本文關(guān)鍵詞：歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 歐盟 區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化 服務(wù)貿(mào)易 壁壘 金融市場(chǎng)

【摘要】：二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束之后，法國(guó)、意大利、聯(lián)邦德國(guó)、荷蘭、比利時(shí)、盧森堡六國(guó)經(jīng)過(guò)談判建立了歐洲煤鋼共同體，開(kāi)始了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化合作之路。經(jīng)過(guò)60多年的發(fā)展，歐盟已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為包括28個(gè)成員國(guó)，人口超過(guò)5億、經(jīng)濟(jì)總量世界第一的世界上最大的國(guó)家聯(lián)合體。歐盟模式的成功引起了世界的關(guān)注，使20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，形式各異的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化組織以更快的速度在世界各地出現(xiàn)。區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化組織幾乎覆蓋所有的國(guó)家和地區(qū)。區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作已經(jīng)成為世界各國(guó)非常重要的實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的路徑。 20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái)，歐盟開(kāi)始啟動(dòng)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化進(jìn)程，制定了大量的政策措施用于推進(jìn)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)的一體化。大部分政策發(fā)揮了積極的作用，歐盟服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化程度不斷加深，服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展水平日益提高。歐盟在推動(dòng)區(qū)域服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化方面積累了大量的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 中國(guó)是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，開(kāi)展區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要途徑。目前，中國(guó)與其他國(guó)家的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的水平相對(duì)較低，主要集中于貨物貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域。如何拓展服務(wù)領(lǐng)域的區(qū)域合作，釋放服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)的促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和擴(kuò)大就業(yè)的潛力，是中國(guó)亟待解決的課題。因此，本文對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化進(jìn)行了研究，希望可以為中國(guó)拓展服務(wù)領(lǐng)域的合作提供參考和借鑒。 本文首先對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的有關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了梳理；其次，以歐盟推進(jìn)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化的政策為視角，對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化的進(jìn)程進(jìn)行了分析；再次，對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)的一體化水平進(jìn)行了定性分析，，并以歐盟金融服務(wù)市場(chǎng)為例，對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化水平進(jìn)行了定量分析；最后，以經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的理論為依據(jù)，對(duì)歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了剖析和總結(jié)。 第一，歐盟成員國(guó)之間簽署的條約是歐盟推進(jìn)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化的法律基礎(chǔ)，相應(yīng)的立法只能以條約內(nèi)容為依據(jù)。歐盟條約對(duì)推進(jìn)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化的貢獻(xiàn)在于確立了歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化的基石——服務(wù)自由提供的原則和企業(yè)自由建立的原則。 第二，歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)一體化的程度遠(yuǎn)低于貨物貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)一體化的程度，歐盟服務(wù)貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)依然存在許多壁壘，既包括法律性質(zhì)的壁壘也包括非法律性質(zhì)的壁壘。 第三，《服務(wù)指令》是歐盟推進(jìn)區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)一體化的重要的政策文件，涵蓋了60%的服務(wù)領(lǐng)域（以創(chuàng)造的新增價(jià)值計(jì)算），其他服務(wù)部門(mén)一體化政策主要體現(xiàn)在具體服務(wù)部門(mén)的次級(jí)法規(guī)中。 第四，對(duì)歐盟服務(wù)貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)一體化水平的定性分析結(jié)果可以看出，絕大多數(shù)歐盟推進(jìn)服務(wù)貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)一體化的政策都發(fā)揮了積極作用，區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)一體化水平顯著提升。但也存在著若干成員國(guó)執(zhí)行遲緩、過(guò)度立法等現(xiàn)象，歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)進(jìn)一步完善和發(fā)展的空間還很大。 第五，通過(guò)對(duì)歐盟金融市場(chǎng)一體化水平的定量分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)之前，絕大多數(shù)金融服務(wù)部門(mén)的一體化水平都達(dá)到了較高的水平，受金融危機(jī)和歐洲主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)影響，歐盟區(qū)域內(nèi)金融市場(chǎng)一體化均出現(xiàn)了不同程度的倒退。 最后，波蘭的旅店和餐飲服務(wù)業(yè)等，以及一些與生產(chǎn)相關(guān)的服務(wù)行業(yè)有向歐盟新老成員邊界區(qū)域集中的趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:After the end of World War II, France, Italy, Federal Republic of Germany, Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg six after negotiations established the European Coal and steel community, start to cooperate the way of regional economic integration. After 60 years of development, the EU has evolved to include 28 members, more than 500 million people, the largest country in the world with the world economic output first. The EU model successfully attracted the attention of the world, since 1990s, regional economic integration organizations of different forms at a faster rate in the world. Regional economic integration organization covering almost all countries and regions. Regional economic cooperation has become the world is very important to achieve economic development path.
Since 1980s, the EU began to start the service market integration, formulated a number of policies and measures to promote the integration of service market. Most of the policy played a positive role, the extent of the EU services market integration continues to deepen, the development of water service economy normally improved. The EU has accumulated abundant experience in the promotion of regional market integration services.
Chinese is the world's largest developing country, regional economic cooperation is an important way to achieve economic development. At present, Chinese with other countries and regional economic cooperation level is relatively low, mainly in the field of trade in goods. How to expand regional cooperation services, the release of the service economy to promote economic growth and employment potential. China is an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, the EU regional services market integration are studied, hoping to provide a reference for China expand cooperation in the service sector.
Firstly, the theory of regional economic integration is carried out; secondly, to promote the service market integration from the angle of policy, the EU regional service market integration process is analyzed; thirdly, the integration level of EU regional service market by qualitative analysis, and the EU financial services market as an example that makes a quantitative analysis on the EU regional services market integration level; finally, the economic integration theory, experience and effect of EU regional services market integration are analyzed and summarized.
First, the treaty signed between the EU Member States is the legal basis for EU to promote services market integration, the corresponding legislation can only according to the treaty. The Treaty on European Union contribution to promote the service market integration is to establish a foundation of market integration services across the region, service freely provide principles and the principle of establishing the free enterprise.
Second, the degree of integration of the service trade market in the EU is far below the degree of the integration of the goods trade market. There are still many barriers in the European service trade market, including the barrier of legal nature and the barrier of non legal nature.
Third, the "Service Directive" is an important policy document for the European Union to promote the integration of regional service trade market, covering 60% of the service sector (calculated by the newly created value), and the integration policies of other service sectors are mainly reflected in the secondary regulations of specific service sectors.
Fourth, the results of qualitative analysis on the EU market of service trade integration can be seen, the vast majority of the EU to promote service trade market integration policy has played a positive role in regional integration services market was significantly improved. But there are also some slow members, excessive legislation phenomenon, service market in European region and further improve a large development space.
Fifth, based on the quantitative analysis of EU financial market integration level, before the outbreak of the financial crisis, the level of integration of the vast majority of the financial services sector has reached a higher level, by the financial crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis, the European financial market integration in the region there are different degrees of retrogression.
Finally, Poland's hotel and catering services, as well as production related services, have a tendency to focus on the EU's new and old members.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F114.46

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