【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國對生態(tài)保護(hù)的重視和森林旅游在全球范圍內(nèi)的快速發(fā)展,我國森林旅游事業(yè)迎來了重要機(jī)遇期。而森林公園是森林旅游的主要載體,目前我國共有森林公園2984處,占地面積1756萬公頃,年旅游接待人數(shù)5億人次,綜合收入590億元。但是由于客觀條件的限制和過去我國森林公園發(fā)展指導(dǎo)思想的局限,我國森林公園的發(fā)展較其他行業(yè)來說相對滯后,且面臨很多問題。其中由森林公園資金投入與森林公園發(fā)展資金需求之間巨大的矛盾已經(jīng)成為制約我國森林公園發(fā)展的最大瓶頸。而基于森林公園生態(tài)效益、社會(huì)效益和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益三效統(tǒng)一加大森林公園投資力度,優(yōu)化我國森林公園資金投入結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)森林公園又好又快的發(fā)展是擺在我們面前的一個(gè)重要課題。本文以財(cái)政投融資理論為理論基礎(chǔ),在綜合國內(nèi)外森林公園投融資研究理論的基礎(chǔ)上,采用2003年-2013年11年間我國森林公園建設(shè)與經(jīng)營的數(shù)據(jù),分析了我國森林公園資金投入結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展過程和現(xiàn)狀,并在理論和數(shù)據(jù)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,比較了我國各省市及美國國家公園資金投入現(xiàn)狀。分析結(jié)果表明：我國森林公園資金需求量大和資金投入力度不足的矛盾突出；資金投入結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,財(cái)政投入資金量小,缺乏持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的投入,區(qū)域投入結(jié)構(gòu)不均衡性明顯；森林公園自身資金積累速度慢,占投入結(jié)構(gòu)比重太小,社會(huì)資金投入受管理體制制約,積極性較弱,過于注重短期利益。對此,本文在前述理論分析,現(xiàn)狀分析和國家比較的基礎(chǔ)上提出完善我國森林公園資金投入問題的解決策略：首先是加大森林公園財(cái)政投入力度,建立健全財(cái)政投入的長效機(jī)制,加大對環(huán)境保護(hù)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等公益性投入。第二是加強(qiáng)森林公園管理,提升的森林公園自身造血能力,積極完善森林公園規(guī)劃和經(jīng)營方案編制,為資金投入提供依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。第三是在積極引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資本投入森林公園開發(fā)的同時(shí),對社會(huì)資本的開發(fā)行為進(jìn)行規(guī)范,避免過于追求短期利益的行為。最后,平衡區(qū)域間森林公園投入結(jié)構(gòu),加強(qiáng)“東部地區(qū)反哺中西部地區(qū)”并加大對東北地區(qū)森林公園的投入。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the importance of ecological protection and the rapid development of forest tourism in the global scope, China's forest tourism has ushered in an important opportunity period. The forest park is the main carrier of forest tourism. At present, there are 2984 forest parks in our country, covering an area of 17.56 million hectares. The annual tourist reception is 500 million people, and the comprehensive income is 59 billion yuan. However, due to the limitation of objective conditions and the limitation of the guiding ideology of forest park development in our country in the past, the development of forest park in our country lags behind that of other industries, and it faces a lot of problems. Among them, the huge contradiction between the investment of forest park funds and the development fund demand of forest park has become the biggest bottleneck restricting the development of forest park in our country. Based on the three effects of ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit of forest park, the investment of forest park is increased, and the investment structure of forest park in our country is optimized. To realize the development of forest park is an important subject in front of us. Based on the theory of financial investment and financing, this paper adopts the data of forest park construction and management from 2003 to 2013 on the basis of synthesizing the research theory of forest park investment and financing at home and abroad. This paper analyzes the development process and present situation of the investment structure of forest parks in China, and on the basis of theoretical and data analysis, compares the present situation of the investment in national parks between China's provinces and cities and the United States. The results show that: the contradiction between the large demand of forest park funds and the insufficient investment intensity is prominent, the structure of capital investment is unreasonable, the amount of financial input is small, the regional investment structure is not balanced obviously, and the regional investment structure is not balanced obviously. The fund accumulation rate of forest park itself is slow, the proportion of investment structure is too small, the social capital investment is restricted by the management system, the enthusiasm is weak, and the short-term benefit is paid too much attention to. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, current situation analysis and national comparison, this paper puts forward some strategies to solve the problem: firstly, we should increase the financial input of forest parks. Establish and improve the long-term mechanism of financial investment and increase public welfare investment in environmental protection and infrastructure. The second is to strengthen the forest park management, enhance the forest park's own hematopoiesis ability, actively improve the forest park planning and management program, and provide the basis and guidance for the capital investment. Third, while actively guiding social capital into forest park development, we should standardize the development behavior of social capital and avoid the behavior of pursuing short-term benefits too much. Finally, the investment structure of the inter-regional forest park should be balanced, the eastern region should be fed back to the central and western regions, and the investment in the northeast forest park should be increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU986.52;F592

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本文編號(hào)：2226265