發(fā)布時間：2018-02-04 04:44

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 碳交易 發(fā)電權(quán)交易 Cournot 減排水平 綠色證書交易　出處：《上海電力學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,二氧化碳等溫室氣體肆意排放引起的大氣污染問題已經(jīng)在世界范圍內(nèi)受到高度重視。碳交易機(jī)制是世界各國政府為控制大氣污染,應(yīng)對氣候變化問題提出的創(chuàng)新市場機(jī)制,并在世界范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛認(rèn)可。中國自2011開始探索建設(shè)碳交易試點(diǎn),如今全國性碳交易的開展勢在必行。發(fā)電權(quán)交易作為中國電力產(chǎn)業(yè)由計劃機(jī)制向市場機(jī)制的過渡,也是電力行業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排的有效手段。鑒于此,本文考慮碳排放交易機(jī)制下的發(fā)電權(quán)交易問題,研究要點(diǎn)包含以下三方面:(1)考慮將電力行業(yè)內(nèi)部的發(fā)電機(jī)組分為高排機(jī)組和低排機(jī)組兩類,針對具有不同碳排放系數(shù)的發(fā)電機(jī)組,構(gòu)建基于差異化配額分配策略的Cournot博弈模型,并給出其解析解,在此基礎(chǔ)上研究各種分配策略對機(jī)組發(fā)電情況及碳排放量的影響。分析結(jié)果表明,在高排機(jī)組嚴(yán)格配額分配的基礎(chǔ)上,對低排機(jī)組寬松的配額分配策略具有較強(qiáng)的減排激勵作用,能夠在減少碳排放量的同時更好的保護(hù)低排機(jī)組,促進(jìn)機(jī)組進(jìn)行低碳技術(shù)改造。(2)在碳交易政策下,提出兩種分成機(jī)制:增量利潤分享機(jī)制和減排成本分擔(dān)機(jī)制,并以發(fā)電權(quán)雙邊交易系統(tǒng)作為研究對象,建立以交易雙方凈收益最大為目標(biāo)的發(fā)電權(quán)交易模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上研究發(fā)電權(quán)受讓機(jī)組的最優(yōu)碳減排水平及交易雙方的利潤變化情況。分析結(jié)果表明,在兩種分成機(jī)制下,發(fā)電權(quán)受讓機(jī)組的最優(yōu)碳減排水平均不同程度的提高;交易雙方的利潤也都有所增加。(3)構(gòu)建發(fā)電權(quán)與碳排放權(quán)組合交易模型,并將綠色證書交易機(jī)制引入到組合交易模型,考慮發(fā)電權(quán)交易僅在系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的各發(fā)電企業(yè)進(jìn)行,建立以系統(tǒng)凈收益最大為目標(biāo)的組合交易模型。分析結(jié)果表明,計及綠色證書交易機(jī)制的發(fā)電權(quán)與碳排放權(quán)組合交易模型能夠更有效的提高發(fā)電權(quán)交易的效率,促進(jìn)發(fā)電企業(yè)參與發(fā)電權(quán)交易的積極性。另外,提出一種基于交易電量的增量利潤分配模型,該模型將進(jìn)一步激發(fā)各發(fā)電企業(yè)參與發(fā)電權(quán)交易的積極性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of atmospheric pollution caused by the wanton emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases has been attached great importance in the world. The carbon trading mechanism is to control air pollution by governments all over the world. Innovative market mechanisms to address climate change have been widely recognized around the world. China has been exploring the construction of carbon trading pilot projects since 2011. Nowadays, it is imperative to carry out national carbon trading. As a transition from planning mechanism to market mechanism, power right trading is also an effective means to realize energy saving and emission reduction in power industry. In this paper, the carbon emissions trading mechanism under the issue of power generation rights trading, the main points of the study includes the following three aspects: 1) consider the power industry within the generating units into two types of high-emission units and low-emission units. The Cournot game model based on differential quota allocation strategy is constructed for generating units with different carbon emission coefficients, and its analytical solution is given. On this basis, the effects of various allocation strategies on the generation situation and carbon emissions of units are studied. The results show that, on the basis of strict quota allocation of high emission units. The loose quota allocation strategy for low emission units has a strong incentive to reduce carbon emissions and better protect the low emission units at the same time. Promote the unit to carry out low-carbon technology transformation. (2) under the carbon trading policy, put forward two kinds of split mechanism: incremental profit sharing mechanism and emission reduction cost sharing mechanism, and take the power generation rights bilateral trading system as the research object. Based on the establishment of a power rights trading model which aims at the maximum net income of the trading parties, the optimal carbon emission reduction level of the generating rights transferee units and the variation of the profit of the two parties are studied. Under the two split mechanisms, the optimal carbon emission reduction level of generating rights transfer units is improved to varying degrees; The profits of both parties are also increased. 3) to build a combination trading model of generation rights and carbon emission rights, and to introduce the green certificate trading mechanism into the combination trading model. Considering that the transaction of generation right is only carried out in the power generation enterprises within the system, a combination transaction model is established, which aims at the maximum net income of the system. The analysis results show that. Considering the green certificate trading mechanism, the combined trading model of generation rights and carbon emission rights can improve the efficiency of power generation rights trading more effectively, and promote the enthusiasm of power generation enterprises to participate in power generation rights trading. An incremental profit distribution model based on transaction quantity is proposed, which will further stimulate the enthusiasm of power generation enterprises to participate in power right trading.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.61;X196

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