the provincial economy to resist market risk is low, the stability of the coordinated development of population, resources and environment and economic difference; (2) resource under the leading industry of Shanxi province population resources environment and economic development. The contradiction between resources and environment, development lags behind; (3) the aging population, the demographic dividend paying problem; (4) human capital reserve is insufficient, lack of innovation talents of science and technology; (5) and the national population, resources and environment, economic development compared to average level, at present Shanxi Province population, resources environment and economy is still low the level of the coordinated development of the extensive mode of economic development; (6) the area of Shanxi Province, the unbalanced development of population, resources, environment and economy coordinated development level between each system significantly. At present the population in Shanxi Province, there is the coordinated development of economy and environment resources, this paper presents the implementation of population in Shanxi Province, countermeasures and suggestions of resources the sustainable development of environment and economy, accelerate the transformation and upgrading, improve the industrial structure; accelerate the integration of the coal industry, vigorously develop new energy and new materials industry, vigorously foster the development of modern service industry; and We must vigorously promote the green development of Shanxi province by strengthening energy conservation, reducing consumption and environmental governance, strengthening investment in science and technology, encouraging technological innovation, coping with population aging from multiple perspectives, enhancing human capital, strengthening regional cooperation and narrowing the gap of regional comprehensive development.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F127

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