【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)進(jìn)入快速城鎮(zhèn)化時(shí)期,在推動(dòng)了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的同時(shí),也不可避免地引發(fā)了城市景觀格局和生態(tài)過(guò)程的變化,產(chǎn)生了一系列生態(tài)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的后果,嚴(yán)重地影響城市進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。從景觀生態(tài)學(xué)角度來(lái)看,城市所面臨的環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞、交通堵塞、熱島效應(yīng)等問(wèn)題,大多是由于城鎮(zhèn)景觀的組成、結(jié)構(gòu)和格局不合理,景觀要素間在結(jié)構(gòu)、功能和空間關(guān)系等方面不協(xié)調(diào)造成的。因此,研究小城鎮(zhèn)景觀結(jié)構(gòu)和生態(tài)功能特征,對(duì)于揭示景觀演替的機(jī)制和規(guī)律,預(yù)測(cè)城市復(fù)雜生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的演變趨勢(shì),建立可持續(xù)的城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展模式具有重要意義。 本文從景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的角度,通過(guò)比較不同景觀斑塊的特征和它們的變化等方式,研究景觀結(jié)構(gòu)組成特征和空間配置關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)景觀空間格局存在的問(wèn)題。采用文獻(xiàn)收集、實(shí)地調(diào)研、定量分析、空間疊加與軟件分析的研究方法和思路,對(duì)團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)資料進(jìn)行詳細(xì)匯總并進(jìn)行深入分析,為研究團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)景觀格局的優(yōu)化提供條件。 在景觀空間格局分析過(guò)程中,以團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)土地利用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),在GIS技術(shù)平臺(tái)的支持下,首先根據(jù)景觀分類(lèi)原則對(duì)土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖進(jìn)行重新分類(lèi),生成團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)的景觀斑塊類(lèi)型圖。然后通過(guò)運(yùn)用Fragstats軟件計(jì)算對(duì)團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)景觀空間結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行定量分析,根據(jù)量化數(shù)據(jù)總結(jié)景觀空間格局存在的問(wèn)題以及分析形成原因。 最后,在生態(tài)敏感性和生態(tài)適宜度評(píng)價(jià)分析結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)進(jìn)行生態(tài)功能分析,結(jié)合團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)總體規(guī)劃對(duì)土地類(lèi)型的整理以及產(chǎn)業(yè)功能布局的調(diào)整,進(jìn)行團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)景觀生態(tài)功能分區(qū)優(yōu)化以及景觀空間結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),使土地利用空間格局、自然生態(tài)環(huán)境與區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào),實(shí)現(xiàn)團(tuán)結(jié)鎮(zhèn)景觀空間格局優(yōu)化的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has entered a period of rapid urbanization, which not only promotes the rapid development of social economy, but also inevitably leads to the change of urban landscape pattern and ecological process, which has produced a series of ecological and social economic consequences. The further development of the city is seriously affected. From the point of view of landscape ecology, the environmental pollution, ecological destruction, traffic jam, heat island effect and other problems that cities face are mostly due to the composition, structure and pattern of urban landscape, and the structure of landscape elements. The function and the space relation and so on aspect does not coordinate causes. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the characteristics of landscape structure and ecological function of small towns in order to reveal the mechanism and law of landscape succession, predict the evolution trend of urban complex ecosystem, and establish a sustainable urbanization development model. From the point of view of landscape ecology, by comparing the characteristics of different landscape patches and their changes, this paper studies the relationship between the composition of landscape structure and spatial allocation, and finds out the problems of landscape spatial pattern. Based on the methods and ideas of literature collection, field investigation, quantitative analysis, spatial superposition and software analysis, the basic data of Tuanjie Town are summarized and analyzed in detail, which provides the conditions for the optimization of the landscape pattern of Tuanjie Town. In the process of landscape spatial pattern analysis, based on the data of land use database in Tuanjie Town, with the support of GIS technology platform, firstly, according to the principle of landscape classification, the land use status map is reclassified. Generate the landscape patch type map of Tuanjie Town. Then the landscape spatial structure of Tuanjie Town is quantitatively analyzed by using Fragstats software, and the problems existing in the landscape spatial pattern are summarized according to the quantitative data and the reasons for the formation are analyzed. Finally, on the basis of the results of ecological sensitivity and ecological suitability evaluation, this paper analyzes the ecological function of Tuanjie Town, and combines the overall planning of Tuanjie Town with the arrangement of land types and the adjustment of industrial function layout. In order to coordinate the land use spatial pattern, natural ecological environment and regional economic development, the optimization of landscape ecological function of Tuanjie Town and the design of landscape spatial structure are carried out, so as to realize the goal of optimizing the landscape spatial pattern of Tuanjie Town.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU984.1

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