【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)50年代企業(yè)孵化器概念誕生以來,經(jīng)過半個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展,企業(yè)孵化器已經(jīng)在全世界范圍內(nèi)得到快速的擴(kuò)張。尤其是近十幾年來在發(fā)展中國家的發(fā)展尤其如此,早在2007年,中國科技企業(yè)孵化器的數(shù)量已經(jīng)位居世界第二。作為國家和區(qū)域創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)的重要環(huán)節(jié),科技企業(yè)孵化器在創(chuàng)新型區(qū)域和創(chuàng)新型城市建設(shè)系統(tǒng)中的作用越來越重要。雖然學(xué)術(shù)界對企業(yè)孵化器開展了諸多研究,但是從不同層面對科技企業(yè)孵化器進(jìn)行研究卻很少。因此,深入探討中國科技企業(yè)孵化器各功能維度下的運(yùn)行效率及對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響具有重要的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值和實(shí)踐意義。 在科技企業(yè)孵化器相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)及理論闡釋的基礎(chǔ)上,本文將中國科技企業(yè)孵化器的演化劃分為四代和五個(gè)功能維度；運(yùn)用SFA方法分別測算出孵化器各功能維度的效率值,并進(jìn)行聚類分析；運(yùn)用SFA和ANOVA方法,從微觀層面的企業(yè)、中觀層面的孵化器和宏觀層面的區(qū)域?qū)π视绊懸蛩剡M(jìn)行分析。具體而言,企業(yè)層面,從危機(jī)管理(Crisis Management, CM)的視角來研究孵化器內(nèi)外部企業(yè)在產(chǎn)品傷害危機(jī)處理上的差異性；孵化器層面,將戰(zhàn)略性小生境管理(Strategic Niche Management, SNM)理論引入到孵化器概念當(dāng)中,探討孵化器管理者對效率的影響；區(qū)域?qū)用?基于外部性理論(Jacobs externality)探討了孵化器所在城市的外部性對效率的影響。最后,在新經(jīng)濟(jì)古典增長理論和內(nèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)增長理論的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用β分析方法探討科技企業(yè)孵化器對于區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)收斂性和區(qū)域創(chuàng)新水平收斂性的影響。 研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)中國科技企業(yè)孵化器的總體效率值偏低,其中在“孵化新創(chuàng)企業(yè)”和“振興區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)”兩個(gè)功能維度上的效率較高,而在“促進(jìn)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化”、“獲取盈利方面”和“增加區(qū)域就業(yè)”維度上的效率值偏低。(2)根據(jù)聚類分析結(jié)果,中國科技企業(yè)孵化器存在六種形態(tài)：創(chuàng)業(yè)導(dǎo)向型、經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)向型、創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)向型、盈利導(dǎo)向型、普遍高效型和普遍低效型。(3)孵化器內(nèi)部企業(yè)在處理產(chǎn)品傷害危機(jī)方面的能力比外部企業(yè)更強(qiáng),這類企業(yè)具備更強(qiáng)的生存能力,會對孵化器績效產(chǎn)生更大的積極影響。(4)孵化器管理者對孵化效率的影響較為復(fù)雜,其中孵化器管理者的內(nèi)外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建職能對創(chuàng)業(yè)效率、創(chuàng)新效率和盈利效率產(chǎn)生負(fù)影響,表明孵化器內(nèi)外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)并沒有發(fā)揮作用,反而成為Peters所稱之的“壞網(wǎng)絡(luò)”(bad networks);孵化器管理者的“學(xué)習(xí)”構(gòu)建職能中,管理服務(wù)對大多數(shù)效率有顯著性積極影響,而技術(shù)服務(wù)沒有顯著影響,反映了多數(shù)孵化器管理者無法針對園區(qū)內(nèi)的高新技術(shù)企業(yè)提供有價(jià)值的核心技術(shù)服務(wù),即沒有能力扮演Brnneel所謂的“技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)人”(technical broker)角色。(5)在孵化效率的影響因素中,作為控制變量的孵化器年限對各個(gè)維度的效率均有顯著性負(fù)影響,反映了新成立的孵化器有著更高的效率。(6)城市外部性對效率的影響并不顯著,但外商直接投資(FDI)除外。(7)科技企業(yè)孵化器并沒有促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的收斂性,但增強(qiáng)了區(qū)域創(chuàng)新水平的收斂性。 本文的主要創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)： (1)分別測度了科技企業(yè)孵化器不同功能維度的運(yùn)行效率,并從孵化行為的角度來分析孵化器特征。通過聚類分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國科技企業(yè)孵化器存在六種形態(tài),即創(chuàng)業(yè)導(dǎo)向型、創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)向型、政治導(dǎo)向型、盈利導(dǎo)向型、普遍高效型和普遍低效型。 (2)將戰(zhàn)略性小生境管理理論(Strategic Niche Management,SNM)引入到企業(yè)孵化器的研究中,探討孵化器管理者對不同孵化效率的影響。分別測度了孵化器管理者期望(expectations)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)(networks)和學(xué)習(xí)(learning)三方面的職能對五種不同孵化效率的影響。 (3)探討了科技企業(yè)孵化器對區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)收斂性和創(chuàng)新能力收斂性的影響。雖然國內(nèi)外對企業(yè)孵化器的功能有較多研究,但是關(guān)于科技企業(yè)孵化器對區(qū)域創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)影響的定量研究尚未見到。
[Abstract]:Since the inception of the concept of enterprise incubator in the 1950s , the enterprise incubator has been expanding rapidly over the world . Especially in the past decade in developing countries , the role of incubator of science and technology enterprises has become more and more important in developing countries .


Based on the literature and theoretical explanation of incubator of science and technology enterprises , this paper divides the evolution of incubator of science and technology enterprises into four generations and five functional dimensions .
The efficiency values of each functional dimension of incubator were calculated by SFA method , and cluster analysis was carried out .
Based on SFA and ANOVA , the factors of efficiency are analyzed from micro - level enterprises , meso - level incubator and macro - level area .
The strategic niche management ( SNM ) theory is introduced into the concept of incubator at the level of incubator , and the effect of incubator manager on efficiency is discussed .
At last , on the basis of the theory of new economic classical growth and the theory of endogenous economic growth , the influence of technological enterprise incubator on the convergence of regional economic convergence and regional innovation level is discussed by using 尾 analysis method .


The results show that : ( 1 ) The efficiency of the incubator is low , and the efficiency of the incubator manager is lower than that of external enterprises . ( 2 ) The ability of the incubator manager to deal with the crisis of product injury is more complex . ( 7 ) The incubator of science and technology enterprises does not promote the convergence of regional economy , but the convergence of regional innovation level is enhanced .


The main innovation points in this paper are as follows :


( 1 ) The operational efficiency of different functional dimensions of incubator of science and technology enterprises is measured , and the characteristics of incubator are analyzed from the angle of hatching behavior .


( 2 ) The strategic niche management theory ( SNM ) is introduced into the research of business incubator , and the influence of incubator manager on different hatching efficiency is discussed . The influence of incubator manager ' s expectation , network and learning function on five different hatching efficiency is measured .


( 3 ) The effect of incubator on regional economic convergence and convergence of innovation ability is discussed . Although there are many researches on the function of business incubator at home and abroad , the quantitative research on the effect of incubator on regional innovation economy has not yet been seen .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.44;F124.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 惠艷;;創(chuàng)新型經(jīng)濟(jì)下企業(yè)活動約束研究[J];商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2017年09期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 秦耀東;天使投資與企業(yè)孵化器融合發(fā)展研究[D];安徽大學(xué);2017年

2 章濤;區(qū)域間孵化器效率研究[D];浙江工商大學(xué);2017年

3 周志剛;企業(yè)孵化器的制度分析[D];內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號：2127274