本文選題：地下水 + 污染　； 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：神府礦區(qū)位于陜西省北部,山西,內(nèi)蒙古三省(區(qū))交界地區(qū),地處神府煤田腹地,是國家級(jí)能源化工基地位于陜北的核心區(qū)域。該區(qū)屬常年干燥,降水稀少的溫帶干旱半干旱大陸性季風(fēng)氣候,水資源短缺,生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,地表沙化和水土流失嚴(yán)重。尤其是近年來,隨著礦產(chǎn)資源的開發(fā)利用,區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的迅速發(fā)展,采礦業(yè)和城鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)正在不斷擴(kuò)大,對(duì)水資源的需求量日益增加,同時(shí),煤炭資源開發(fā)以及煤化工企業(yè)生產(chǎn)已不同程度地造成礦區(qū)水資源枯竭、地下水污染等環(huán)境問題。因此,進(jìn)行神府礦區(qū)地下水水質(zhì)、污染評(píng)價(jià)研究,地下水污染物運(yùn)移模擬以及地下水防污性能研究對(duì)有效防治地下水污染,保護(hù)地下水水源,為地區(qū)實(shí)施地下水污染防治規(guī)劃等都具有重要的理論價(jià)值和實(shí)踐意義。 本文基于中國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局《西北地區(qū)主要城市地下水污染調(diào)查評(píng)價(jià)》項(xiàng)目中“陜北主要城市地下水污染調(diào)查評(píng)價(jià)”子課題,以神府礦區(qū)地下淺層水為研究對(duì)象,綜合利用資料收集、工礦企業(yè)污染源調(diào)查、樣品采集和理論分析等手段,系統(tǒng)開展神府礦區(qū)地下水污染及防污性能評(píng)價(jià)研究。 根據(jù)本次地下水污染調(diào)查所采集的75組地下水樣品測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù),采用單指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)法、內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法和模糊綜合評(píng)判法對(duì)地下水質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。單指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明TH、Mg2+、Mn、Fe等組分的超標(biāo)是影響研究區(qū)地下水質(zhì)量的最主要因素；根據(jù)內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法,研究區(qū)地下水超Ⅲ類水比例達(dá)68%；模糊綜合評(píng)判結(jié)果顯示研究區(qū)內(nèi)超過1/4的地下水不適于飲用。結(jié)合研究區(qū)地下水環(huán)境背景值研究對(duì)神府礦區(qū)地下水污染進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果表明研究區(qū)內(nèi)地下水以未污染和輕度污染水體為主,影響該區(qū)地下水污染的指標(biāo)主要有N03-、NO2、F-、Cr6+和Mo等。 采用地下水二維流數(shù)值模擬對(duì)研究區(qū)典型污染場(chǎng)地地下水流場(chǎng)以及“三氮”污染物運(yùn)移進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,建立數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過對(duì)場(chǎng)地地下水實(shí)測(cè)資料與模型計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行模型識(shí)別和檢驗(yàn),在場(chǎng)地現(xiàn)有污染程度上對(duì)污染源進(jìn)行消除預(yù)測(cè)20年后地下水中“三氮”污染物的運(yùn)移與變化趨勢(shì)。 依據(jù)DRASTIC模型,結(jié)合研究區(qū)實(shí)際情況,選擇地下水位埋深、包氣帶介質(zhì)、含水層巖性、降雨入滲系數(shù)和含水層富水性等5個(gè)影響地下水防污性能的因素,對(duì)5個(gè)因子的參數(shù)分區(qū)圖在GIS軟件中進(jìn)行疊加計(jì)算,從而生成研究區(qū)地下水天然防污性能分區(qū)評(píng)價(jià)圖。
[Abstract]:The Shenfu mining area is located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia provinces (District). It is located in the hinterland of Shenfu coal field. It is the core area of the national energy and chemical industry base in Northern Shaanxi. The area belongs to the dry, arid, arid and semi-arid Continental monsoon climate, water shortage, fragile ecological environment, surface desertification and soil erosion. In recent years, especially in recent years, with the development and utilization of mineral resources, the rapid development of regional economy and society, the construction of mining and urban infrastructure is expanding and the demand for water resources is increasing. At the same time, the exploitation of coal resources and the production of coal chemical enterprises have resulted in the exhaustion of water resources in the mining area and the groundwater. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the groundwater quality of the Shenfu mining area, the assessment of pollution, the simulation of the migration of groundwater, and the study of groundwater antifouling performance for the effective prevention and control of groundwater pollution, the protection of groundwater source, and the implementation of the prevention and control plan of groundwater pollution in the region.
Based on the sub project of "investigation and evaluation of groundwater pollution in the main cities of North Shaanxi, the survey and evaluation of groundwater pollution in the main cities of North Shaanxi", this paper takes the shallow groundwater of Shenfu mining area as the research object, comprehensive utilization of data collection, investigation of pollution sources of industrial and mining enterprises, sample collection and theoretical analysis, and so on. Study on groundwater pollution and antifouling performance evaluation in Shenfu mining area.
According to the test data of 75 groups of groundwater samples collected from the groundwater pollution survey, the groundwater quality is evaluated by the single index evaluation method, Nemero index method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results of single index evaluation show that the super standard of TH, Mg2+, Mn, Fe and other components is the most important factor affecting the quality of groundwater in the study area; The Melo index method shows that the proportion of super III water of groundwater in the study area is 68%, and the results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation show that the groundwater over 1/4 in the study area is not suitable for drinking. The groundwater pollution in Shenfu mining area is evaluated by the study of the background value of the groundwater environment in the study area. The results show that the groundwater in the study area is not polluted and slightly polluted. N03-, NO2, F-, Cr6+ and Mo are the main indicators affecting groundwater pollution in the area.
The numerical simulation of groundwater flow field and the movement of "three nitrogen" pollutants in the typical polluted area of the research area is simulated by numerical simulation of groundwater two-dimensional flow. The mathematical model is established. The model is identified and tested by the measured data of ground ground water and the model calculation results, and the pollution sources are eliminated and predicted by the present pollution degree of the site 20. The movement and change trend of "three nitrogen" pollutants in groundwater after a year.
According to the DRASTIC model and the actual situation in the study area, we choose 5 factors that affect the anti fouling performance of groundwater, such as the buried depth of the groundwater level, the medium of the aeration zone, the lithology of the aquifer, the infiltration coefficient of the rainfall and the water rich in the aquifer, and the calculation of the parameter zoning of the 5 factors in the software in order to generate the natural antifouling property of the groundwater in the study area. A partition evaluation chart.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X523;X824

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本文編號(hào)：1887578