本文選題：經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距 + 泰爾熵指數(shù)��； 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來(lái),我國(guó)快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展取得了舉世矚目的成績(jī)。但是,區(qū)域間的發(fā)展差距乃至區(qū)域內(nèi)的發(fā)展差距都開始逐漸擴(kuò)大,區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡所帶來(lái)的各種問題也開始逐步顯現(xiàn),而這些問題正越來(lái)越影響著國(guó)家的穩(wěn)定,民族的團(tuán)結(jié),區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的差距成為人們共同關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。 近些年,政府認(rèn)識(shí)到縮小區(qū)域間經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距,統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展的重要性,實(shí)施了一系列措施,如在1999年提出西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略,在十六屆三中全會(huì)《決定》中提出了統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展、形成促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展機(jī)制的目標(biāo)和任務(wù)等。這些政策為西部的發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn),但是否緩解了東西部發(fā)展差距還不得而知,如果緩解了東西部發(fā)展差距,那么東西部發(fā)展差距還有多大,如果差距還很大,那我們要采取什么用的措施才能盡快縮小東西部發(fā)展差距。要回答這些問題,就必須對(duì)東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。 一、本文的研究視角 為了研究西部大開發(fā)政策和統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展政策等的實(shí)施,東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,本文將理論與實(shí)證相結(jié)合、定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合,以一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的方式,先后用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和單一指標(biāo)法、趨同分析法及因子分析法研究東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的現(xiàn)狀及變化趨勢(shì),以期有所發(fā)現(xiàn)。 二、本文的主要內(nèi)容 第一章為緒論。簡(jiǎn)單介紹了本文的研究背景及意義,綜述了國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,并介紹了本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容及方法及主要特色。 第二章為描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)部分。本文用十年的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),分別描述了東西部在經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、教育水平、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、城市化水平五個(gè)方面的現(xiàn)狀。 第三章為東西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的測(cè)算。在相應(yīng)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,我們分別使用變異系數(shù)法、基尼系數(shù)法及泰爾熵指數(shù)法對(duì)東西部發(fā)展差距進(jìn)行測(cè)算,并將泰爾熵指數(shù)進(jìn)行分解,同時(shí)測(cè)算出東、西部?jī)?nèi)部的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距。通過對(duì)比十年來(lái)的測(cè)算數(shù)據(jù),得到東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的變化情況。 第四章為東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展趨同性研究。本章通過對(duì)東西部的s-趨同檢驗(yàn)及整體絕對(duì)趨同檢驗(yàn)以及東西部?jī)?nèi)部絕對(duì)趨同檢驗(yàn)來(lái)進(jìn)一步證實(shí)上一章所得出的結(jié)論,使我們得出的結(jié)論更加可靠。 第五章為東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展綜合指標(biāo)分析。使用因子分析的方法分別對(duì)2003年和2012年?yáng)|西部22個(gè)省進(jìn)行因子分析,通過對(duì)比兩年結(jié)果,研究東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的變化趨勢(shì),尋找對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展影響較大的指標(biāo)并用排名展現(xiàn)東西部發(fā)展水平的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況。 第六章為政策建議。針對(duì)當(dāng)前東西部仍存在的巨大差距的現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合因子分析得出的結(jié)論,提出進(jìn)一步縮小東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的政策建議。 三、本文的特色 第一,本文將定性分析和定量分析相結(jié)合,并主要使用定量分析的方法,突破了以往單純使用定性的方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,使得出的結(jié)論更加科學(xué)。 第二,使用趨同的方法對(duì)單一指數(shù)法所得結(jié)論進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,提高研究結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。 第三,用因子分析的方法,結(jié)合綜合指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析。這樣的做法讓本文在方法的選擇上,突破以往只使用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和計(jì)量方法的瓶頸,在指標(biāo)的選取上,結(jié)合綜合指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析,而不僅僅是單一指標(biāo)。這樣能夠從多角度,更加全面的反映東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的差距。 第四,本文突破以往單純對(duì)某一年的數(shù)據(jù)做因子分析的局限,通過對(duì)比兩年的因子分析結(jié)果,研究東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距的變化,并尋找對(duì)總得分函數(shù)影響均較大的指標(biāo)。 四、本文的主要結(jié)論 1.東部在經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、教育水平、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、城市化水平五個(gè)方面的發(fā)展水平普遍高于西部,但西部的增長(zhǎng)速度普遍高于東部。經(jīng)濟(jì)水平方面,10年間東西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量差距有所拉大,但西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度普遍要快于東部地區(qū)；產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)方面,東部地區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)有了比較明顯優(yōu)化,但西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)沒有大的調(diào)整,農(nóng)業(yè)占GDP比重仍然較大；教育方面,2003年西部地區(qū)教育投入只有東部地區(qū)一半水平,到了2012年西部地區(qū)教育投入已經(jīng)占到了東部地區(qū)投入的80%,西部地區(qū)加大了教育投入,兩者的教育投入差距在縮�。换A(chǔ)設(shè)施方面,兩大區(qū)域的人均郵電業(yè)務(wù)量在2011和2012年都有了大幅降低,但從2003-2010年的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)看,西部地區(qū)人均郵電業(yè)務(wù)量的年均增長(zhǎng)率比東部地區(qū)高約13個(gè)百分點(diǎn),兩大區(qū)域基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施有縮小趨勢(shì)；城市化方面,無(wú)論是東部地區(qū)還是西部地區(qū)均處于加速城鎮(zhèn)化時(shí)期,東西兩大區(qū)域10年間的城鎮(zhèn)化率差異減少了5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。 2.變異系數(shù)與基尼系數(shù)測(cè)算東西部發(fā)展差距的數(shù)據(jù)顯示：東西部發(fā)展差距在逐漸縮小。泰爾熵系數(shù)將東西部總的差距分解為東西部區(qū)域間差距和區(qū)域內(nèi)差距后,其測(cè)算的結(jié)果顯示的是：東西部區(qū)域間差距和東部區(qū)域內(nèi)差距在逐漸縮小,西部區(qū)域內(nèi)的差距沒有縮小。 3.由σ-趨同和β-趨同分析得出東西部整體出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)趨同,東部?jī)?nèi)部出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)趨同,然而西部?jī)?nèi)部沒有出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)趨同的結(jié)論,與第三章各指數(shù)證明的東西部區(qū)域間經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距在縮小,東部區(qū)域內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距在縮小,西部區(qū)域內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距并沒有縮小的結(jié)論類似。 4.在綜合指標(biāo)下,通過對(duì)比2003年和2012年因子分析結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),因子1的特征根從2003年的6.443減少到2012年的5.519,表明第一個(gè)公因子的方差有所減小,因此在因子1代表的指標(biāo)下,各省份差距有一定程度的縮小。通過對(duì)比總得分函數(shù)看出,人均GDP、農(nóng)村家庭人均收入、城鎮(zhèn)單位在崗職工平均工資、人均郵電業(yè)務(wù)量、城鎮(zhèn)化率、每萬(wàn)人擁有醫(yī)療人員、人均教育經(jīng)費(fèi)、每萬(wàn)人擁有專利數(shù)這八個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)總得分的影響較大,并且第三產(chǎn)業(yè)比重、農(nóng)村家庭人均收入與城鎮(zhèn)單位在崗職工平均工資這三個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響增加顯著。通過東西部22個(gè)省的排名,本文發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然東部有7個(gè)省份依舊占據(jù)前七名,山東保持第十名沒有變,但是其余兩個(gè)省份的排名均在下降,西部相對(duì)于東部排名有所上升,即在綜合指標(biāo)下,東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展差距也在縮小,與上兩章的結(jié)論相同。但是,從排名整體來(lái)看,仍存在東部省份排名靠前,西部省份排名靠后的現(xiàn)象,東西部巨大的差距仍未消除。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rapid economic development has made remarkable achievements. However, the development gap between the development gap between regions and even within the region began to expand, the unbalanced development of regional economy brought about by the various problems also gradually began to appear, and these problems are increasingly affecting the stability of the country and the nation unity, regional economic development gap has become the focus of common concern.
In recent years, the government recognized the gap in economic development between regions, the importance of regional development, the implementation of a series of measures, such as the western development strategy in 1999, in the third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee decided to put forward < > regional development, promote the formation mechanism of the goals and tasks of the coordinated development of regional economy. Development made a significant contribution to these the policy for the western, but whether to ease the development gap between the East and the West also can make nothing of it to ease the development of, if the gap between the East and the west, then the development gap between the East and the West as well as much, if there is still a big gap, then we should take what measures as soon as possible in order to narrow the development gap between the East and the West. To answer these questions, we must conduct empirical research on the economic development gap between the East and the West.
First, the research perspective of this article
In order to study the implementation of the western development policy and regional development policies, the real situation of economic development gap between the East and the west, the combination of theoretical and empirical, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, in a gradual way, has used descriptive statistics and single index method, the convergence analysis of the present situation and trend of law and the factor analysis method of eastern economic development gap, to discover.
Two, the main content of this article
The first chapter is the introduction. It briefly introduces the background and significance of the research, summarizes the research status at home and abroad, and introduces the research contents, methods and main characteristics of this paper.
The second chapter is descriptive statistics. In this paper, ten years statistics data are used to describe the five aspects of economic and technological level, industrial structure, education level, infrastructure and urbanization level.
The third chapter is the calculation of economic development gap between eastern and western regions. Based on the corresponding theory, we use the variation coefficient method, to calculate the development gap between the East and the west of the Gini coefficient and Theil entropy index method and Tel index decomposition, and calculate the economic development gap between East and West. Through the calculation of internal data comparison of ten years, the change of economic development gap between the East and the West.
The fourth chapter is about the convergence of East and west economic development. This chapter further confirms the conclusion of the last chapter by making the s- convergence test and the absolute convergence test of East and West and the absolute convergence test between the East and the west, so that our conclusion is more reliable.
The fifth chapter is the analysis of comprehensive index of the development of the East. Using the factor analysis method were factor analysis for 22 provinces in 2003 and 2012. By comparing the two results, the change trend of the gap between eastern and western economic development, for economic development impact index and ranking show reality development level in the East and the West.
The sixth chapter is policy recommendations. In view of the great gap between the East and the west, combined with the conclusions drawn from factor analysis, we put forward policy recommendations to further narrow the economic development gap between the East and the West.
Three, the characteristics of this article
First, this paper combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, and mainly uses quantitative analysis method, breaking through the previous qualitative analysis method, making the conclusion more scientific.
Second, the method of convergence is used to verify the results of the single index method to improve the accuracy of the research results.
Third, using the method of factor analysis, combined the analysis of comprehensive index. This gives the method of choice, break through the bottleneck of past only using descriptive statistics and econometric methods, in the selection of indicators, combined the analysis of comprehensive index, which is not only a single index. This can from many angles, more comprehensive reflect the economic development gap between East and West.
Fourth, this paper breaks through the limitations of previous factor analysis only for one year's data. By comparing two years' factor analysis results, we study the change of economic development gap between East and West, and find indicators that have great impact on total score function.
Four, the main conclusions of this paper
1. in the eastern part of the economic level, industrial structure, level of education, infrastructure, the development level of the five aspects of city level is generally higher than the west, but the growth rate is generally higher than the eastern. The economic level, the gap between the total of 10 between the eastern and Western Regions widened, but the speed of economic development in western regions is generally faster than the eastern area; industrial structure, structure of the eastern region has been significantly optimized, but the western region economic structure without major adjustments, agriculture accounted for the proportion of GDP is still large; education, education in the western region in 2003 in the eastern region is only half the level in 2012, western education investment has accounted for 80% of investment in the eastern region, the western region to increase investment in education, the educational investment gap between the per capita; infrastructure, postal and telecommunication services in two regions in 2011 and 2012 are The greatly reduced, but from 2003-2010 years of data, with an average annual growth rate of per capita amount of Posts and telecommunications business in western region the rate of about 13 percentage points higher than the eastern region, two regional infrastructure has narrowed trend; city, whether in eastern or western regions are in the accelerating period of Urbanization, the urbanization rate differences between East and West. The two regions in 10 years reduced by 5 percentage points.
2. variation coefficient and Gini coefficient estimates the development gap between East and west of the data shows that the development gap between the East and the west is gradually narrowing. East total Theil entropy coefficient will be decomposed into gap between the East and west regions. The gap and regional gap, the calculation results show that the regional gap between the eastern and western regions in the gap the western region is gradually shrinking, the gap is not narrowing.
By 3. sigma convergence and beta convergence analysis of the overall appearance of absolute convergence, absolute convergence within the eastern and Western internal however does not appear absolute convergence conclusion, and third chapters of the regional economic development between the various index in narrowing the gap, the development gap between the eastern region economy is shrinking, the development gap between the western economy within the region and did not reduce the similar conclusion.
4. in the comprehensive index, by comparing the 2003 and 2012 results of factor analysis found that the characteristic root factor 1 decreased from 6.443 in 2003 to 5.519 in 2012, that the first common factor variance decreases, so the factor 1 indicators, the gap between provinces has a certain degree of reduction. By comparing the total score the function that the per capita GDP, per capita income of rural households, the average wage of workers in urban units per capita, postal and telecommunication services, urbanization rate, per million people per capita medical personnel, education funding, the number of patents per million people have the eight index effect on the total score of the larger, and the proportion of the third industry, the influence of three an index of the average wage of workers in rural family per capita income and urban units for economic development increased significantly. By 22, the East ranking, this paper found that although the eastern 7 provinces still occupy the top seven, mountain Keep the East tenth has not changed, but the remaining two provinces were ranked in decline, compared with the Eastern Western rank increased, namely in the comprehensive index, the economic development gap between the East and the West are narrow, the same as the conclusion of the two chapter. However, from the overall ranking, still in the eastern provinces ranking the western provinces ranked by the phenomenon, east the huge gap have not been eliminated.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F127

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