本文關(guān)鍵詞： 游客安全感 旅游目的地 安全期望 安全感知 安全認(rèn)知評價　出處：《華僑大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：安全感是旅游目的地安全狀況的“晴雨表”，是游客在旅游目的地最基本需求。新時期、新形勢下，國內(nèi)國際各種復(fù)雜因素，使旅游安全的不確定性愈發(fā)凸顯。旅游目的地各種安全事故頻發(fā)，不僅給旅游者人身、財物安全造成了損失，更重要的是旅游目的地形象受到重創(chuàng)，游客安全感受到影響。為此，研究游客安全感就顯得尤為重要和十分迫切。 本研究在分析、歸納總結(jié)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和挖掘游客在線投訴案例的文本數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上，闡述了旅游目的地游客安全感的概念、影響因素、形成機(jī)理，基于奧利沃（Oliver,1980）的期望差異理論，構(gòu)建了旅游目的地游客安全感測評模型，并對模型的普遍適用性進(jìn)行擬合檢驗(yàn)，使用多元回歸分析對游客安全期望、安全感知、安全感影響因子等之間關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究，得出了如下結(jié)論： （1）游客安全感是指游客在旅游過程中的特定時空條件下，不受危險、不受外界因素干擾而免于承受身心壓力、傷害或財物損失等綜合主觀心理感受，是旅游者對旅游目的地安全客觀狀況的主觀感受，是主觀訴諸于客觀的行為過程。 （2）旅游目的地游客安全感的形成過程是以游客的購買決策、參與體驗(yàn)、認(rèn)知評價整個過程為時空主線，是基于對旅游目的地安全期望——安全感知的認(rèn)知心理和旅游活動的行為過程。 （3）通過對游客在線投訴案例的文本內(nèi)容進(jìn)行質(zhì)性分析，得出了游客安全感影響的五個因素，即：治安狀況、旅游環(huán)境、服務(wù)內(nèi)容、地域文化和安全信息。同時使用多元統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件SPSS18.0，通過因子分析，提取了游客安全期望與感知五個維度因子，驗(yàn)證了質(zhì)性分析的結(jié)論。 （4）在因子分析的基礎(chǔ)上，將提取的游客安全感影響因素的安全期望與感知的公因子作為自變量，采用多元統(tǒng)計(jì)的逐步回歸分析方法（Stepwise Multi-regression Analysis），檢驗(yàn)游客安全期望、安全感知、安全認(rèn)知評價與游客安全感等之間的關(guān)系，并使用回歸分析得到的路徑系數(shù)對游客安全感測評模型進(jìn)行了擬合。在擬合檢驗(yàn)過程中，使用山岳型、濱海型、鄉(xiāng)村型和總體樣本數(shù)據(jù)分別對游客安全感模型進(jìn)行擬合檢驗(yàn)，一致發(fā)現(xiàn)模型擬合較好，因此認(rèn)為旅游目的地游客安全感測評模型具有普遍適用性。 （5）為進(jìn)一步研究游客安全感的影響因素對游客的影響程度，采用K-Means均值快速聚類法，將游客劃分為“平衡型”、“謹(jǐn)慎型”和“冒險型”3類。通過使用旅游目的地游客安全感系數(shù)和游客安全感指數(shù)兩個評價指標(biāo)對三類旅游目的地的安全狀況進(jìn)行評價，，結(jié)果顯示：山岳、濱海、鄉(xiāng)村型三類旅游目的地游客安全感偏低，應(yīng)該引起高度重視。 游客安全感對于提高旅游價值、增加重游率、產(chǎn)生地方感等都有重要影響，由此，旅游目的地提升和強(qiáng)化游客安全感顯得十分必要。本研究提出旅游目的地“四位一體”的提升和強(qiáng)化策略，即培育理性的游客、營造安全的旅游環(huán)境、運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代的安全技術(shù)和選擇科學(xué)的傳播渠道。
[Abstract]:Sense of security is a safe tourist destination status "barometer", the tourists in the tourist destination. The most basic needs of the new period, the new situation, a variety of domestic and international tourism complex factors, the uncertainty of the safety is becoming increasingly prominent. Frequent travel destination and all kinds of accidents, not only to the tourist person, the loss of property caused by safety is more important tourism destination image has been hit, the safety of tourists feel the effect. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to study the safety of tourists.
Based on the analysis of text data, summarizing relevant literatures and mining tourists online complaint cases, expounds the concept of tourism destination security factors, formation mechanism, based on Olivo (Oliver, 1980) the expected difference theory, constructs the evaluation model of tourist destination security, and fitting test the general applicability of the model, analysis of the safety of tourists' perception of safety expectations, using multiple regression, the relationship between security factors and so on, and draws the following conclusion:
(1) tourist security refers to tourists of certain historical conditions in the tourism process, from danger, from outside interference from under physical and mental pressure, damage or loss to subjective psychological feeling, is the perception of tourist destination safety objective condition, subjective behavior is to resort to the process of the objective.
(2) the formation of tourists' sense of security is based on tourists' purchase decisions, participation and cognition. The whole process is the main thread of time and space. It's based on the cognition of travel destinations safety expectation, the perception of safety and the behavior process of tourist activities.
(3) qualitative analysis through the text content to visitors online complaints, the five factors, namely: the influence of tourists security services security situation, tourism environment, regional culture and information security. At the same time, the use of multivariate statistical software SPSS18.0, through the factor analysis, extraction of the safety of tourists expectation and perception five the dimensions of factors, verify the qualitative analysis conclusion.
(4) on the basis of factor analysis, factors affecting the safety of the sense of expectation and perception factors from the safety of tourists as the independent variable, stepwise regression analysis using multivariate statistics (Stepwise Multi-regression Analysis), test the safety of tourists expected, a sense of security, the relationship between safety evaluation and safety of tourists cognitive sense. And use the regression analysis path coefficient obtained on tourist security evaluation model was fitted. The fitting in the inspection process, the use of mountain type, coastal, and rural population sample data respectively for tourists security model test, found the same model fit better, so that the tourist destination has the sense of security evaluation model general applicability.
(5) for further studies on the influential factors of tourists security impact on tourists, using K-Means means clustering method, the travelers are divided into "balanced", "cautious" and "risk" 3 categories. Through the tourists tourism destination security coefficient and tourists security security situation index two evaluation indexes of three types of tourism destination evaluation results show that: the mountain, Binhai, the safety of tourists three rural tourism destination low sense, should be paid more attention.
Tourist security to improve the tourism value, increase the revisit rate, have the sense of place has great influence, therefore, enhance the tourism destination and it is necessary to strengthen the safety of tourists. This study proposes the tourism destination "four in one" and strengthening strategy, namely cultivating rational tourists, create a safe travel the environment, channels for the use of security technology and scientific modern spread.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F592;F224

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本文編號：1526812