【摘要】：民間借貸是我國(guó)金融市場(chǎng)的重要組成部分,其以旺盛的生命力有效地推動(dòng)了我國(guó)非國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,是一種對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)積極有效的融資機(jī)制。而民間借貸利率則是整個(gè)民間借貸市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵因素,亦是民間借貸體系的核心指標(biāo),因此正確地引導(dǎo)民間借貸的利率水平就至關(guān)重要。 然而,在民間借貸市場(chǎng)日益發(fā)展的今天,其利率管制上限標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍為1991年最高院制定的“四倍銀行同類(lèi)貸款利率”,這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從制定的科學(xué)性和運(yùn)行的有效性上都受到了一定的質(zhì)疑,亟待進(jìn)行修正。為此,本文以我國(guó)民間借貸利率管制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的重構(gòu)為主體,以實(shí)證為基礎(chǔ)探索民間借貸利率管制的合理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及修正建議。 具體而言,本文第一部分主要介紹民間借貸利率管制的基本理論。該部分首先對(duì)民間借貸利率的基本含義及重要性進(jìn)行論述,其次分別從法律的自由價(jià)值、經(jīng)濟(jì)效率價(jià)值、社會(huì)效率價(jià)值三個(gè)方面探討了利率管制的必要性,最后對(duì)域外和我國(guó)的民間借貸利率管制路徑進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析,并進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)直接設(shè)置上限標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是最為適宜我國(guó)的路徑,同時(shí)也指出,雖然在路徑上我國(guó)的管制方向基本合理,但標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的設(shè)定卻未能發(fā)揮有效的作用,需要進(jìn)一步修正。 第二部分是實(shí)證分析民間借貸的利率現(xiàn)狀及影響因素。該部分先梳理了影響民間借貸利率的理論因素,并提煉出九個(gè)理論上會(huì)影響民間借貸利率的指標(biāo),分別是借款主體、借款用途、借貸期限長(zhǎng)短、借款緊急程度、借款數(shù)額、正規(guī)金融貸款利率、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)程度以及物價(jià)指數(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,筆者對(duì)從判決書(shū)中提取的437樣本進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,通過(guò)一系列統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)了“四倍”管制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)確實(shí)與現(xiàn)實(shí)情況存在偏離,并進(jìn)一步證明實(shí)際借貸中只有借貸用途、借貸緊急程度和借款期限對(duì)民間借貸利率的影響較為顯著。 第三部分是民間借貸利率管制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的重構(gòu)。該部分以實(shí)證分析結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ),提出設(shè)定一個(gè)全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)通用的固定數(shù)值上限標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的管制路徑更為合理,在此前提下,筆者詳細(xì)論證了新的上限標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的選擇,在結(jié)合了平均借貸利率,80%分位數(shù)以及法律中的二八定理后,提出40%是較為適宜的上限標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 最后結(jié)語(yǔ)。該部分主要總結(jié)了全文的研究思想及存在的不足,并提出將量化方法運(yùn)用到法學(xué)研究中是一種嘗試,也希望本文所做的嘗試能為民間借貸利率的規(guī)制提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:Folk lending is an important part of Chinese financial market, which promotes the development of non-state-owned economy effectively with its vigorous vitality, and is an active and effective financing mechanism for China's economic growth. The private lending interest rate is the key factor of the operation of the whole private lending market and the core index of the private lending system, so it is very important to correctly guide the level of the private lending interest rate. However, with the development of the private lending market today, the upper limit of interest rate control is still "four times the interest rate of the same kind of bank loan" set by the Supreme Court in 1991. This standard has been questioned in terms of its scientific nature and operational effectiveness, and needs to be amended. Therefore, this paper takes the reconstruction of the regulation standard of the private lending interest rate as the main body, and explores the reasonable standard and the amendment suggestion of the private lending interest rate regulation on the basis of empirical evidence. Specifically, the first part of this paper mainly introduces the basic theory of private lending interest rate regulation. This part first discusses the basic meaning and importance of private lending interest rate, and then discusses the necessity of interest rate control from three aspects: the free value of law, the value of economic efficiency and the value of social efficiency. Finally, the paper makes a detailed analysis of the path of the non-government loan interest rate regulation abroad and our country, and further confirms that the direct upper limit standard is the most suitable path for our country, and also points out that although the control direction of our country is basically reasonable in the path, However, the standard setting has failed to play an effective role and needs further revision. The second part is the empirical analysis of private lending interest rate status and influencing factors. This part first combs the theoretical factors that affect the private lending rate, and abstracts nine theoretical indicators that will affect the private lending rate, namely, the main body of the loan, the purpose of the loan, the length of the loan period, the degree of urgency of the loan, and the amount of the loan. Formal financial lending rates, regional economic development and price index. On this basis, the author makes an empirical analysis of 437 samples extracted from the judgment. Through a series of statistical analysis, it is found that the "four times" standard of control really deviates from the actual situation. It is further proved that there is only loan use in the actual loan, and the degree of loan emergency and the loan term have a significant effect on the private lending interest rate. The third part is the reconstruction of private lending interest rate regulation standard. Based on the results of empirical analysis, this part proposes that it is more reasonable to set a nationwide fixed numerical upper limit standard. On this premise, the author demonstrates in detail the choice of a new upper limit standard. After combining the average lending rate, the 80 quartile and the two-eight theorem in the law, it is proposed that 40% is the more suitable upper limit standard. The final conclusion. This part mainly summarizes the research ideas and shortcomings of the full text, and puts forward that it is an attempt to apply the quantitative method to the legal research, and also hopes that the attempt made in this paper can provide a certain reference for the regulation of the private lending interest rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.28

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