本文關(guān)鍵詞：地方普通本科院校應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)研究　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地方普通本科院校 應(yīng)用型人才 內(nèi)涵解析 發(fā)展障礙 發(fā)展保障

【摘要】：地方本科院校培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才是國家現(xiàn)階段教育改革和發(fā)展的重點,受國家的高度重視,建設(shè)制造強(qiáng)國的根本在于建設(shè)一批高質(zhì)量的技術(shù)技能人才作為支撐,現(xiàn)有的職業(yè)教育難以滿足社會所需,因此發(fā)展和培養(yǎng)本科層次的應(yīng)用型人才成為了新的重點。培養(yǎng)本科層次的應(yīng)用型人才有著重要的現(xiàn)實與理論意義。普通本科院校培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才的內(nèi)涵解析,從經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)上是在經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)性轉(zhuǎn)型升級和建設(shè)制造強(qiáng)國的需要,從教育體系上是構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系完善人才培養(yǎng)機(jī)制的需要,從人才培養(yǎng)上是創(chuàng)新高校發(fā)展方式優(yōu)化技術(shù)人才結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,從市場需求上是服務(wù)高端市場發(fā)展支撐經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型的需要,應(yīng)用型人才的核心是“用”,本質(zhì)是“學(xué)以致用”,用所學(xué)服務(wù)社會,特別是區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。應(yīng)用型人才具體來講是指在屬性上具有應(yīng)用能力的學(xué)術(shù)性工程型人才,以專業(yè)知識服務(wù)于經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè),是素質(zhì)、知識、技能和工程能力的全面培養(yǎng)與發(fā)展,以高等性和應(yīng)用性為基本特征的高質(zhì)量人才。其中素質(zhì)是基礎(chǔ),知識是保證,高技能是本質(zhì),工程能力是特征。緊抓普通本科院校應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)的基本,突出特色。本文用比較研究法,分析總結(jié)德國的應(yīng)用科技大學(xué)、英國的多科技術(shù)學(xué)院、日本的技術(shù)科學(xué)大學(xué)發(fā)展的獨到之處與共同之處,其共同之處包括明確的辦學(xué)定位、積極創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式、服務(wù)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,并且加強(qiáng)國際化交流,這些相同因素對應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)都有著重要的影響,值得去借鑒。普通本科院校培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才的發(fā)展不能一蹴而就,既要借鑒國外的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗,也要認(rèn)清國內(nèi)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,直面困境才能有所突破。建設(shè)應(yīng)用型本科仍然存在著巨大的挑戰(zhàn),其中主要包括傳統(tǒng)思想觀念轉(zhuǎn)變不順暢,專業(yè)設(shè)置和課程內(nèi)容缺乏合理性,師資隊伍不健全,實踐教學(xué)認(rèn)識不深刻,管理體制落后,社會資源參與不順,這些發(fā)展障礙導(dǎo)致普通本科高校在培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才的過程中存在著很大的挑戰(zhàn)。同時院校的現(xiàn)代化、國際化發(fā)展還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠,終身發(fā)展理念相對滯后。培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才既要立足自身的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展環(huán)境,同時借鑒國外的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗進(jìn)行勇敢改革和積極建設(shè)。具體的建設(shè)措施包括:從宏觀層面政府加強(qiáng)頂層設(shè)計和加大宣傳營造氛圍,并堅持內(nèi)涵發(fā)展,創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式,針對普通本科院校應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)的短板有針對性的進(jìn)行改進(jìn),并且在堅持走信息化、國家化和終身發(fā)展的道路,在此基礎(chǔ)上積極為應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)獻(xiàn)計獻(xiàn)策。建立建成應(yīng)用型本科院校是系統(tǒng)性的工程,要統(tǒng)籌多方資源、匯聚多方力量,為地方普通本科院校提供發(fā)展保障。
[Abstract]:The cultivation of applied talents in local colleges and universities is the focus of the education reform and development at the present stage of our country. The foundation of building a powerful manufacturing country lies in the construction of a number of high-quality technical talents as the support of the country. The existing vocational education is difficult to meet the needs of society. Therefore, the development and cultivation of applied talents at the undergraduate level has become a new focus. The cultivation of applied talents at the undergraduate level has important practical and theoretical significance. In terms of economic construction, it is necessary to upgrade the economic structure and build a powerful manufacturing country. From the educational system, it is necessary to build a modern vocational education system to perfect the talent training mechanism. The cultivation of talents is the need of innovating the development mode of colleges and universities to optimize the structure of technical talents, the need of serving high-end market development to support the transformation of economic structure, and the core of applied talents is "use". The essence is "using learning to serve the society, especially the development of regional economy." the practical talents refer to the academic engineering talents who have the ability to apply in the attribute. Professional knowledge serves the economic construction, it is the all-round cultivation and development of quality, knowledge, skill and engineering ability, and the high quality talents with the basic characteristics of higher quality and application, in which quality is the foundation and knowledge is the guarantee. High skill is the essence and engineering ability is the characteristic. We should pay close attention to the basic training of applied talents in ordinary undergraduate colleges and give prominence to the characteristics. This paper analyzes and summarizes the German University of Applied Science and Technology by using the method of comparative research. The British polytechnic college and the Japanese university of technology are unique and common in their development. The common features include a clear orientation of running a school, a positive innovation of the talent training model, and a service for the development of regional economy. And strengthen international exchanges, these same factors have an important impact on the cultivation of application-oriented talents, it is worth learning. The development of ordinary colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented talents can not be achieved overnight. It is necessary to learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries, but also to recognize the current situation of domestic development, to face the dilemma to break through. There are still great challenges in the construction of applied undergraduate course. Among them mainly includes the traditional idea change is not smooth, the specialty setup and the curriculum content lacks the rationality, the teacher troop is not perfect, the practice teaching understanding is not deep, the management system is backward, the social resources participation is not smooth. These obstacles lead to great challenges in the process of cultivating applied talents in colleges and universities. At the same time, the modernization of colleges and universities, internationalization development is far from enough. The concept of lifelong development is relatively lagging behind. The cultivation of applied talents should be based on their own development situation and development environment. At the same time learn from the development experience of foreign countries to carry out brave reform and positive construction. Specific construction measures include: from the macro level the government to strengthen the top-level design and increase publicity to create an atmosphere and adhere to the connotation of development. Innovative talent training model, aimed at the ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities to improve the short board of practical talent training, and adhere to the information, nationalization and lifelong development of the road. On the basis of this, we should actively contribute to the cultivation of applied talents. It is a systematic project to establish and build application-oriented undergraduate colleges and universities. It is necessary to coordinate all kinds of resources and pool all kinds of forces to provide development guarantee for local ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G642

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