旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)與旅行社利益沖突研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益 旅行社利益 沖突 出處:《南昌大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:旅游消費(fèi)者作為旅行社利益相關(guān)者中重要的一員,與旅行社既對(duì)立又依存。然而旅行社在市場(chǎng)交易中,經(jīng)常犧牲旅游消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益來(lái)滿足自身的利益。目前對(duì)保護(hù)旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的相關(guān)法律法規(guī)還存在不足,尤其是對(duì)低價(jià)團(tuán)隊(duì)中的購(gòu)物糾紛的解決還存在欠缺。因此,很有必要對(duì)旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益與旅行社利益之間的矛盾沖突進(jìn)行研究,以減少旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的損害。 保護(hù)旅游消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益是為了幫助旅游消費(fèi)者滿足其旅游需求,即獲得物美價(jià)廉、帶來(lái)旅行享受的旅游產(chǎn)品,而旅行社降低成本、追求利潤(rùn)是其經(jīng)營(yíng)目的,二者之間的沖突在于雙方利益有差別。沖突的最終表現(xiàn)往往在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益上,在旅游消費(fèi)者眼里,旅游社受利益驅(qū)動(dòng),就會(huì)做出降低服務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、隱滿旅游信息、強(qiáng)迫消費(fèi)等侵害其利益的行為。旅游消費(fèi)者因不滿旅行質(zhì)量,要求旅行社賠償損失,旅行社為規(guī)避經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),極力降低或免除賠償責(zé)任。 目前已有的旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題的研究角度主要是法律方面。本文創(chuàng)新性的從旅游消費(fèi)者權(quán)益與旅行社利益之間的沖突著手,探討了旅游消費(fèi)者與旅行社之間沖突的特殊性及化解沖突的策略。 研究結(jié)果表明,其特殊性表現(xiàn)在旅行社產(chǎn)品的同質(zhì)性、效用與價(jià)格不符、旅行社經(jīng)營(yíng)能力不能滿足旅游消費(fèi)者的需求、產(chǎn)品的內(nèi)涵超出旅游消費(fèi)者的健康等承受能力、主體地位的非平等性。這些沖突損害了旅游消費(fèi)者的法律平等地位權(quán)、產(chǎn)品的選擇權(quán)、知情權(quán)、安全權(quán)、按約旅行權(quán)、公平交易權(quán)等。沖突的原因是旅游消費(fèi)者期望獲得愉悅的旅游經(jīng)歷,而旅行社期望獲得最大的利潤(rùn),二者的目的存在潛在矛盾。旅游消費(fèi)者希望旅游產(chǎn)品價(jià)格低廉,而旅行社低價(jià)銷售后為彌補(bǔ)虧損、獲得利潤(rùn),采取的降低服務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、強(qiáng)制消費(fèi)等方式侵害了旅游消費(fèi)者的合法權(quán)益。 要避免或減少旅游消費(fèi)者與旅行社利益沖突,建議完善旅游相關(guān)法律法規(guī)、加強(qiáng)行業(yè)管理與監(jiān)督、旅行社加強(qiáng)自我質(zhì)量監(jiān)督管理、試行旅行社產(chǎn)品評(píng)估機(jī)制、減少旅行社產(chǎn)品的同質(zhì)性、創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品的盈利點(diǎn)、旅游消費(fèi)者提高維權(quán)意識(shí)與理性消費(fèi)、統(tǒng)一共同目標(biāo)利益,理性協(xié)調(diào)沖突。
[Abstract]:As an important member of travel agency stakeholders, tourist consumers are both opposite and dependent on travel agencies. However, in market transactions, travel agencies, We often sacrifice the rights and interests of tourism consumers to meet their own interests. At present, there are still deficiencies in the relevant laws and regulations on the protection of tourism consumers' rights and interests, especially in the resolution of shopping disputes in low-cost groups. It is necessary to study the conflict between tourist consumer rights and travel agency interests in order to reduce the damage of tourist consumers' rights and interests. The purpose of protecting the rights and interests of tourism consumers is to help tourism consumers meet their tourism needs, that is, to obtain tourism products that are of good quality and cheap and bring about travel enjoyment, while travel agencies reduce costs and pursue profits for their business purposes. The conflict between the two is that there are differences in the interests of both sides. The ultimate manifestation of the conflict is often in the interests of the economy. In the eyes of the tourist consumers, tourism agencies driven by interests will make lower service standards and hide tourism information. In order to avoid the risk of operation, the travel agency tries its best to reduce or exempt the liability of the travel agency because of its dissatisfaction with the quality of the travel and the demand of the travel agency to compensate for the loss. At present, the existing research angle of tourist consumer's rights protection is mainly legal aspect. This article innovatively starts from the conflict between tourist consumer's rights and travel agency's interests. This paper probes into the particularity of the conflict between tourist consumers and travel agencies and the strategies to resolve the conflicts. The results show that its particularity lies in the homogeneity of the travel agency products, the inconsistency between the utility and the price, the inability of the travel agency to meet the needs of the tourist consumers, and the fact that the connotation of the products exceeds the health and other affordability of the tourist consumers. The non-equality of the subject status. These conflicts undermine the right to equal legal status of tourism consumers, the right to choose products, the right to know, the right to security, the right to travel according to contract, The reason for the conflict is that the tourist consumer expects to get a pleasant travel experience, while the travel agency expects to obtain the maximum profit. There is a potential contradiction between the two purposes. The tourist consumer wants the tourism product to be cheap, In order to make up for the loss and gain the profit, the travel agency reduces the service standard and compulsory consumption, which infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of the tourist consumers. To avoid or reduce conflicts of interest between tourism consumers and travel agencies, suggestions should be made to improve tourism related laws and regulations, strengthen industry management and supervision, strengthen self-quality supervision and control, and try out a mechanism for evaluating travel agency products. Reducing the homogeneity of travel agency products, innovating the profit points of the products, raising the awareness of safeguarding rights and rational consumption, unifying the common goal and interests, coordinating rationally the conflict.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:F592.6;F203
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