本文選題：風(fēng)景道　切入點(diǎn)：美國國家風(fēng)景道計(jì)劃　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：風(fēng)景道由景觀道路發(fā)展而來,經(jīng)過美國交通部及公路管理部門的官方認(rèn)定,指路旁或視域范圍內(nèi)具有特殊的風(fēng)景、歷史、游憩、文化、考古和/或者自然品質(zhì)的公共道路。在美國,由國家風(fēng)景道計(jì)劃的指導(dǎo)已形成了一套完整的風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系,包括評(píng)估程序和提名材料、評(píng)估管理機(jī)構(gòu)、評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)估方法等內(nèi)容,使得風(fēng)景道申請和認(rèn)定工作蓬勃發(fā)展,在全美范圍內(nèi)建立了龐大的風(fēng)景道網(wǎng)絡(luò),為資源保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供了新的發(fā)展思路。而我國也越來越重視道路交通之外的景觀、環(huán)境和資源保護(hù)功能。2000年之后我國也建立了幾條風(fēng)景道,而且生態(tài)公路、旅游公路、景觀公路和目前影響較大的珠三角綠道網(wǎng)、海南旅游公路等類風(fēng)景道的建設(shè)也如火如荼。但國內(nèi)對于這類道路的研究缺少體系,概念眾多,沒有形成具有指導(dǎo)和實(shí)踐意義的理論。 因此,本文在美國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系和國內(nèi)相關(guān)評(píng)價(jià)體系兩大內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建中國風(fēng)景道的評(píng)估體系,以期為我國風(fēng)景道體系的識(shí)別、認(rèn)定和發(fā)展建設(shè)提供理論基礎(chǔ)。 首先對美國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系進(jìn)行研究。通過對風(fēng)景道相關(guān)文件的解讀,梳理和分析出美國國家風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系的理論基礎(chǔ),然后分別選取了國家級(jí)和州級(jí)風(fēng)景道案例對該體系的實(shí)踐運(yùn)用進(jìn)行說明。通過對發(fā)展成熟的美國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系的研究,弄清了風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系包含的主要內(nèi)容——評(píng)估管理機(jī)構(gòu)、評(píng)估程序、評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)估方法,并確定了風(fēng)景道評(píng)估的核心即對道路及廊道內(nèi)在品質(zhì)的評(píng)價(jià)。 然后構(gòu)建中國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系并進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。在美國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合國內(nèi)有關(guān)道路景觀評(píng)價(jià)和各類資源評(píng)價(jià)的相關(guān)理論與方法,構(gòu)建出適合我國國情的中國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系,核心是道路及廊道內(nèi)在品質(zhì)分類分級(jí)評(píng)價(jià)體系,是結(jié)合美國風(fēng)景道定性評(píng)價(jià)和國內(nèi)相關(guān)定量評(píng)價(jià)而成的一套綜合的評(píng)價(jià)體系。然后以109國道京西段為例進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究,對我國風(fēng)景道評(píng)估體系進(jìn)行了初步探討。
[Abstract]:Scenic roads are developed from landscape roads and are officially recognized by the US Department of Transportation and Highway Administration as having special scenery, history, recreation, and culture along the road or within the horizon. Archaeological and / or natural quality public roads. In the United States, guided by the National Landscape Road Program, a complete landscape assessment system has been developed, including assessment procedures and nomination materials, evaluation management agencies, The contents of the evaluation criteria and evaluation methods have made the application and identification of scenic roads flourish, and a huge network of scenic roads has been established across the United States. This has provided a new way of development for the protection of resources and economic development. China has also paid more and more attention to the functions of landscape, environment and resource protection outside road traffic. After 2000, China has also established several scenic roads, and ecological highways and tourist roads. The construction of landscape highway and green road network of Pearl River Delta and Hainan tourist road are also in full swing. However, the research on this kind of roads in China is lack of system, and there are many concepts. No theory of guiding and practical significance has been formed. Therefore, on the basis of the evaluation system of the American landscape road and the domestic related evaluation system, this paper constructs the evaluation system of the Chinese landscape road, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the identification, identification and development of the landscape road system in China. First of all, this paper studies the evaluation system of American scenic roads. Through the interpretation of the relevant documents of scenic roads, the theoretical basis of the evaluation system of national scenic roads in the United States is summarized and analyzed. Then selected the national and state level landscape path cases to explain the practical application of the system. Through the development of the mature United States landscape road evaluation system research, This paper clarifies the main contents of the evaluation system of scenic roads-the evaluation management organization, the evaluation procedure, the evaluation criteria and the evaluation methods, and determines the evaluation of the inner quality of the roads and corridors, which is the core of the evaluation of the scenic roads. Based on the evaluation system of American landscape road, combining the relevant theories and methods of road landscape evaluation and all kinds of resource evaluation in China, the paper constructs the evaluation system of Chinese landscape road and carries on the empirical research, and combines the relevant theories and methods of the road landscape evaluation and all kinds of resources evaluation. The core of this system is the classification and grading system of internal quality of roads and corridors. It is a comprehensive evaluation system based on the qualitative evaluation of the American scenic road and the quantitative evaluation in China. Then taking the western section of National Highway 109 as an example, the paper makes a preliminary discussion on the evaluation system of the scenic road in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F592;F224

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