本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的我國居民貧富差距問題探析　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：在中國發(fā)展成為全球第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體的歷程中,經(jīng)濟(jì)處于長期的增長通道,而增長的很大動(dòng)力是依靠重型化投資,財(cái)富的增長與通貨膨脹并生。也就是說當(dāng)財(cái)富擁有量增多的同時(shí),由于通脹的影響,要增加自己的實(shí)際財(cái)富累積就必須運(yùn)用貨幣的杠桿效應(yīng)。當(dāng)貨幣的杠桿效應(yīng)被激活之后,個(gè)人的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入在家庭收入中的比重就會(huì)增加,而這一比重正是從工薪階層向中產(chǎn)階層遞進(jìn)的臺(tái)階,而增加的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入就是縮小貧富懸殊最關(guān)鍵的環(huán)節(jié)。在城鄉(xiāng)居民從2010年到2014年的收入呈現(xiàn)逐年增加并差距縮小的態(tài)勢(shì)背景下,從十七大報(bào)告中首次提出“創(chuàng)造條件讓更多群眾擁有財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入”到“十三五”規(guī)劃建議提出“多渠道增加居民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入”以來,雖然城鄉(xiāng)居民的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入比重皆有所增加,但兩者之間差距從2000年到2012年僅從2.9倍降至2.8倍。在居民財(cái)產(chǎn)分布差距的擴(kuò)大速度快于居民收入差距的擴(kuò)大速度之下,目前貧富分化最主要的原因之一就是由財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換為財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的差距在拉大,而縮小貧富差距需要致力于增加中等階層所占的比重。根據(jù)2016年度《中國城市競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力報(bào)告》中顯示,從規(guī)模分布上看,中國已初步顯現(xiàn)出大城市和小城鎮(zhèn)“兩頭大”、中與小城市“中間小”的“啞鈴型”規(guī)模體系,而轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽罡豁敹思彝ズ妥钬毜讓蛹彝?shù)量的相對(duì)少數(shù)、中等階層居民家庭數(shù)量占較大比重的“橄欖型”社會(huì)階層結(jié)構(gòu),這才是構(gòu)成和諧社會(huì)未來的方向和希望。本文從擁有財(cái)產(chǎn)基數(shù)的不均衡狀況、融入資本市場(chǎng)的途徑和居民個(gè)人投資理財(cái)?shù)姆A賦能力方面著手分析由于財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的差距進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致了貧富分化的加劇。分析發(fā)現(xiàn),大多數(shù)人把貧富差距與收入差距絕對(duì)等同起來,但現(xiàn)實(shí)中,人們?cè)谪?cái)產(chǎn)基數(shù)擁有量和財(cái)產(chǎn)分布方面的差距同樣也是貧富差距狀況受到衡量的重要指標(biāo),因?yàn)楂@得財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入需要有一定的財(cái)產(chǎn)積累作為基礎(chǔ),但是由于財(cái)產(chǎn)基礎(chǔ)參差,其中最重要的房屋價(jià)值就受到地域差異的限制,比如房屋買賣市場(chǎng)和房屋租賃市場(chǎng);接著由于資本市場(chǎng)的不完善,投資渠道單一、狹窄,城鄉(xiāng)居民融入資本市場(chǎng)的契合度不同,只能集中在樓市和股市,而未能開拓新的投資渠道;然后進(jìn)一步分析由于居民未能把握新金融時(shí)代的特征,未能積極主動(dòng)的與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代的金融產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行接觸與了解,這些藩籬也讓財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入的差距難以有顯著突破;最后是由于居民之間投資能力差距和由教育水平的差距導(dǎo)致或者影響了就業(yè)的層次,也影響了投資和生活的圈層,更為嚴(yán)重的是這些差距會(huì)繼而再次傳導(dǎo)到下一代,形成一個(gè)惡性循環(huán),未來機(jī)會(huì)的公平會(huì)比眼前的收入分配的公平更加重要�；谝陨系睦碚摵蛯�(shí)證分析,本文從理順分配關(guān)系、縮小財(cái)產(chǎn)占有主要應(yīng)該提高相對(duì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平;拓寬民眾資本市場(chǎng)化的投資理財(cái)渠道;增強(qiáng)個(gè)人投資理財(cái)能力、加大對(duì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的金融素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng),從而扭轉(zhuǎn)貧富差距的代際傳遞趨勢(shì)三個(gè)角度,提議增加居民的財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入進(jìn)而對(duì)貧富差距懸殊有所改善的對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:In the Chinese history as the world's second largest economy, economic growth in the long term channel, great power and growth is to rely on heavy investment, growth and inflation and wealth. That is to say when the wealth has increased at the same time, due to the impact of inflation, to increase their wealth accumulation must use leverage money. When leverage money is activated, the proportion of personal property income in household income will increase, and this proportion is from the working-class to middle-class progressive steps, and the increased property income is to narrow the disparity between the rich and the most key link shows from 2010 to 2014. The income of urban and rural residents has increased year by year and narrowing the gap between the situation background, from the report of the 17th National Congress was first proposed to create conditions to allow more people to own property income "" 13th Five-Year "planning proposal" to increase residents' property income channels since, although the proportion of urban and rural residents property income have increased, but the gap between the two from 2000 to 2012 from 2.9 times to 2.8 times. In the expanding speed of residents property distribution gap under expand faster than the income gap, one of the the main reason is the differentiation between rich and poor by transfer of property into the property income gap is widening and narrowing the gap between rich and poor, need to increase the proportion of the middle class. According to the 2016 annual report of City Competitiveness Report Chinese < >, from the size distribution, China has shown big City and small town "two large and small city", "intermediate small" "dumbbell" scale system, and transformed into the most top family and relatively few number of most poor families in the bottom, middle class The number of households accounted for a larger proportion of the olive social structure, which is composed of a harmonious society and the hope of the future direction. The imbalance in the property base, into the capital market channels and residents of personal finance and investment ability to analyze the endowment of the property income gap between the rich and the poor and then lead to differentiation. Analysis shows that most people think of the gap between rich and poor and the income gap is equal, but in reality, people ownership and property distribution gaps in property base is also the gap between the rich and the poor situation is an important indicator to measure, because the acquisition of property income to a certain property accumulation as a basis, but because the property foundation students'rooms, one of the most important value of the house by the regional restrictions, such as the sale of housing market and housing rental market; followed by. The market is not perfect, the investment channels for a single, narrow, urban and rural residents into the capital market fit, focused only on the property market and the stock market, but failed to open up new investment channels; and then further analysis because residents are unable to grasp the characteristics of the new era of financial, not actively with the age of the Internet financial products in contact with understanding these barriers, also let the property income gap is a significant breakthrough; finally is because residents between the investment gap and ability caused by the gap between the level of education or affect the level of employment, also affects the investment and life circle, the more serious is that the gap will further transfer to the next generation, formation a vicious spiral, the future will be more important than the fair income distribution in front of the fair. Based on the above theoretical and empirical analysis, this article straightens out the relationship between the distribution of narrow The main property should raise the level of economic development is relatively less developed areas; broaden the public capital market investment and financing channels; strengthen personal finance and investment capacity, increase underdevelopedareas financial literacy training, thus reversing the intergenerational gap between the rich and the three aspects of transfer trend, countermeasure proposal to increase residents' property income and the gap between rich and poor improved.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7

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7 鄂t，

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