本文選題：學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：知識(shí)過(guò)濾　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)是我國(guó)推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新、建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家的引擎和基礎(chǔ)。構(gòu)建以企業(yè)為主體、市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系,需要有效整合產(chǎn)學(xué)研各方的協(xié)同力量,合理配置科技資源,激發(fā)科研機(jī)構(gòu)的研發(fā)活力,使企業(yè)獲得持續(xù)的創(chuàng)新能力。因此,探索和構(gòu)筑科研機(jī)構(gòu)與企業(yè)之間研發(fā)創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移的暢通渠道已成為推動(dòng)我國(guó)科技事業(yè)健康發(fā)展的重要命題。時(shí)至今日,大學(xué)已不再僅僅是教學(xué)的“象牙塔”和科研的“實(shí)驗(yàn)室”,作為高技術(shù)人才的生產(chǎn)地和創(chuàng)新的策源地,其主要功能更是體現(xiàn)在“高科技輻射源”和“高科技企業(yè)孵化器”等方面。創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學(xué)是適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需求并恪守學(xué)術(shù)傳統(tǒng)而出現(xiàn)的創(chuàng)新主體,其開(kāi)展的學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)是發(fā)展科技型小微企業(yè),提高大學(xué)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化率的有效途徑,也是知識(shí)溢出的重要源頭。由此,深入探究學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)過(guò)程中空間知識(shí)溢出的效果和微觀機(jī)理則具備了理論和實(shí)踐的雙重要義。本文首先比較了空間知識(shí)溢出效應(yīng)的六種測(cè)度方法：技術(shù)流量法、成本函數(shù)法、生產(chǎn)函數(shù)法、文獻(xiàn)追蹤法、全要素生產(chǎn)率法和極值邊界分析法。對(duì)比分析了每種測(cè)度方法的研究對(duì)象、適用范圍和優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),為研究學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的知識(shí)溢出效應(yīng)選擇了有效的實(shí)證分析工具�；厮荨⑹崂泶髮W(xué)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移、創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學(xué)和學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的研究歷史和現(xiàn)狀,重新界定學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的邊界,確定了學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出的研究對(duì)象。在考察大學(xué)知識(shí)特性的基礎(chǔ)上,從學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的機(jī)會(huì)識(shí)別、選擇機(jī)制和類型劃分三個(gè)方面探究學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的動(dòng)因,分析學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的特征,進(jìn)而明確了學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)是突破大學(xué)和企業(yè)間“知識(shí)過(guò)濾”屏障的有效途徑。通過(guò)歸納創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)成功與否的影響機(jī)制、大學(xué)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移辦公室的運(yùn)行機(jī)制以及大學(xué)衍生企業(yè)的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移機(jī)制,提出了大學(xué)所創(chuàng)造的知識(shí)產(chǎn)品商業(yè)化的有效途徑,進(jìn)一步闡明了學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)過(guò)程中知識(shí)溢出的微觀機(jī)制�；凇叭菪眲�(chuàng)新理論,分析大學(xué)和學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)者主導(dǎo)的學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)體系的構(gòu)成,提出了“三螺旋”結(jié)構(gòu)中學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出的動(dòng)力機(jī)制、協(xié)同機(jī)制、共享機(jī)制和約束機(jī)制。以Griliches-Jaffe提出的知識(shí)生產(chǎn)函數(shù)為理論模型,引入衍生企業(yè)、人力資本流動(dòng)、專利轉(zhuǎn)讓作為表征學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出效應(yīng)的變量,構(gòu)建了局域性學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出效應(yīng)的擴(kuò)展模型。采用空間計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析方法,以大連市“新三區(qū)聯(lián)動(dòng)”工程為例,實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)空間局域范圍內(nèi)學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出的內(nèi)在機(jī)理,及其對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)所發(fā)揮的作用。結(jié)果表明,高校自身科研經(jīng)費(fèi)的投入對(duì)三螺旋創(chuàng)新模式下的學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出沒(méi)有顯著的促進(jìn)作用；政府直接投資于企業(yè)的研發(fā)活動(dòng),并未取得預(yù)期效果；大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)以及與企業(yè)的合作研發(fā)對(duì)創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)出和知識(shí)溢出則具有更為積極的效應(yīng)。借鑒Acs關(guān)于創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出理論(Knowledge spillovers theory of entrepreneruship, KST E)的研究思路和分析方法,將學(xué)者、學(xué)術(shù)組織(創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學(xué))和外部環(huán)境等學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的關(guān)鍵變量納入其中,構(gòu)建了基于學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出的擴(kuò)展模型；通過(guò)對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的一般均衡分析,推導(dǎo)得出了表征學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出效應(yīng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)內(nèi)生增長(zhǎng)模型。利用Moran'Ⅰ指數(shù)和Moran散點(diǎn)圖表征學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出的空間相關(guān)性,構(gòu)建基于空間杜賓模型的動(dòng)態(tài)面板模型,并運(yùn)用極大似然法對(duì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行估計(jì),考察學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出在全局空間范圍內(nèi)的衰減趨勢(shì)。結(jié)果表明,本地區(qū)和相鄰地區(qū)的既有企業(yè)知識(shí)存量影響學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的多寡；新知識(shí)的商業(yè)化效率決定了學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的效率；空間集聚效應(yīng)在學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出過(guò)程中發(fā)揮積極作用；本地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模和金融支持力度等因素影響學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)突破“知識(shí)過(guò)濾”屏障。上述研究結(jié)果表明,采用本文提出的學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出擴(kuò)展模型可以有效表征基于學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的知識(shí)溢出行為,合理界定知識(shí)溢出對(duì)對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)所發(fā)揮的作用,為我國(guó)構(gòu)建跨區(qū)域創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)、提升區(qū)域創(chuàng)新能力提供了理論工具。最后,基于理論與實(shí)證分析結(jié)果提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議。即,完善和實(shí)施促進(jìn)大學(xué)科技園發(fā)展、支持大學(xué)科研人員學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)、推動(dòng)人力資本流動(dòng)和提高大學(xué)衍生企業(yè)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移效率等支持科技成果轉(zhuǎn)移轉(zhuǎn)化的政策措施；構(gòu)建大中小企業(yè)、高校、科研機(jī)構(gòu)、創(chuàng)客多方協(xié)同的新型創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新機(jī)制,提高企業(yè)吸收學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)溢出的能力,鼓勵(lì)科研人員創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新,充分激發(fā)企業(yè)家精神,發(fā)揮“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新”的新潛能,與我國(guó)全面實(shí)施和推進(jìn)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略形成共鳴。
[Abstract]:The construction of national innovation system is to promote China's independent innovation engine and foundation of building an innovative country. In order to build the enterprise as the main body, the market as the guidance, the combination of technical innovation system, to effectively integrate the research collaborative power of the parties, the rational allocation of resources of Science and technology, stimulate research institutions research activity, make the enterprise obtain sustainable the ability of innovation. Therefore, explore and build scientific research institutions and enterprises to develop the innovation and technology transfer channel has become an important proposition to promote the healthy development of China's science and technology. Today, the university is not only the "Ivory tower" teaching and research "laboratory", as a hotbed of high-tech talent production and innovation, its main function is reflected in the radiation of high-tech and high-tech enterprise incubator "and so on. The entrepreneurial university is to adapt to the market demand And to the academic tradition and the innovation, the development of academic entrepreneurship is the development of science and technology Small and micro businesses, effective way to improve the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, but also an important source of knowledge spillovers. Therefore, in-depth research and micro mechanism of spatial knowledge spillover effect of academic entrepreneurship in the process has the double meaning of theory and practice. This paper compares six kinds of measuring methods of spatial knowledge spillover effect of technology flow, cost function, production function method, literature tracing method, TFP method and extreme bounds analysis method. Comparative analysis of the object of study for each measure, the scope and the advantages and disadvantages, for knowledge spillovers study on the effect of academic entrepreneurship choice effective empirical analysis tools. Back, combing the university technology transfer, research history and status quo of the entrepreneurial university and academic entrepreneurship, redefinition of Science Operation business boundaries, determine the research object of the academic entrepreneurship knowledge spillovers. Based on studying the characteristics of university knowledge, recognition from academic entrepreneurship opportunities, selection mechanism and classification of three aspects of academic entrepreneurship motivation, analysis of the characteristics of academic entrepreneurship, and clear academic entrepreneurship is an effective way to break through the universities and enterprises "knowledge filtration barrier. By summarizing the influence mechanism of Entrepreneurial University entrepreneurial success, the mechanism of technology transfer mechanism of university technology transfer office and USOs, put forward the effective way of commercialization of knowledge products created in University, and further clarified the mechanism of knowledge spillover in the process of academic entrepreneurship. Based on the" three spiral "innovation theory, analysis of universities and academic entrepreneurs leading academic entrepreneurship system, put forward the" three spiral "structure of middle school The dynamic mechanism of entrepreneurial knowledge spillover, coordination mechanism, sharing mechanism and restriction mechanism. Knowledge production function proposed by Griliches-Jaffe as a theoretical model, introducing derivative enterprises, human capital flows, as the knowledge spillover effect of characterization of academic entrepreneurship variables patent transfer, constructed the extended model of local academic entrepreneurship knowledge spillover effect. Using the method of analysis spatial econometrics, Dalian city "linkage" new three zone project as an example, the internal mechanism of the empirical test space in local academic entrepreneurship knowledge spillovers on regional economic growth, and the role of universities. The results show that investment in research funding for academic three helix innovation model has no significant entrepreneurial knowledge spillover to promote the role of government; direct investment in R & D activities have not achieved the expected results; university academic entrepreneurship and enterprise cooperation. On innovation output and knowledge spillover has more positive effect. Using Acs on entrepreneurial knowledge spillover theory (Knowledge spillovers theory of entrepreneruship, KST E) the research ideas and methods, the scholars, academic organization (Entrepreneurial University) key variables and the external environment of academic entrepreneurship included, construct the extended model of Academic Entrepreneurship Based on knowledge spillovers; through general equilibrium on the labor market analysis, deduces the steady-state characterization of the knowledge spillover effect of academic entrepreneurship endogenous growth model. The spatial correlation of Moran'index and Moran of plot characterization of academic entrepreneurial knowledge spillover, build dynamic panel model based on spatial Durbin model, and using the maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters, study the attenuation trend of academic entrepreneurship knowledge spillover in global range. The results show that the local area and The adjacent areas of both the enterprise knowledge stock influence the amount of academic entrepreneurship opportunities; commercial efficiency of new knowledge determines the efficiency of academic entrepreneurship; spatial agglomeration effects play a positive role in the process of academic entrepreneurship knowledge spillover factors; regional economic scale and financial support of academic entrepreneurship breakthrough "knowledge filter" the barrier. The research results show that the proposed academic entrepreneurial knowledge spillover model can effectively characterize the knowledge spillovers of Academic Entrepreneurship Based on the reasonable definition of knowledge spillover on the play to regional economic growth, for the construction of China's regional innovation network, provides a theoretical tool to enhance regional innovation capability. Finally, the theoretical and empirical analysis results based on the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward. That is, to improve and promote the implementation of the development of University Science and Technology Park, support the university scientific research personnel Operation business, promote the transformation of human capital flow and improve USOs technology transfer efficiency to support the transfer of scientific and technological achievements of the policies and measures; construction of small and medium-sized enterprises, universities, scientific research institutions, innovative entrepreneurship and innovation mechanism of customer multi-party collaboration, enhance the ability of enterprise and industry absorb academic knowledge spillovers, encourage researchers to fully stimulate entrepreneurship and innovation, the entrepreneurial spirit, to play a "public business, new potential innovation", and promote the implementation of innovation driven development strategy to form a comprehensive resonance with our country.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F279.2

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 樊五勇;解讀“創(chuàng)業(yè)家”[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)縱橫;2000年07期

2 萬(wàn)志新;創(chuàng)業(yè)家和企業(yè)家應(yīng)是兩個(gè)不同層次[J];物資流通研究;2000年01期

3 同輝;創(chuàng)業(yè)家必備的五大心理素質(zhì)[J];航天技術(shù)與民品;2000年04期

4 高磊;創(chuàng)業(yè)初期該做什么[J];內(nèi)蒙古質(zhì)量技術(shù)監(jiān)督;2000年02期

5 石宇;現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)業(yè)家:不斷行動(dòng)的人[J];國(guó)際市場(chǎng);2000年02期

6 吳思華;;你是管家,還是創(chuàng)業(yè)家?[J];經(jīng)理人;2000年05期

7 吳錦城;創(chuàng)業(yè)十大忠告[J];管理科學(xué)文摘;2001年07期

8 李輝;創(chuàng)業(yè)家的角色意識(shí)[J];航天工業(yè)管理;2001年02期

9 任建;“創(chuàng)業(yè)家”心得點(diǎn)滴[J];科技創(chuàng)業(yè);2001年03期

10 董義;你也能成為超級(jí)創(chuàng)業(yè)家[J];中國(guó)科技信息;2001年07期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 陳文婷;李新春;;經(jīng)驗(yàn)還是教育更重要?——不同制度環(huán)境下創(chuàng)業(yè)者知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)與創(chuàng)業(yè)價(jià)值的關(guān)系[A];第五屆（2010）中國(guó)管理學(xué)年會(huì)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)與中小企業(yè)管理分會(huì)場(chǎng)論文集[C];2010年

2 張麗t ;高秀娟;;中外女企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)特征比較研究[A];中國(guó)人力資源開(kāi)發(fā)研究會(huì)第十次會(huì)員代表大會(huì)暨學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文匯編[C];2008年

3 紀(jì)世瀛;;關(guān)于建立《創(chuàng)業(yè)教育工程體系》的建議[A];第四屆中國(guó)教育家大會(huì)會(huì)刊[C];2007年

4 韓寶磊;;論農(nóng)村文化建設(shè)中農(nóng)民創(chuàng)業(yè)家精神的培育[A];農(nóng)村文化建設(shè)：探索與實(shí)踐[C];2009年

5 楊德林;劉方;高敬;;科技型創(chuàng)業(yè)家社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建立和發(fā)展——關(guān)于中關(guān)村科技園區(qū)的一項(xiàng)實(shí)證研究[A];科技、工程與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展——中國(guó)科協(xié)第五屆青年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2004年

6 黃俊;陳揚(yáng);麻曉霞;;女大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)內(nèi)因與創(chuàng)業(yè)意圖研究:基于西南地區(qū)的實(shí)證研究[A];第十三屆中國(guó)管理科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

7 董志強(qiáng);張?zhí)烊A;;創(chuàng)業(yè)與失業(yè):基于廣東省的實(shí)證研究[A];市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)——2011年廣東經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)會(huì)年會(huì)論文集[C];2011年

8 李全起;;企業(yè)家的特質(zhì)[A];西部大開(kāi)發(fā) 科教先行與可持續(xù)發(fā)展——中國(guó)科協(xié)2000年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)文集[C];2000年

9 劉艷華;;建構(gòu)主義學(xué)生觀對(duì)高校開(kāi)展創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的啟示[A];2009年全國(guó)高校學(xué)生工作年會(huì)論文集[C];2009年

10 黃朝暉;;高職院校實(shí)施創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的必要性及其對(duì)策[A];北京高等職業(yè)教育教學(xué)實(shí)踐與研究（2005-2007）[C];2008年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條

1 通訊員 殷錦芳邋余戰(zhàn)先;武漢市十大杰出創(chuàng)業(yè)家評(píng)選啟動(dòng)[N];長(zhǎng)江日?qǐng)?bào);2007年

2 本報(bào)記者 章國(guó)保;應(yīng)大力促進(jìn)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)[N];光華時(shí)報(bào);2007年

3 本報(bào)記者 卜令偉;讓創(chuàng)業(yè)的種子落地生根[N];友報(bào);2007年

4 本報(bào)記者 刁萃;聽(tīng)！ 那些成功者們的創(chuàng)業(yè)建議[N];中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)報(bào);2007年

5 南雄市委常委、宣傳部長(zhǎng) 黃德群;推進(jìn)全民創(chuàng)業(yè) 加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展[N];韶關(guān)日?qǐng)?bào);2007年

6 商報(bào)記者 王曉然;創(chuàng)業(yè)輔導(dǎo)助力自主創(chuàng)業(yè)[N];北京商報(bào);2008年

7 數(shù)字100市場(chǎng)研究公司 整理;大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)新趨勢(shì)：理性+務(wù)實(shí)[N];人民政協(xié)報(bào);2010年

8 本報(bào)記者 徐晶卉;讓學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)精神自然生長(zhǎng)[N];文匯報(bào);2010年

9 福建中醫(yī)藥大學(xué) 王藝;醫(yī)學(xué)生需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè)教育[N];中國(guó)中醫(yī)藥報(bào);2010年

10 本報(bào)記者 李雪林;創(chuàng)業(yè)教育脫離實(shí)踐難“給力”[N];文匯報(bào);2010年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 董英南;學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)的空間知識(shí)溢出研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2016年

2 陳巍;創(chuàng)業(yè)者個(gè)體因素對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)傾向的影響：感知環(huán)境寬松性的中介作用[D];吉林大學(xué);2010年

3 吳東曉;創(chuàng)業(yè)社會(huì)勝任力結(jié)構(gòu)模型與績(jī)效關(guān)系研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2005年

4 周菁華;轉(zhuǎn)型期我國(guó)農(nóng)民創(chuàng)業(yè)：行為、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及激勵(lì)[D];西南大學(xué);2012年

5 費(fèi)良成;創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)融資戰(zhàn)略研究[D];天津財(cái)經(jīng)學(xué)院;2001年

6 唐偉;雙向道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)的公司治理問(wèn)題研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2005年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 滑瑞;影響我國(guó)大學(xué)生成功創(chuàng)業(yè)的因素研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2010年

2 高青;上海市青年創(chuàng)業(yè)發(fā)展研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2010年

3 易文婷;基于創(chuàng)業(yè)動(dòng)機(jī)的大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境研究[D];湖北工業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

4 郭洋;農(nóng)戶就地創(chuàng)業(yè)過(guò)程中借貸意愿影響因素研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2015年

5 李玉;跨境電子商務(wù)創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)績(jī)效影響因素實(shí)證分析[D];江西師范大學(xué);2015年

6 榮振;特種養(yǎng)殖創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目研究[D];北京工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

7 劉海;我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)培訓(xùn)研究[D];山西大學(xué);2014年

8 王海林;影響90后大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)決策因素研究[D];浙江工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

9 朱春芳;揚(yáng)州市婦女創(chuàng)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀與政策支持研究[D];揚(yáng)州大學(xué);2015年

10 馬德水;創(chuàng)業(yè)資本市場(chǎng)制度發(fā)育研究[D];河南理工大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號(hào)：1609758