本文選題：西北五省區(qū) + 區(qū)域合作��； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：跨區(qū)域旅游合作是當(dāng)今旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的新趨勢(shì)之一,可實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域旅游資源共享、市場(chǎng)協(xié)作互補(bǔ),優(yōu)化旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu),盡量避免無(wú)序開(kāi)發(fā)、無(wú)序競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、無(wú)序管理等突出問(wèn)題,謀求區(qū)域旅游業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。西北地區(qū)現(xiàn)階段由于資源的互補(bǔ)性、產(chǎn)品的跨區(qū)域性和市場(chǎng)的共享性,有必要進(jìn)一步加大區(qū)域旅游合作,打破地域界限,實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)化配置,加強(qiáng)區(qū)域一體化開(kāi)發(fā),提升和優(yōu)化區(qū)域旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu),達(dá)到資源、市場(chǎng)、產(chǎn)品、信息、人才等多方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)與分工合作。西北五省區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、資源稟賦、交通區(qū)位、旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)政策與發(fā)展環(huán)境等條件存在一定差異,在空間布局上具有不平衡、異質(zhì)性與區(qū)域性特征,因此其旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)的形態(tài)、功能和效益等具有顯著差異。例如,該區(qū)域旅游合作缺乏制度化,沒(méi)有建立起整體的跨區(qū)域旅游合作理念,共享型信息平臺(tái)和多層次合作機(jī)制,因而旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)亟待整合和優(yōu)化,實(shí)現(xiàn)跨區(qū)域旅游合作,制定針對(duì)性強(qiáng)、行之有效的區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)控政策,具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。 實(shí)行區(qū)域旅游合作,是在承認(rèn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的前提下,將局部的對(duì)立變成更大空間的共存,構(gòu)建一個(gè)和諧統(tǒng)一的整體區(qū)域,有利于提高區(qū)域整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,是一個(gè)互惠互利、互贏的過(guò)程；形成良性互動(dòng)的競(jìng)合機(jī)制。競(jìng)合模式是區(qū)域旅游理想的發(fā)展模式,實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域旅游發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和環(huán)境效益最大化。 本文對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究做了綜合述評(píng)。闡述了區(qū)域旅游合作的基礎(chǔ)理論、研究背景、合作趨向、現(xiàn)實(shí)意義、列舉了實(shí)踐舉措；闡述了跨區(qū)域合作的空間結(jié)構(gòu)理論的內(nèi)涵、機(jī)制與模式等；歸納了相關(guān)概念以及區(qū)域合作的旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)理論模式,以西北五省區(qū)為例,在西北區(qū)域旅游現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上,由點(diǎn)、軸到網(wǎng),嘗試構(gòu)建西北區(qū)域旅游空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)和圈層。從理論到實(shí)踐,從城市旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力及跨區(qū)域旅游線路視角,實(shí)踐依據(jù)包括構(gòu)建西北區(qū)旅游空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)、拓展西北跨區(qū)域旅游線路網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局、共同推動(dòng)旅游圈的發(fā)展與壯大,即連點(diǎn)成線、交線成網(wǎng)、擴(kuò)網(wǎng)成面、合網(wǎng)成界；旅游空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)、圈層結(jié)構(gòu)理論包括城市旅游網(wǎng)絡(luò)的構(gòu)建,“點(diǎn)、線、面”空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式的演進(jìn)機(jī)制及模式的實(shí)施,西北跨區(qū)域旅游網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式的構(gòu)建,旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化整合,構(gòu)建旅游區(qū)與旅游圈。 本文運(yùn)用定性和定量,靜態(tài)與動(dòng)態(tài)分析相結(jié)合等方法,綜合運(yùn)用了西北五省區(qū)旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率評(píng)價(jià)分析,五省區(qū)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)總體評(píng)價(jià)分析,五省區(qū)旅游客源市場(chǎng)總體評(píng)價(jià)分析,五省區(qū)城市旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力總體評(píng)價(jià)分析的研究方法。 論文得出了以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論： 第一,西北地區(qū)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)(企業(yè))發(fā)展在空間上呈現(xiàn)出總體不平衡。各省區(qū)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)(企業(yè))市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和拓展能力差、處于一種空間上的集中,產(chǎn)業(yè)上的離散狀態(tài)；1999-2011年,本區(qū)的各項(xiàng)旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)總體呈上升趨勢(shì),為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)做出了一定的貢獻(xiàn)；旅游業(yè)總體不均衡,入境和國(guó)內(nèi)客源市場(chǎng)旅游規(guī)模的絕對(duì)差異增長(zhǎng)迅速,旅游市場(chǎng)規(guī)模差異的不均衡、集聚程度越來(lái)越顯著,且逐年增強(qiáng),相對(duì)差異變化不大,空間分布格局較穩(wěn)定。 第二,采用城市旅游競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,劃定了西北地區(qū)一至四級(jí)旅游中心城市,嘗試構(gòu)建一個(gè)由西安、蘭州、烏魯木齊等一級(jí)旅游中心城市為主導(dǎo),二級(jí)旅游中心城市為支撐,三、四級(jí)旅游中心城市為基礎(chǔ),形成結(jié)構(gòu)合理、功能互補(bǔ)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化旅游中心城市體系。圍繞中心城市體系,構(gòu)建九大城市旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)圈,形成由點(diǎn)及面,多極、多層次的城市旅游圈層結(jié)構(gòu)。 第三,西北區(qū)旅游景區(qū)(點(diǎn))、客源市場(chǎng)、旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)、旅游交通、旅游組織、城市網(wǎng)絡(luò)等各個(gè)子網(wǎng)絡(luò)共同構(gòu)成旅游目的地中的互補(bǔ)、協(xié)作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的區(qū)域大旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)體系,實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)的有機(jī)整合。拓展西北跨區(qū)域旅游線路網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局,整合旅游線路,突破行政界線,以點(diǎn)帶線、帶面,連點(diǎn)成線、連線成網(wǎng)；即：圍繞中心城市體系和城市梯度旅游圈層建設(shè),通過(guò)跨區(qū)域、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化旅游線路設(shè)計(jì)和整合,立足于“大絲路”,“西北大通道”,構(gòu)建真正意義上的完整、穩(wěn)定、緊密的西北跨區(qū)域旅游空間網(wǎng)絡(luò) 旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)層次表現(xiàn)為若干等級(jí)層次的旅游合作區(qū)域,相互交織,圈層相套。應(yīng)充分利用區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)勢(shì)和資源,實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域空間結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢(shì)整合,找到符合自身實(shí)際的旅游發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和途徑。 第四,理順行政體制、以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向,全面加強(qiáng)旅游合作,即構(gòu)建旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化及實(shí)施的策略。主要體現(xiàn)在空間上的整體性,以旅游集散中心為支撐、以旅游區(qū)為最基本單元空間結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化；以旅游線路為紐帶的空間結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化；形成由點(diǎn)及面,層層推進(jìn)的多極化、多層次的圈層結(jié)構(gòu)。提升旅游企業(yè)跨區(qū)域合作競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力,建立跨省市的旅游企業(yè)集團(tuán)；打造西北區(qū)專項(xiàng)旅游產(chǎn)品、精品,打造西北地域、民族特色的旅游商品網(wǎng),提升西北區(qū)旅游品牌競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,優(yōu)化旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建西北跨區(qū)域旅游產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)；打破西北區(qū)域限制,完善旅游市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行環(huán)境,優(yōu)化市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建多層次、開(kāi)放、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有序的西北旅游市場(chǎng)協(xié)作網(wǎng)絡(luò)；完善跨區(qū)域合作的支撐體系。包括完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)；梯度開(kāi)發(fā)旅游人力資源；實(shí)現(xiàn)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)一體化。圈層構(gòu)建九大城市旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)圈。 西北區(qū)旅游空間結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化應(yīng)該從“點(diǎn)、線、面”幾方面展開(kāi),建立合作、互補(bǔ)、均衡、和諧發(fā)展的空間關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)“城市—區(qū)域”與“市場(chǎng)—資源”共軛型的空間結(jié)構(gòu)綜合體。逐步構(gòu)建規(guī)模等級(jí)完整、職能類型互補(bǔ)、空間結(jié)構(gòu)合理的旅游城市層級(jí)體系,采用“點(diǎn)軸推進(jìn)、縱深輻射、區(qū)域聯(lián)動(dòng)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)開(kāi)發(fā)、圈層結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合的一區(qū)域多極化、多層次、圈層式的旅游聯(lián)合模式。由“點(diǎn)”到“軸”再到“網(wǎng)”的演進(jìn)機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)西北地區(qū)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)化+多核心+互動(dòng)”發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)一體化。
[Abstract]:Inter regional tourism cooperation is one of the new trends in the development of tourism. It can realize regional tourism resources sharing, market cooperation complementation, optimize tourism space structure, avoid unordered development, disordered competition, disordered management and other outstanding problems, and seek the sustainable development of regional tourism. It is necessary to further increase regional tourism cooperation, break regional tourism cooperation, break regional boundaries, realize optimal allocation, strengthen regional integrated development, enhance and optimize regional tourism space structure, and achieve the complementary advantages and cooperation of resources, markets, products, information and talents. The economic water of the five provinces and regions in Northwest China. There are certain differences in resource endowment, traffic location, tourism industry policy and development environment. There are uneven, heterogeneous and regional characteristics in spatial distribution. Therefore, there are significant differences in the form, function and benefit of the spatial structure of tourism. For example, the regional tourism cooperation is not institutionalized and has not established a whole span. The concept of regional tourism cooperation, sharing information platform and multi-level cooperation mechanism, therefore, the tourism space structure needs to be integrated and optimized, to realize cross regional tourism cooperation and to formulate a strong and effective regional tourism industry regulation policy, which has important theoretical and practical meaning.
The implementation of regional tourism cooperation is to transform the local antagonism into the coexistence of greater space on the premise of recognition of competition, to build a harmonious and unified whole area, to improve the overall competitiveness of the region, to be a mutually beneficial and win-win process, to form a competitive and interactive competition mechanism. Competition mode is the development model of regional tourism ideal. To maximize the economic, social and environmental benefits of regional tourism development.
This paper makes a comprehensive review on the related research at home and abroad, expounds the basic theory of regional tourism cooperation, the research background, the trend of cooperation and the practical significance, and enumerates the practical measures, expounds the connotation, mechanism and mode of the spatial structure theory of cross regional cooperation, and sums up the concept of the phase and the theory of the tourism space structure of regional cooperation. The model, taking the northwest five provinces as an example, tries to construct the northwest regional tourism space network and circle on the basis of the analysis of the present situation of the northwest region tourism, and tries to construct the northwest regional tourism space network and circle. From theory to practice, from the perspective of urban tourism competitiveness and cross regional tourism line, the practice is based on the construction of the northwest tourism space network and the expansion of the northwest trans regional brigade. The layout of the line network will jointly promote the development and expansion of the tourism circle, that is, the line of links, the network of intersection, the expansion of the network and the boundary of the network; the tourism space network, the theory of the circle structure, the construction of the urban tourism network, the evolution mechanism and the implementation of the pattern of "point, line and surface", and the construction of the model of the northwest trans regional tourism network. Build and optimize the integration of tourism spatial structure, and build tourist areas and tourism circles.
By means of qualitative and quantitative and static and dynamic analysis, this paper comprehensively uses the evaluation and analysis of the contribution rate of tourism economic growth in the five provinces and regions of Northwest China, the overall evaluation and analysis of the tourism industry in five provinces, the overall evaluation and analysis of the tourist source market in the five provinces and the overall evaluation and analysis of the urban tourism competitiveness in the five provinces and regions.
The paper draws the following conclusions:
First, the development of tourism industry (enterprise) in the northwest region shows an overall imbalance in the space. The competition and expansion of the tourism industry (enterprise) in various provinces and regions is poor, in a spatial concentration and in the discrete state of the industry; in the 1999-2011 year, the tourism economic indicators in this area are generally on the rise, making the economic growth of the national economy. A certain contribution; the overall imbalance of tourism industry, the rapid growth of the absolute difference between the inbound and domestic tourist market, the disequilibrium of the difference in the scale of the tourism market, the increasing degree of agglomeration, and the increase year by year, the relatively small changes in relative differences, and the stability of the spatial distribution pattern.
Second, using the evaluation index system of urban tourism competitiveness, we have delimited the one to four tourist center cities in Northwest China, try to build a tourist center city, which is dominated by Xi'an, Lanzhou, Urumqi and other tourist center cities, and the two tourism center cities are supported, three and four tourism center cities as the basis, forming a reasonable structure and complementary function network. Collaterals the city system of tourism center. Around the central city system, the tourism economic circle of nine cities is constructed, and the urban tourism circle structure is formed from point to face, multipole and multi-level.
Third, the northwest tourist attractions (point), the tourist market, the tourist industry, the tourism transportation, the tourism organization, the city network and other sub networks constitute the complementary, cooperative and competitive regional tourism industrial system in the tourism destination, and realize the organic integration of the tourism space structure. Travel routes, break through the administrative boundaries, take line, face, and connect lines to form a network; that is, the construction of the central city system and the urban gradient tourism circle, the design and integration of the network tourism routes through the cross region, the "big Silk Road", "the northwest big channel", and the construction of a complete, stable and close north-west span in the real sense. Regional tourism space network
The structure of the tourism space is characterized by a number of hierarchical tourism cooperation areas, interwoven with each other, and the circle of circles. We should make full use of the advantages and resources of regional economic development, realize the integration of regional spatial structure and industrial structure, and find the strategies and ways of tourism development in accordance with their own reality.
Fourth, straighten out the administrative system, take the market as the guidance, strengthen the tourism cooperation in an all-round way, that is, to construct the strategy of optimizing and implementing the tourism space structure, which is mainly embodied in the spatial integrity, taking the tourism distribution center as the support, and optimizing the spatial structure of the tourism area as the most basic unit, and optimizing the spatial structure with the tourist route as the link; forming the formation of the space structure; Point and surface, multipolarization and multi-level circle structure, promote the cross regional cooperation and competition ability of tourism enterprises, establish inter provincial tourism enterprise groups, create special tourism products in the northwest, build northwest region and national characteristic tourism commodity network, raise the competitiveness of tourism brand in northwest area, and optimize the tourism space structure. Construction of the northwest regional tourism product structure network; break the northwest regional restrictions, improve the operating environment of the tourism market, optimize the market structure, build a multi-level, open, orderly competitive northwest tourism market cooperation network, improve the support system for cross regional cooperation, including improving the infrastructure construction, the gradient development of Tourism human resources; Now the information network is integrated. The ninth metropolitan tourism economic circle is built in the circle.
The optimization of the spatial structure of tourism in Northwest China should be carried out from the aspects of "point, line and surface" to establish the spatial relationship of cooperation, complementarity, balance and harmonious development, and realize the complex space structure complex of "City area" and "market resource", and gradually build a tourist city with complete scale, complementary function type and reasonable space structure. The hierarchical system uses the "point axis propulsion, the depth radiation, the regional linkage, the network development, the layer structure combining a regional multi polarization, multi-level, circle type tourism joint model. From" point "to" axis "to" network ", the development trend of" network network + multi core + interaction "in Northwest China is integrated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F592.7

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