【摘要】：在實施計劃生育政策之前和之后,我國城鄉(xiāng)之間的人口出生率都存在巨大的差別。如果說不同的政策允許生育水平是計劃生育政策實施之后造成城鄉(xiāng)人口出生率差別的重要因素,但這卻無法解釋計劃生育政策實施之前的差別。作者在論文的第一部分以孩子的成本效用分析法為分析工具,試圖對城鄉(xiāng)家庭生育行為決策作出合理的經(jīng)濟(jì)解釋。 生育秩序也是一種社會秩序,同樣“看不見的手”也在這種秩序的形成中發(fā)揮著巨大的作用。西方人口出生率的轉(zhuǎn)變是一個自發(fā)的過程,“看不見的手”在該過程中起著主導(dǎo)作用,政府并未采取任何強制性的生育政策來促使其發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變;而在我國人口出生率轉(zhuǎn)變的過程中,人口政策的作用是不可低估的(作者堅信我國應(yīng)該而且必須實行計劃生育)。但除了計劃生育的強制作用外,在我國人口出生率轉(zhuǎn)變過程中,“看不見的手”也同時在起作用,而且這種作用越來越強烈。在論文的第二部分作者對以上問題作了深入的探討。 在論文的第三部分,作者以貝克爾的孩子質(zhì)量與數(shù)量的理論為基本分析工具,深入分析了母親教育程度的提高會使得孩子質(zhì)量提高,而使孩子數(shù)量減少;同樣,生育孩子的“固定成本”上升會致使有利于孩子質(zhì)量的替代;最后還解釋了為什么隨著人們收入水平的提高,出生率反而下降和為什么在傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會,家庭普遍選擇了多生多育的生育模式。
[Abstract]:Before and after the implementation of the family planning policy, there are huge differences in the birth rate between urban and rural areas in China. If different policies allow fertility levels to be an important factor behind the birth rate difference between urban and rural areas, it does not explain the differences before the implementation of the family planning policy. In the first part of the paper, the author tries to make a reasonable economic explanation to the decision making of family fertility behavior in urban and rural areas by using the cost-utility analysis method of children as an analytical tool. Reproductive order is also a social order, and the invisible hand also plays a great role in the formation of this order. The transformation of the birth rate in the West is a spontaneous process in which the invisible hand plays a leading role, and the government has not adopted any compulsory fertility policy to promote the change. The role of population policy should not be underestimated during the transition of birth rate in China (the author firmly believes that family planning should and must be carried out in our country). However, in addition to the compulsory role of family planning, the "invisible hand" also plays a role in the process of birth rate transition in China, and this role is becoming more and more intense. In the second part of the thesis, the author makes a deep discussion on the above problems. In the third part of the paper, using Becker's theory of quality and quantity of children as the basic analysis tool, the author deeply analyzes that the improvement of mother's education will improve the quality of children and reduce the number of children. The rise in the "fixed cost" of having a child can lead to a substitute for the quality of the child; finally, it explains why the birth rate has fallen as people's income levels rise and why in traditional agricultural societies, Families generally choose the fertility model of having more children and more children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：F063.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 吳志能;馮家斌;;基于主觀生育率決定模型看城市化對生育率的影響[J];時代經(jīng)貿(mào)(中旬刊);2007年SA期

2 晉良花;章琴;;人口出生率地區(qū)差異對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展影響分析[J];商業(yè)時代;2013年16期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 宋靚s，

本文編號：2255045