本文選題：古村鎮(zhèn) + 產(chǎn)權(quán)　； 參考：《上海社會科學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：古村鎮(zhèn)旅游由于其豐富的歷史文化內(nèi)涵和優(yōu)美的自然環(huán)境,成為當(dāng)下最為熱門的旅游類型之一,但在古村鎮(zhèn)旅游開發(fā)的過程中,出現(xiàn)了大量的古建筑損毀、過度商業(yè)化及當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窨咕芡鈦碛慰偷炔焕诠糯彐?zhèn)可持續(xù)開發(fā)的現(xiàn)象。如何實現(xiàn)古村鎮(zhèn)的可持續(xù)性開發(fā)是個很有挑戰(zhàn)性和現(xiàn)實意義的研究題目,無論是對于古村鎮(zhèn)旅游的新進入者還是現(xiàn)有的古村鎮(zhèn)旅游經(jīng)營者。 本文在對相關(guān)古村鎮(zhèn)進行實地調(diào)研,對不同的利益主體進行深度訪談的基礎(chǔ)上,主要做了以下幾個方面的研究。 首先,提出了古村鎮(zhèn)歷史文化遺產(chǎn)包括古建筑、民俗風(fēng)情及人文氛圍,蘊含在其中的無形資源是古村鎮(zhèn)的核心資源,而這些無形資源也應(yīng)該擁有完整的產(chǎn)權(quán),即包括所有權(quán)、占有權(quán)、使用權(quán)和收益權(quán)在內(nèi)的多項權(quán)利。 其次,利用產(chǎn)權(quán)理論對古村鎮(zhèn)旅游開發(fā)的現(xiàn)有模式進行了重新分類,并指出現(xiàn)有古村鎮(zhèn)現(xiàn)有主要問題是過度商業(yè)化、居民改善自身居住條件的欲望和文化遺產(chǎn)保護之間的矛盾、民俗文化資源保護艱難、商業(yè)模式不合理和產(chǎn)業(yè)升級困難五個方面的問題。 第三,通過旅游業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理論和古村鎮(zhèn)的特點,創(chuàng)造性地從旅游開發(fā)的角度提出了系統(tǒng)的衡量古村鎮(zhèn)旅游開發(fā)可持續(xù)性的指標(biāo)維度,即本地居民生活改善度、歷史文化遺產(chǎn)保護完好度和持續(xù)可觀的經(jīng)濟效益,為后續(xù)對不同模式可持續(xù)性的評價打好了理論基礎(chǔ),為可持續(xù)性地開發(fā)古村鎮(zhèn)提出了行為指引。 第四,以周莊為例,闡明周莊旅游開發(fā)的特點是政府主導(dǎo),旅游資源產(chǎn)權(quán)分散,其效益可觀,居民生活有明顯改善,但歷史文化遺產(chǎn)受損嚴(yán)重且面臨產(chǎn)業(yè)升級困境。并提出歷史文化遺產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán)界定清楚、對商業(yè)指標(biāo)進行拍賣和產(chǎn)權(quán)股權(quán)置換解決產(chǎn)權(quán)升級困境的建議建言。并得出產(chǎn)權(quán)分散型開發(fā)模式歷史文化遺產(chǎn)產(chǎn)權(quán)易界定不清、歷史文化遺產(chǎn)容易遭到破壞、易過度商業(yè)化、易產(chǎn)生利益分配糾紛和產(chǎn)業(yè)升級困境較大的結(jié)論。 第五,以烏鎮(zhèn)為例,指出烏鎮(zhèn)模式具有旅游資源產(chǎn)權(quán)集中,企業(yè)化運作機制、穿衣戴帽,歷史文化遺產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變旅游產(chǎn)品、改善當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆詈彤a(chǎn)業(yè)升級順利的特點,并指出烏鎮(zhèn)模式成熟且可復(fù)制性強、可持續(xù)性強。由此得出產(chǎn)權(quán)集中型開發(fā)模式的特點為商業(yè)運營無阻礙,產(chǎn)業(yè)升級無障礙、自發(fā)保護歷史文化遺產(chǎn),實現(xiàn)經(jīng)營利潤和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆蠲黠@改善。
[Abstract]:Because of its rich historical and cultural connotation and beautiful natural environment, ancient village and town tourism has become one of the most popular tourist types, but in the process of tourism development of ancient villages and towns, a large number of ancient buildings have been damaged. Excessive commercialization and local residents' resistance to foreign tourists are not conducive to sustainable development of ancient villages and towns. How to realize the sustainable development of ancient villages and towns is a challenging and practical research topic, whether for the new entrants of ancient villages and towns tourism or the existing tourism operators of ancient villages and towns. On the basis of field investigation and in-depth interview of different stakeholders, this paper mainly studies the following aspects. First of all, it is put forward that the historical and cultural heritage of ancient villages and towns includes ancient buildings, folk customs and cultural atmosphere, in which intangible resources are the core resources of ancient villages and towns, and these intangible resources should also have complete property rights, that is, ownership. A number of rights, including possession, right to use, and right to gain. Secondly, using the theory of property right, this paper reclassifies the existing mode of tourism development in ancient villages and towns, and points out that the main problems of the existing ancient villages and towns are excessive commercialization, the contradiction between residents' desire to improve their own living conditions and the protection of cultural heritage. Folk culture resources protection is difficult, business model is unreasonable and industry upgrading is difficult. Thirdly, through the theory of sustainable development of tourism and the characteristics of ancient villages and towns, this paper creatively puts forward the index dimension of evaluating the sustainability of tourism development of ancient villages and towns, that is, the improvement degree of local residents' living conditions from the perspective of tourism development. The intact degree of historical and cultural heritage protection and sustained considerable economic benefits lay a good theoretical foundation for the subsequent evaluation of the sustainability of different models and provide a behavioral guide for the sustainable development of ancient villages and towns. Fourthly, taking Zhouzhuang as an example, this paper illustrates that the characteristics of Zhouzhuang's tourism development are the government leading, the property rights of tourism resources are dispersed, the benefits are considerable, the residents' life has been improved obviously, but the historical and cultural heritage is seriously damaged and facing the dilemma of industrial upgrading. It also puts forward some suggestions on defining the property rights of historical and cultural heritage clearly, auctioning the commercial indexes and replacing the equity of property rights to solve the dilemma of property rights upgrading. The conclusion that the property right of historical and cultural heritage is easy to be defined is unclear, the historical and cultural heritage is easy to be destroyed, is easy to be overcommercialized, and it is easy to produce benefit distribution disputes and the dilemma of industrial upgrading. Fifthly, taking Wuzhen as an example, it points out that Wuzhen has the characteristics of centralized property rights of tourism resources, enterprise-oriented operation mechanism, wearing clothes and hats, transforming tourism products into historical and cultural heritage, improving local residents' lives and upgrading their industries smoothly. It is pointed out that Wuzhen model is mature, reproducible and sustainable. It is concluded that the characteristics of the centralized development mode of property rights are that the commercial operation is unhindered, the industrial upgrading is unobstructed, the historical and cultural heritage is protected spontaneously, and the operating profit and local residents' life are obviously improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F592.7

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