本文選題：非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品 + 區(qū)域林業(yè)　； 參考：《北京林業(yè)大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：進入21世紀,世界各國在森林資源和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護方面制定了一系列的政策。隨著人們對森林多功能,特別是生態(tài)服務功能認識的逐步加深,面臨森林資源數(shù)量的減少和質(zhì)量的下降,實施森林資源可持續(xù)經(jīng)營及管理已成為全球人類的共同目標。目前,隨著人類社會的發(fā)展與進步和人們對各類自然資源認識的逐步深入,在森林資源中占有極為重要地位的非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品資源的開發(fā)和利用已經(jīng)受到世界各國的廣泛關(guān)注和高度重視,如中藥材、山野菜、油茶、竹類、食用菌類和野生動物蛋白等。非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品在維持農(nóng)戶生計、生物多樣性保護及出口貿(mào)易中有極其重要的作用。其開發(fā)利用不但為貧困地區(qū)的居民提供多種渠道的經(jīng)濟來源、就業(yè)機會以及食物和藥材保障,同時,隨著近幾年非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)值的增加,其在優(yōu)化林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),增加林業(yè)產(chǎn)值方面也發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文選取江西省作為研究對象,重點研究非木質(zhì)開發(fā)開發(fā)利用對區(qū)域林業(yè)經(jīng)濟及林區(qū)農(nóng)民收入的影響,以期構(gòu)建非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)值增加及林農(nóng)增收的利益驅(qū)動機制,并對當前江西省的非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品利用的發(fā)展?jié)摿φ归_綜合評價,最后對目前的非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品利用的政策制度體系進行分析,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)利用過程中存在的問題,并提出相應的完善對策。主要得出如下結(jié)論：第一,江西省可利用的非木材林產(chǎn)品幾乎涵蓋所有的產(chǎn)品類型,非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)在全國具有比較優(yōu)勢,但是存在著諸如產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展水平較低、市場不健全等問題；第二,非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,使得人們對森林資源的砍伐等初級利用明顯下降,逐漸向非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品的采集、種植、養(yǎng)殖的開發(fā)利用方式和發(fā)展生態(tài)旅游的森林資源高級利用方式轉(zhuǎn)變,在帶動林業(yè)第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的同時,又影響了當?shù)氐谝弧⒌诙a(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,使得第一產(chǎn)業(yè)在林業(yè)總產(chǎn)值中所占比例降低,逐漸調(diào)整了林業(yè)三大產(chǎn)業(yè)在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的比重,通過改變原來相對單一的林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),促進了區(qū)域林業(yè)產(chǎn)值的增長及經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。從整體來看,非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)增加了林業(yè)產(chǎn)值,優(yōu)化了林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),將有利于森林資源的可持續(xù)經(jīng)營；第三,非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品開發(fā)利用對農(nóng)民收入有顯著影響,增加了農(nóng)民收入,擴大了區(qū)域間及區(qū)域內(nèi)農(nóng)民收入差距；第四,非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品開發(fā)利用產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摿薮?有良好的發(fā)展基礎(chǔ),采取ST戰(zhàn)略,輔助SO戰(zhàn)略。本次研究不僅可以提高政府對非木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品開發(fā)利用的重視,而且將對發(fā)展林區(qū)經(jīng)濟、穩(wěn)定農(nóng)民收入、促進森林可持續(xù)經(jīng)營起到積極的作用,本研究具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:In the 21 st century, countries all over the world have made a series of policies on the protection of forest resources and ecological environment. With the gradual deepening of people's understanding of the multifunction of forest, especially the function of ecological service, the sustainable management and management of forest resources has become the common goal of the whole world. At present, with the development and progress of human society and the gradual deepening of people's understanding of all kinds of natural resources, The development and utilization of non-woody forest products, which play an important role in forest resources, have been paid great attention to by many countries in the world, such as traditional Chinese medicine, wild herb, Camellia oleifera, bamboo, edible fungi and wild animal protein. Non-woody forest products play an important role in supporting farmers' livelihood, biodiversity conservation and export trade. Its development and utilization not only provide economic sources, employment opportunities, food and medicinal materials security for residents in poor areas, but also optimize the forestry industry structure with the increase of output value of non-woody forest products industry in recent years. Increasing forestry output value also plays a more and more important role. On this basis, this paper selected Jiangxi Province as the research object, focused on the impact of non-wood development and utilization on the regional forestry economy and farmers' income. In order to construct the benefit driving mechanism of increasing the output value of non-woody forest products and increasing the income of forest farmers, and to carry out a comprehensive evaluation on the development potential of non-woody forest products utilization in Jiangxi Province at present. Finally, this paper analyzes the current policy system of non-woody forest product utilization, finds out the problems existing in the process of utilization, and puts forward the corresponding perfect countermeasures. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the non-wood forest products available in Jiangxi Province cover almost all types of products. The non-wood forest products industry has comparative advantages in the whole country, but there exist such as low level of industrialization development. Second, the development of the non-woody forest products industry has led to a marked decline in the primary utilization of forest resources, such as deforestation, and gradually to the collection and planting of non-wood forest products. The transformation of the development and utilization of aquaculture and the advanced utilization of forest resources for developing eco-tourism not only drives the development of the forestry tertiary industry, but also affects the development of the local first and second industries. As a result, the proportion of the primary industry in the total output value of forestry has been reduced, and the proportion of the three major forestry industries in the regional economic development has been gradually adjusted. By changing the original relatively single forestry industrial structure, Promote the growth of regional forestry output value and economic development. On the whole, the non-woody forest product industry increases the forestry output value, optimizes the forestry industrial structure, will benefit the sustainable management of the forest resources; third, the development and utilization of the non-woody forest products have a significant impact on the farmers' income. It increases the income of farmers and widens the income gap between regions and regions. Fourthly, the development and utilization of non-woody forest products has great potential and has a good foundation for development. St strategy is adopted to assist so strategy. This study can not only increase the government's attention to the development and utilization of non-wood forest products, but also play an active role in developing forest economy, stabilizing farmers' income and promoting sustainable forest management. This study has important theoretical and practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F326.2;F323.8

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