本文選題：技術創(chuàng)新 + 經(jīng)濟學　； 參考：《吉林大學》2004年碩士論文

【摘要】：人類進入 ２１ 世紀，技術創(chuàng)新在經(jīng)濟活動中的作用越來越重要，同樣， 近些年來人們對技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的研究也越來越深入，本文以熊彼特的創(chuàng) 新思想為起點，概括性地對技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的發(fā)展過程進行了回顧，進而 對其發(fā)展原因加以分析，總結了這一學科的最新進展以及通過這項研究給 我們帶來的啟示。全文共分為五個部分：　 　　　　第一部分，引言。這一部分簡要地概括了現(xiàn)代技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的理論 淵源及其發(fā)展歷程，進而指出本文的寫作目的，及文章的論述脈絡�！� 　　　　第二部分，熊彼特的創(chuàng)新思想。眾所周知，熊彼特的是現(xiàn)代技術創(chuàng)新 理論的開山鼻祖，對于一篇評述技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的文章而言，回顧熊彼特 的創(chuàng)新思想是有必要的。熊彼特在其 １９１２ 出版的德文版《經(jīng)濟發(fā)展理論》 一書中首次提出了“創(chuàng)新”的概念，自此引發(fā)了近一個世紀的創(chuàng)新研究。 在這部著作中，熊彼特將“經(jīng)濟發(fā)展”看作是“根本的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象”，而“創(chuàng) 新”則是推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的根本動力。熊彼特以創(chuàng)新為核心概念，對信用、 資本、利息以及企業(yè)家等經(jīng)濟運行中的重要基本概念的定義和功能進行重 新表述，形成了自己特有的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展理論體系。此后，在其另外兩部重要 著作《經(jīng)濟周期》和《資本主義、社會主義與民主》中運用其創(chuàng)新思想分 別對資本主義經(jīng)濟波動和社會演進進行了具體分析。盡管其理論學說難免 有其局限和缺陷，但它仍為以后的經(jīng)濟學研究提供了重要的理論線索，具 有重要的開創(chuàng)意義�！� 　　　　第三部分，現(xiàn)代技術創(chuàng)新理論的發(fā)展。由于熊彼特的思想偏離當時新 古典經(jīng)濟學主流，所以《經(jīng)濟發(fā)展理論》一書的出版，并未引起人們的注 意。直到 １９３４ 年此書英文版的問世，情況才略有好轉。但人們真正承認 37 WP=42 熊彼特學說的時間是從 ２０ 世紀 ５０ 年代開始的。熊彼特之后西方學者在技 術創(chuàng)新方面研究工作主要圍繞三個方面展開：一是新古典經(jīng)濟學家為將技 術進步納入到新古典經(jīng)濟學的理論框架中所做的努力，其結果就是以羅伯 特·索洛為代表的新古典經(jīng)濟增長理論以及近年來發(fā)展聲勢頗大的新增 長理論；二是以美國經(jīng)濟學家納爾遜為代表的以進化觀點分析技術創(chuàng)新和 經(jīng)濟增長；三是以英國蘇塞克斯大學科學政策研究所的弗里曼教授為代 表，側重研究技術創(chuàng)新的方式、途徑、機制以及影響因素等問題，經(jīng)驗研 究和案例分析為其突出特點。本文這一部分，簡要地回顧了自哈羅德—多 馬模型以來新古典增長理論的發(fā)展（包括近期發(fā)展起來的新增長理論）， 在此基礎上詳細介紹了技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的進化理論以及其 ＳＰＲＵ 傳統(tǒng)。　 　　　　第四部分，技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學發(fā)展的原因。這一部分對近半個世紀以來 技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的發(fā)展原因進行了分析。作者認為主要包括三個方面：首 先，技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的發(fā)展得益于熊彼特創(chuàng)新思想的召喚。正如前文所說， 盡管自亞當·斯密等古典經(jīng)濟學家以來，人們就已經(jīng)認識到技術進步對經(jīng) 濟發(fā)展的重要意義，但是始終將技術看作經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的外生變量，沒能將其 納入經(jīng)濟分析之中。正是熊彼特最先將技術創(chuàng)新引入了經(jīng)濟分析，而且將 其作為核心概念加以運用。盡管如此，對技術創(chuàng)新的具體機理熊彼特卻沒 有給出令人滿意的解釋，技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學正是為了彌補這一缺陷而應運而 生。其次，技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的發(fā)展針對的是新古典增長理論的致命缺陷。 二戰(zhàn)以后，，宏觀經(jīng)濟學的分析逐漸從對經(jīng)濟波動研究轉移到經(jīng)濟增長上 來，與此同時也越來越注意到技術進步對經(jīng)濟增長的作用。盡管新古典理 論模型經(jīng)過半個世紀的發(fā)展完善，可以說已經(jīng)達到了一種近乎精致的程 度，但是仍未能對技術創(chuàng)新的具體機理進行系統(tǒng)研究，而這些正是技術創(chuàng) 新經(jīng)濟學努力進行的工作。最后，技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的發(fā)展還源于對主流經(jīng) 濟學研究方法的反思。注重規(guī)范分析而缺乏對現(xiàn)實經(jīng)驗的解釋分析是當代 38 WP=43 主流經(jīng)濟理論的一個重要特點，而現(xiàn)代技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的研究企圖彌補這 種規(guī)范分析與解釋分析相割裂的狀態(tài)。由此可見，對研究方法的反思同樣 可以看作是技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學發(fā)展的動力之一。　 　　　　第五部分，總結與啟示。本文這一部分首先對技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學近半個 世紀的發(fā)展進行了簡要總結，進而闡明了其最新的發(fā)展動向。最后作者指 出了通過本文的寫作得出的啟示以及我國技術創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟學的研究現(xiàn)狀。　
[Abstract]:In the twenty-first Century, the role of technological innovation in economic activities is becoming more and more important.
In recent years, research on the economics of technological innovation is getting deeper and deeper. This paper takes bear Pete's creation.
Starting from the new idea, the development process of technological innovation economics is reviewed in general.
The reasons for its development are analyzed, and the latest development of this subject is summarized.
The revelation is divided into five parts.
The first part is an introduction, which briefly summarizes the theory of modern technological innovation economics.
Origin and development process, and then point out the purpose of this article, and the context of the article.
The second part, bear Pete's innovative thinking. As we all know, bear Pete's modern technological innovation.
The founder of the theory, for an article commentary on technological innovation economics, looks back at bear Pete.
Pete's 1912 edition of the German version of "economic development theory" is necessary.
The concept of "innovation" was first put forward in the book, which has triggered nearly a century of innovative research.
In this book, Pete regarded "economic development" as a "fundamental economic phenomenon" and "create".
"New" is the fundamental driving force for economic development. Pete, taking innovation as the core concept, bears on credit.
The definition and function of capital, interest and important basic concepts in economic operation of entrepreneurs are emphasized.
The new expression has formed its own theoretical system of economic development. Since then, there are two other important aspects.
In the book "economic cycle" and "capitalism, socialism and democracy", we use their innovative ideas.
Do not make a concrete analysis of capitalist economic fluctuation and social evolution, though its theory is unavoidable.
It has its limitations and defects, but it still provides important theoretical clues for future economic research.
There is an important pioneering significance.
The third part is the development of modern technology innovation theory. Because Pete's thought deviated from the new theory at that time.
The mainstream of classical economics, so the publication of the book "economic development theory" has not attracted people's attention.
It was not until 1934 that the English version of the book improved slightly, but people really admitted it.
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The time of Pete's theory began in 1950s. After the bear Pete, western scholars were in the process.
There are three main aspects in the research of innovation: first, neo classical economists.
The progress of the study is incorporated into the theoretical framework of neoclassical economics, and the result is Robert Roberts.
The neo classical economic growth theory represented by Te Solo and the great momentum of development in recent years
The two is the analysis of technological innovation from the perspective of evolution, represented by American economist Nelson.
Economic growth; three is based on Professor Freeman, Institute of science policy, Sussex University.
It focuses on the ways, channels, mechanisms and influencing factors of technological innovation.
This part is a brief review of Harold - many.
The development of neoclassical growth theory since the horse model (including the recently developed new growth theory).
On this basis, the evolution theory of technological innovation economics and its SPRU tradition are introduced in detail.
The fourth part is about the reasons for the development of technological innovation economics.
The reasons for the development of technological innovation economics are analyzed. The author thinks that there are three main aspects: first
First, the development of economics of technological innovation benefits from the call of Pete's innovative ideas.
Although Adam Simy and other classical economists have been aware of the progress of technology in the past
The importance of economic development, but always regarded technology as an exogenous variable of economic development, and failed to bring it into play.
In the economic analysis, bear Pete first introduced technological innovation into economic analysis, and will
It is used as a core concept. Nevertheless, Inpet has no specific mechanism for technological innovation.
A satisfactory explanation has been given, and the economics of technological innovation is intended to make up for this shortcoming.
Secondly, the development of technological innovation economics is aimed at the fatal flaw of neoclassical growth theory.
After World War II, the analysis of macroeconomics gradually shifted from economic research to economic growth.
At the same time, more and more attention has been paid to the role of technological progress in economic growth.
After half a century of development and perfection, the model has reached a nearly delicate process.
However, the specific mechanism of technological innovation has not been systematically studied, and these are technological innovations.
Finally, the development of economics of technological innovation also stems from the main stream of economics.
Reflections on the research methods of economics, focusing on normative analysis and lack of interpretation and analysis of practical experience are contemporary.
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An important feature of mainstream economic theory is the study of modern technological innovation economics.
A state of separation between normative analysis and interpretation analysis.
It can be regarded as one of the driving forces for the development of technological innovation economics.
The fifth part is the conclusion and inspiration.
The development of the century is briefly summarized, and its latest development trend is clarified.
The inspiration drawn from the writing of this article and the current research situation of technological innovation economics in China are presented.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：F062.4

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 仲雯雯;我國戰(zhàn)略性海洋新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策研究[D];中國海洋大學;2011年

2 黃海明;我國高新技術產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策研究[D];中共中央黨校;2010年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 劉春梅;企業(yè)家技術創(chuàng)新行為的演化分析[D];山西大學;2009年

本文編號：1784858