本文選題：人口遷移 + 人口流動(dòng)　； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著改革開放以來我國社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展,人口遷移流動(dòng)不僅規(guī)模在加大,速度也在加快。由于我國城鄉(xiāng)分割的二元戶籍制度的存在,使得地區(qū)總?cè)丝诘暮饬看嬖趹艏丝诤统Ｗ∪丝趦蓚�(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)口徑。伴隨著人口遷移流動(dòng)態(tài)勢(shì)的不斷增強(qiáng),一個(gè)可以明顯觀察到的現(xiàn)象就是地區(qū)常住人口與戶籍人口之間的背離,并且這種背離性隨著人口遷移流動(dòng)的日益活躍也在不斷擴(kuò)大。日益擴(kuò)大的常住-戶籍人口缺口對(duì)我國區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)和城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,以及城鄉(xiāng)居民基本權(quán)利的保障都將產(chǎn)生不利影響。由于我國特殊的城鄉(xiāng)二元的戶籍制度背景,人口遷移流動(dòng)作為城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展和深化的重要推動(dòng)力量,其促進(jìn)作用實(shí)際上被延緩了。不同地區(qū)、不同類型的城市在不同時(shí)期的常住人口與戶籍人口之間的缺口及其變動(dòng)表現(xiàn)出一些不同的特點(diǎn),從這種變動(dòng)中我們可以觀察到我國人口遷移流動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性和基本特征。本文通過對(duì)改革開放以來尤其是進(jìn)入本世紀(jì)以后的分區(qū)域人口遷移流動(dòng)的實(shí)際狀況進(jìn)行了描述和分析,運(yùn)用構(gòu)建的常住-戶籍人口缺口指標(biāo)來觀察我國分地區(qū)人口遷移流動(dòng)態(tài)勢(shì),并進(jìn)一步分析了人口遷移流動(dòng)與戶籍制度改革實(shí)際效應(yīng)之間的協(xié)調(diào)性。研究有以下幾點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)改革開放以來我國各地區(qū)的常住人口與戶籍人口之間的缺口總體不斷擴(kuò)大,城鄉(xiāng)常住-戶籍人口缺口在本世紀(jì)后呈現(xiàn)迅速擴(kuò)大態(tài)勢(shì),使得以常住人口為口徑的城鎮(zhèn)化率遠(yuǎn)高于戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率。(2)東部地區(qū)的人口導(dǎo)入態(tài)勢(shì)進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng),因人口導(dǎo)入帶來的常住人口變動(dòng)速度快于戶籍人口,戶籍制度對(duì)人口的吸納力明顯滯后于人口的遷移流動(dòng)。(3)中西部的人口導(dǎo)出態(tài)勢(shì)也在增強(qiáng),常住人口導(dǎo)出的速度略快于戶籍人口,但西部地區(qū)相比中部地區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出一定的內(nèi)部吸引力。(4)大城市尤其是東部地區(qū)的大城市常住-戶籍人口缺口擴(kuò)大的程度和人口導(dǎo)入速度均為最高,顯示出戶籍制度改革較強(qiáng)的滯后性。中西部的中等城市仍表現(xiàn)出一定的吸引力,而小城市由于相對(duì)緩慢的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和較少的工作機(jī)會(huì),表現(xiàn)出較低的人口吸引力。本文認(rèn)為,要促進(jìn)人口在地區(qū)間的持續(xù)合理流動(dòng),進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)我國的城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展,應(yīng)注重推動(dòng)城鄉(xiāng)聯(lián)動(dòng)、區(qū)域聯(lián)動(dòng)和大中小城市聯(lián)動(dòng)的戶籍制度改革,進(jìn)而保證各地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)和人口的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of socialist market economy in China since the reform and opening up, population migration is not only increasing in scale, but also accelerating. Due to the existence of the dual household registration system which is divided into urban and rural areas in China, the measurement of the regional total population has two statistical criteria: the household registration population and the permanent resident population. With the increasing trend of population migration, an obvious phenomenon can be observed is the deviation between resident population and household registration population, and this deviation is expanding with the increasing activity of population migration. The increasing gap between permanent residence and household registration will have a negative impact on the coordinated development of regional economy and society and the relationship between urban and rural areas, as well as on the protection of the basic rights of urban and rural residents. Because of the special background of the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas in China, population migration, as an important driving force for the development and deepening of urbanization, has actually been delayed. The gap between the resident population and the resident population in different regions, different types of cities in different periods and their changes show some different characteristics. From this change, we can observe the dynamic and basic characteristics of population migration in China. This paper describes and analyzes the actual situation of the migration of population in the sub-regions since the reform and opening up, especially after entering this century. This paper uses the index of permanent residence and household registration gap to observe the situation of population migration in different regions of China, and further analyzes the coordination between population migration and the actual effect of the reform of household registration system. The study found that the gap between the resident population and the household registration population in various regions of China has been expanding since the reform and opening up, and the gap between urban and rural permanent residents and household registration population has rapidly expanded after this century. This makes the urbanization rate based on the resident population far higher than the urbanization rate of the registered household population.) the trend of population import in the eastern region is further strengthened. The rate of change of the permanent resident population brought about by the introduction of the population is faster than that of the resident population. The household registration system obviously lags behind the migration flow of the population.) the situation of population export in the central and western regions is also increasing, and the rate of the permanent resident population exporting is slightly faster than that of the household registration population. However, compared with the central region, the western region presents a certain internal attractiveness.) in the large cities, especially in the eastern region, the extent of the gap between permanent residence and household registration and the speed of population import are the highest. It shows that the reform of the household registration system is lagging behind. Middle-sized cities in the Midwest still show some appeal, while smaller cities show lower demographic attractiveness due to relatively slow economic growth and fewer job opportunities. This paper holds that in order to promote the sustainable and reasonable flow of population among regions and further promote the development of urbanization in our country, we should pay attention to the reform of the household registration system of the linkage between urban and rural areas, regional linkage, and the linkage of large, medium and small cities. Thus ensuring the coordinated development of the economic, social and population of various regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D631.42

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本文編號(hào)：1955021