本文選題：碳排放效率　切入點(diǎn)：超效率三階段DEA模型　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展，，人們生活水平得到很大提高，但經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式的粗放性導(dǎo)致了各種能源資源的重度消耗和各種污染物的大量排放，我國(guó)為此付出了嚴(yán)重的資源環(huán)境代價(jià)。作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，也作為最大的碳排放國(guó)家，我國(guó)背負(fù)著嚴(yán)峻的節(jié)能減排壓力與動(dòng)力。 一直以來(lái)，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展存在巨大的區(qū)域差異，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡，東西部差距、城鄉(xiāng)差距等問(wèn)題始終存在，同時(shí)碳排放的區(qū)域差異問(wèn)題尤其需要引起重視。由于影響二氧化碳排放的相關(guān)因素很多，比如地理因素、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)、對(duì)外開(kāi)放程度、投資水平、制度環(huán)境、城市化水平、能源價(jià)格等，這些影響因各�。ㄊ�、區(qū)）情況的不同而不同，所以我國(guó)各省市地區(qū)的碳排放效率差異較為復(fù)雜。如果不考慮各地區(qū)的差異而盲目地硬性規(guī)定該地區(qū)的減排任務(wù)，顯然有失妥當(dāng)。區(qū)域差異性是區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中必須思考的問(wèn)題，只有深入了解碳排放效率的區(qū)域差異性才能為節(jié)能減排總目標(biāo)制定有針對(duì)性的、有效的政策建議。 本文首先參照IPCC(2006)以及國(guó)家氣候變化對(duì)策協(xié)調(diào)小組辦公室和國(guó)家發(fā)改委能源研究所(2007)的方法，比較詳細(xì)地估算了我國(guó)30個(gè)省市(直轄市、自治區(qū))地區(qū)1997—2011年的二氧化碳排放量，并對(duì)二氧化碳排放的相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行了定性及定量分析。從碳排放效率的角度出發(fā)，利用超效率DEA模型測(cè)度了我國(guó)各地區(qū)的碳排放水平及其動(dòng)態(tài)變化并進(jìn)行相互比較。實(shí)證結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：環(huán)境和隨機(jī)誤差因素對(duì)各�。ㄊ�、區(qū)）碳排放效率具有顯著影響，這充分體現(xiàn)出本文所采用的模型的合理性、科學(xué)性和優(yōu)越性。從實(shí)證結(jié)果還可以明顯看到，從整體上看，我國(guó)碳排放效率呈上升趨勢(shì)，但上升速度緩慢，提升空間很大。從橫向來(lái)看，各省市碳排放效率水平差距逐年增大，碳排放效率最高與最低之間的差額增大趨勢(shì)明顯。最后對(duì)各省（市、區(qū)）的碳排放效率值進(jìn)行聚類(lèi)分析，根據(jù)聚類(lèi)分析結(jié)果可將我國(guó)的碳排放情況分為三種模式，即碳排放高效區(qū)、中效區(qū)和低效區(qū)。 最后，本文對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的低碳路徑進(jìn)行思考。實(shí)現(xiàn)碳減排的目標(biāo)，就要加快提高碳排放效率，制定出出符合我國(guó)實(shí)際的有針對(duì)性和科學(xué)性的碳減排政策。政府要加大對(duì)碳排放效率低的地區(qū)的扶持力度，增加碳排放高效區(qū)和低效區(qū)之間的相互溝通學(xué)習(xí)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's rapid economic development, people's living standard has been greatly improved, but the extensive mode of economic growth resulted in a large amount of energy resources, heavy consumption and emissions of various pollutants, China paid a heavy cost of resources and environment. As the largest developing country in the world, but also as the largest carbon emitter. China is under pressure and power saving grim.
There has been great regional differences in China's economic development, economic development is uneven, the gap between East and West, the gap between urban and rural areas the problem always exists the problem of regional differences in carbon emissions at the same time especially need to pay attention to. Because there are many factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions, such as geographical factors, economic development level, industrial structure, structure of property rights. The energy consumption structure, degree of openness, the level of investment, institutional environment, city level, energy prices, the effect of provinces (city, district) because the situation is different, so the difference of carbon emission efficiency in various provinces and cities in China is more complicated. If we do not consider the regional differences and the mandatory blindly area reduction, is clearly inappropriate. The regional difference is in the process of regional economic development must consider the problem, only a deeper understanding to the regional difference of carbon emission efficiency Formulate effective and effective policy recommendations for the overall goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Firstly, according to the IPCC (2006) and the National Climate Change Coordination Group Office and the National Energy Research Institute (2007) method, detailed estimates of 30 provinces in China (municipalities, autonomous regions) carbon dioxide emissions in 1997 and 2011, and the related factors of carbon dioxide emissions are analyzed the qualitative and quantitative. Starting from the carbon emission efficiency point of view, the use of super efficiency DEA model to measure the level of carbon emissions and the dynamic changes of every area of our country and compared with each other. The empirical results show that: the environment and random error factors on the provinces (cities, districts) has a significant effect on carbon emission efficiency, which fully reflects the rationality of the the model, scientific and practical. It can be seen from the empirical results, on the whole, the efficiency of carbon emissions in China is rising, but rising slowly, empty Among the great. From the lateral view, provincial carbon emission efficiency gap is increasing year by year, increasing trend of carbon emission efficiency difference between the highest and lowest obviously. At the end of the provinces (cities, districts) carbon emission efficiency value of cluster analysis, cluster analysis based on the situation of China's carbon emissions can be divided into three modes that is, in effect, carbon emissions, and the inefficient zone.
Finally, the low-carbon path for China's economic development thinking. To achieve carbon reduction targets, it is necessary to speed up the improvement of carbon emission efficiency, set out in line with China's actual and targeted scientific carbon reduction policy. The government should increase the efficiency of carbon emissions in areas with low support efforts to increase carbon emissions high and inefficient zone of mutual communication and learning.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F224;F205

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