本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國環(huán)境治理中的多元主體交互影響機(jī)制及實(shí)證研究　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 多元主體 晉升激勵 政企偏好 民間環(huán)保 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量 公眾環(huán)境福利 工業(yè)綠色生產(chǎn)率

【摘要】：近年來,隨著中國整體的工業(yè)化進(jìn)程步入中后期階段,西方發(fā)達(dá)國家在工業(yè)化進(jìn)程中曾經(jīng)遭遇的環(huán)境污染難題似乎在中國重新上演。來自環(huán)境監(jiān)測部門的數(shù)據(jù)表明,近年來中國的空氣質(zhì)量和淡水質(zhì)量已經(jīng)惡化至觸目驚心的地步。與之相對的是,盡管自上世紀(jì)90年代伊始,中央政府對于環(huán)境問題的重視程度與環(huán)境規(guī)制力度一直在不斷增強(qiáng),但未能明顯遏止地區(qū)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的惡化,部分地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境甚至遭受了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的破壞。令人憂慮的是,環(huán)境污染不僅會影響公眾健康并誘發(fā)嚴(yán)重的疾病威脅,源于對企業(yè)污染行為和政府環(huán)境治理表現(xiàn)不滿的環(huán)境群體性事件一旦爆發(fā),可能以突發(fā)、過激的形式對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會帶來嚴(yán)重破壞。比較遺憾的是,當(dāng)前主流研究通常基于政府環(huán)境規(guī)制有效性的基本假設(shè)展開分析,針對日益嚴(yán)厲的環(huán)境規(guī)制政策依然未能遏制中國環(huán)境質(zhì)量惡化的問題,多數(shù)文獻(xiàn)并未給出系統(tǒng)全面的、令人信服的解釋。本文正是為彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有研究的不足或缺失所做的努力嘗試。本文在吸收以往研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,從中國環(huán)境治理中的正式制度與隱性非正式制度雙重約束視角,提出“晉升激勵”、“政企偏好”和“環(huán)境尋租”等系列假說。同時沿著中國環(huán)境治理中的“地方政府—地方企業(yè)—地方公眾”三方主體交互影響的邏輯主線,分別探討了晉升激勵下的地方政府通過市場分割策略影響區(qū)域宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量的機(jī)理、地方政府與企業(yè)的偏好組合質(zhì)量通過空間關(guān)聯(lián)影響公眾微觀環(huán)境福利的機(jī)理、地方公眾通過民間環(huán)�；顒訅嚎s地方政府與企業(yè)的尋租合謀空間進(jìn)而倒逼區(qū)域綠色生產(chǎn)率增長的機(jī)理,嘗試構(gòu)建一個內(nèi)涵豐富、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹袊h(huán)境治理問題研究框架。本文依據(jù)中國區(qū)域?qū)用娴慕?jīng)濟(jì)與環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)和區(qū)域工業(yè)企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù),在相關(guān)理論建模與命題假設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)上,利用近年來最新發(fā)展的網(wǎng)絡(luò)DEA模型、空間計量模型等方法進(jìn)行了實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)。首先,本文詳細(xì)評估了中國30個省份的區(qū)域工業(yè)污染水平和工業(yè)碳排放水平,同時比較環(huán)境污染的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和公眾的環(huán)境代價及其變動差異,并初步探討了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與環(huán)境污染可能存在的時空關(guān)聯(lián)特征。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)基于經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和公眾代價視角評測的區(qū)域環(huán)境質(zhì)量差異較大,盡管中國的區(qū)域工業(yè)污染強(qiáng)度和碳排放強(qiáng)度總體呈負(fù)向增長趨勢,但人均污染承受水平卻多保持正向增速。此外,空間統(tǒng)計分析的結(jié)果證實(shí)中國區(qū)域之間的環(huán)境質(zhì)量存在較顯著的空間關(guān)聯(lián)性特征,表明中國不同區(qū)域之間的環(huán)境治理面臨著協(xié)同與沖突共存的復(fù)雜特征。其次,本文分析了晉升激勵下的地方政府通過市場分割對區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生的影響。利用全局參比價格法評測了中國各區(qū)域的要素市場分割水平,將能源要素投入和環(huán)境污染等非期望產(chǎn)出納入分析框架,測度以資源配置效率刻畫的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)無論基于傳統(tǒng)的地理鄰近參比價格法,還是修正的全局參比價格法,其所測度的要素市場分割均對以資源配置效率刻畫的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了負(fù)向影響,且均存在正向的空間溢出效應(yīng)。證明“以鄰為壑”的經(jīng)濟(jì)競賽策略不僅對本區(qū)域資源配置效率產(chǎn)生抑制作用,從而降低自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量,還將導(dǎo)致區(qū)域之間的資源配置效率差距擴(kuò)大,終將使區(qū)域自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長質(zhì)量陷入“經(jīng)濟(jì)盆地”的困境。再次,本文嘗試依據(jù)地方政府與企業(yè)的不同偏好組合來解釋區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制政策失效的原因。本文構(gòu)建了全新的政企偏好組合質(zhì)量評價模型和考慮環(huán)境污染對公眾健康影響的環(huán)境福利績效評價模型,并實(shí)現(xiàn)了省級面板數(shù)據(jù)和微觀企業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù)的合理對接。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)更高水平的政企偏好組合質(zhì)量不僅有助于降低區(qū)域的人均污染排放量,并通過空間溢出效應(yīng)改善了其他地區(qū)的環(huán)境質(zhì)量,還將在緩解區(qū)域環(huán)境污染對公眾健康威脅的同時改善公眾享有的環(huán)境福利績效。最后,本文探討了公眾環(huán)保訴求是否會壓縮政企之間的合謀空間,倒逼工業(yè)企業(yè)選擇綠色技術(shù)創(chuàng)新以提升綠色生產(chǎn)率水平,最終使區(qū)域環(huán)境治理績效得以改善。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)相對于環(huán)境污染導(dǎo)致的被動環(huán)保誘因,公眾易受收入水平、教育質(zhì)量和健康關(guān)注度等理性環(huán)保誘因的影響。民間環(huán)保將倒逼工業(yè)企業(yè)的綠色技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,而尋租活動會阻礙綠色生產(chǎn)率的改進(jìn)。當(dāng)工業(yè)綠色生產(chǎn)率的分位點(diǎn)由低向高推移,民間環(huán)保對其正向影響也愈加顯著,理性環(huán)保訴求對于高、低分位點(diǎn)的工業(yè)綠色生產(chǎn)率分別呈正、負(fù)向影響,證明“波特假說”應(yīng)滿足靠近技術(shù)前沿面的前提條件。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the late stage Chinese overall entering into the industrialization process, environmental pollution problems in western developed countries have encountered in the process of industrialization seems to be Chinese again. From the environmental monitoring department data show that in recent years Chinese air quality and water quality has deteriorated to the shocking extent. By contrast, though since the beginning of last century in 90s, the central government pay attention to the environmental problems and the degree of environmental regulation has been constantly enhanced, but failed to significantly curb deterioration of environmental quality, the ecological environment in some areas even suffered irreversible damage. The worry is that environmental pollution will not only affect the public health and disease threat. Environmental group events due to dissatisfaction with the enterprise pollution behavior and government environmental governance performance once the outbreak, likely to burst, too The form of shock caused serious damage on the economy and society. Unfortunately, the current mainstream research is usually based on the basic assumption of government environmental regulation effectiveness analysis, aiming at the increasingly stringent environmental regulation policy still failed to curb the deterioration of China environmental quality issues, most of the literature did not give a systematic and convincing explanation. This is for lack of trying to make up the existing research. Based on absorbing the results of previous studies, from the perspective of China carbonemission formal system and informal system of implicit dual constraints, put forward the "promotion", "government preference" and "rent-seeking environment" and other series of hypothesis. At the same time along Chinese environmental governance the local government and local businesses and local public "three body interaction logic line are discussed under the promotion incentive to The government through the mechanism of market segmentation strategy affects the quality of regional economic growth, local government and enterprise preference combination quality through the spatial correlation mechanism of micro environment affect the public welfare, public environmental protection activities through private rent-seeking compression of local government and the conspiracy of forced mechanism of regional green space and productivity growth, try to build a connotation rich, rigorous logic China environmental governance framework. Based on the regional level China environmental and economic statistical data and regional data of industrial enterprises, based on related theoretical model and propositions on the assumption of the model is the latest development of the DEA network in recent years, the spatial econometric model for empirical test. First of all, in this paper, a detailed assessment of Chinese 30 provinces regional industrial pollution level and industrial carbon emission levels, and compare the environmental pollution The economic costs and environmental costs of public changes and differences, and to explore the characteristics of temporal and spatial relationships between economic growth and environmental pollution may exist. The study found that the regional environmental quality difference of economic cost and public cost perspective evaluation based on large, despite the negative growth trend of regional industrial pollution intensity and carbon emission intensity was Chinese, but the per capita level is more contaminantholding to maintain positive growth. In addition, the spatial statistical analysis results confirm the existence of the feature space related significant environmental quality China between regions, indicating that the environmental governance between different regions of China faces and complex characteristics of the coexistence of cooperative conflict. Secondly, this paper analyzes the promotion incentives of local government under the effect of market segmentation on the quality of regional economic growth. The global reference price evaluation method of market elements China regional division Cut level, energy inputs and environmental pollution and other undesirable output into the analysis framework of regional economic growth, to measure the quality of the efficiency of resource allocation. The study found that both characterizations of the traditional reference price method based on geographic proximity, or modified global reference price method, factor market segmentation of the measure of the quality of regional economy in order to increase the efficiency of resource allocation described has a negative effect, and there are positive spillover effect. That "economic competition strategy of beggar thy neighbor" not only inhibited the regional resource allocation efficiency, thus reducing the quality of economic growth itself, will also lead to the widening gap between the efficiency of the allocation of resources between regions, will make the economy the quality of growth itself into a regional economic basin dilemma. Thirdly, this paper according to the different combination of preference of local governments and enterprises to explain The reasons of regional environmental regulation policy failure. This paper constructs the evaluation of environmental quality evaluation of government welfare performance preference combination new model and consider the impact of environmental pollution on the public health model, and realizes the reasonable docking provincial panel data and micro enterprise panel data. The research found that the preference combination of higher levels of quality not only help reduce pollution emissions per capita area, and improve the environmental quality of other regions through the spatial spillover effect, will also be in remission and regional environmental pollution on public health threats to improve the public with environmental welfare performance. Finally, this paper discusses the public environmental protection demands are compressed between government and business collusion space, forced industrial enterprises the choice of green technology innovation to enhance the green productivity, the regional environmental governance performance will be improved. The study found that with respect to the environment The environmental pollution caused by passive incentives, public income, influence the quality of education and health care and environmental protection rational incentive. Folk environmental protection will be forced to green technology innovation of industrial enterprises, improve and rent-seeking activities will hinder the green productivity. Quantile when industrial green productivity goes from low to high, the folk environmental protection the more significant positive effect, rational environmental demands for high productivity, low green industrial sites were positive, negative effect, that "Potter hypothesis" should meet the conditions near the frontier technology.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X321
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本文編號：1376554