本文選題：波普爾　切入點(diǎn)：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：科學(xué)哲學(xué)對(duì)西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。在卡爾·波普爾(Karl Popper)證偽主義科學(xué)哲學(xué)之前,影響西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論的主要是科學(xué)哲學(xué)中的邏輯實(shí)證主義。由于邏輯實(shí)證主義過分強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)驗(yàn)證實(shí)在區(qū)分科學(xué)與非科學(xué)之間的作用,對(duì)科學(xué)的定義過于嚴(yán)格,片面推崇歸納法,反對(duì)演繹法等等理論上的缺陷以及實(shí)踐上的困難導(dǎo)致了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)“科學(xué)”夢(mèng)想的幻滅。波普爾的證偽主義反對(duì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)歸納主義,推崇理性演繹主義,用否證論代替實(shí)證論,從對(duì)理論的外在辯護(hù)轉(zhuǎn)向內(nèi)在批判。這種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)思維方式的變革。證偽主義是波普爾在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的遺產(chǎn)。 波普爾證偽主義被哈奇森引入經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)之后,針對(duì)證偽主義方法論中證偽的是該是理論的前提還是預(yù)測(cè)的問題,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家弗里德曼與薩繆爾森展開了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論的操作主義和工具主義的大爭(zhēng)論。在爭(zhēng)論的風(fēng)波還未平息之時(shí),經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家又開始對(duì)證偽主義方法論進(jìn)行一定程度的批判,并實(shí)現(xiàn)了某種突破,由此證偽主義向歷史主義轉(zhuǎn)變。 波普爾證偽主義方法論具有合理性和進(jìn)步意義。它提供了一套比證實(shí)主義更加容易實(shí)施的方法論原則;它強(qiáng)調(diào)“不斷證偽”和“逼真度”,這與馬克思的方法論有一致之處;經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中存在證偽的例子,凸顯了證偽主義的實(shí)用意義;猜想和反駁的方法對(duì)我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)發(fā)展也具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 但是,證偽主義本身也存在理論缺陷�！岸藕恪蛎}”說明了經(jīng)驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn)理論的失敗,經(jīng)驗(yàn)本身無法提供可靠的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ),證偽主義的真理觀存在缺陷,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的證偽本身就并非易事。 最后,站在馬克思主義的立場(chǎng)上,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論進(jìn)行哲學(xué)反思,指出無論是證實(shí)主義還是證偽主義方法論都不是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的科學(xué)之路。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法的出路應(yīng)該是歸納和演繹,證實(shí)和證偽,邏輯與歷史,實(shí)證與規(guī)范的辯證統(tǒng)一。
[Abstract]:Philosophy of science has had a significant impact on the methodology of Western economics. Before Karl Popper's falsified philosophy of science, It is logical positivism in philosophy of science that influences the methodology of western economics. Because of the excessive emphasis on the role of experience in distinguishing between science and non-science, the definition of science is too strict. Opposition to deduction and other theoretical defects and practical difficulties have led to disillusionment of the dream of "science" in economics. Popper's falsification opposes empiricism, advocates rational deductionism, and replaces positivism with non-substantiation. From the external defense of theory to the internal criticism, this method has realized the transformation of the thinking mode of economics. Falsification is Popper's legacy in economics. After Popper's falsification was introduced into economics by Hutchison, the question of whether the falsification in the methodology of falsification should be a theoretical premise or a prediction was pointed out. The economist Friedman and Samuelson launched a great debate on the manipulation and instrumentalism of economic methodology. Before the controversy had subsided, economists began to criticize the methodology of falsification to a certain extent. And has realized some kind of breakthrough, thus the falsification doctrine changes to the historicism. Popper's methodology of falsification is of rationality and progressive significance. It provides a set of methodological principles that are easier to implement than confirmations, and emphasizes "constant falsification" and "fidelity", which are consistent with Marx's methodology. The existence of examples of falsification in economics highlights the practical significance of falsification, and the methods of conjecture and refutation are also of great practical significance to the development of economics in China. However, falsification itself also has theoretical defects. "Duheng-Quinn Proposition" illustrates the failure of empirical testing theory, experience itself can not provide a reliable knowledge base, and the true view of falsification is flawed. The falsification of economics itself is not easy. Finally, from the standpoint of Marxism, this paper makes a philosophical reflection on the methodology of economics, and points out that neither confirmationism nor falsification methodology is the scientific road of economics, and the outlet of economic method should be induction and deduction. Proof and falsification, logic and history, positive and normative dialectical unity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：F091.3;N02

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉瑜;馬克·布勞格經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法論思想研究[D];江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：1576303