本文選題：國外農(nóng)村 + 社會養(yǎng)老保險　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：從社會養(yǎng)老保險的性質(zhì)及養(yǎng)老基金的籌集、管理、發(fā)放方式區(qū)分,國外農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度主要分為社會保險型養(yǎng)老保險制度、國家福利型養(yǎng)老保險制度、強制儲蓄型養(yǎng)老保險制度三大類型模式。這三種模式的差異實質(zhì)上是制度頂層設(shè)計的責(zé)任基礎(chǔ)與責(zé)任結(jié)構(gòu)的差異,即作為保障責(zé)任主體的政府、市場、個人三者間不同組合的責(zé)任分配方案的差異。 國家福利型社會養(yǎng)老保險制度主張養(yǎng)老保險的國家責(zé)任,政府直接介入農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度的建立、運行與調(diào)控,承擔(dān)農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險的完全責(zé)任,以一般稅收方式負(fù)責(zé)養(yǎng)老金的全部或絕大部分的供款,而個人所承擔(dān)的繳費責(zé)任非常�。簧鐣ｋU型社會養(yǎng)老保險制度倡導(dǎo)養(yǎng)老保險的責(zé)任共擔(dān),政府不直接承擔(dān)所有的供款和管理等責(zé)任,而是間接介入農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度的建立與運行,養(yǎng)老保險資金由政府、雇主、雇員三方共同分擔(dān)；強制儲蓄型社會保險制度主張養(yǎng)老保險的個人責(zé)任和市場化運作,政府只以調(diào)控的方式介入農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險,社會養(yǎng)老保險資金主要由雇主和雇員或由獨立勞動者個人繳費籌集,政府僅給予政策優(yōu)惠。 但在各國的農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度建設(shè)實踐中這種劃分并不是絕對和不可融合的,多數(shù)國家的農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度的建設(shè)大多采用了幾種制度模式,構(gòu)建了既有國家提供又有市場提供,既發(fā)揮個人能動性又促進社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的多支柱多層次的混合型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度。各國政府積極引入市場因素,弱化國家作用,政府責(zé)任承擔(dān)呈現(xiàn)“淡出”趨勢,即政府在農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度中的功能角色由提供養(yǎng)老保險福利向管理和促進私人養(yǎng)老保險計劃轉(zhuǎn)移,政府不直接承擔(dān)所有的供款和管理等責(zé)任,而是作為引導(dǎo)者通過調(diào)動雇主、個人、社會等多方面力量提供并維系農(nóng)村人口的養(yǎng)老保障；國家不完全放棄對農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險的管理,而以嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管市場運作方式行使政府責(zé)任。 從制度構(gòu)建與政府責(zé)任角度而言,國外農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度變遷的規(guī)律特征及可借鑒的國際經(jīng)驗主要為：盡管農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度的構(gòu)建與發(fā)展滯后于城鎮(zhèn),但發(fā)達國家的農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度大都得到適時推進；農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度建設(shè)政府責(zé)任目標(biāo)明確,且制度構(gòu)建立法先行；農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險資金籌集渠道多元,基本養(yǎng)老保障國家財政發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用；農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度構(gòu)建與農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整及國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展政策相聯(lián)系,促進了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率的提高及農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展；多支柱多層次的社會養(yǎng)老保險體系構(gòu)建成為國外農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度改革的取向…… 它山之石可以攻玉。本學(xué)位論文從社會養(yǎng)老保險制度模式機制選擇與政府責(zé)任承擔(dān)的視角考察國外三大類型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度的構(gòu)建與變遷,以啟示我國目前正在施行的新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度的改革實踐。 論文第一章簡單交代了論題研究的緣起及國內(nèi)外相關(guān)的研究動態(tài)及研究成果,并明確界定了與該論題研究相關(guān)的幾個基本概念。 第二章論述分析國外農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險制度構(gòu)建的相關(guān)理論。該章先論述了國外社會養(yǎng)老保險制度建立的社會結(jié)構(gòu)及制度文化等影響因素；然后闡述了社會養(yǎng)老保險制度構(gòu)建的理論淵源及共同影響著養(yǎng)老金制度演進和變遷的兩種力量——市場與政府的關(guān)系；之后較詳細(xì)地闡析了社會養(yǎng)老保險制度結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成要素及其制度模式選擇的路徑取向；最后簡單闡述了當(dāng)今世界三大類型的社會養(yǎng)老保險制度。 第三、四、五章分別選取了三大類型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度較有代表性的典型國家——英國、巴西、德國、日本、智利等國,分別對其農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度構(gòu)建與變遷進行較深入研究分析,并總結(jié)歸納出國外農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度建設(shè)發(fā)展演變的規(guī)律特征及可借鑒的經(jīng)驗。 第六章對我國新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險制度推廣實施過程中出現(xiàn)的問題及所面臨的困境進行了深入細(xì)致的分析,并借鑒國外農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗,提出了改革完善我國新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險制度的政策建議。
[Abstract]:From the nature of social endowment insurance and the distinction between pension fund raising, management and distribution, the foreign rural social endowment insurance system is mainly divided into three types: social insurance pension insurance system, state welfare pension insurance system and compulsory savings pension insurance system. The difference between these three modes is essentially the top of the system The difference between the responsibility base and the responsibility structure of the design is the difference of the responsibility distribution schemes between the three governments, the market and the individual.
The state welfare pension insurance system advocates the state responsibility of pension insurance. The government is directly involved in the establishment of the rural social endowment insurance system, the operation and regulation, the full responsibility of the rural social endowment insurance, the total or the vast portion of the pension by the general tax mode, and the responsibility for the contribution of the individual. The social insurance type social endowment insurance system advocates the burden of pension insurance, the government does not take all the responsibilities of funds and management directly, but is indirectly involved in the establishment and operation of the rural social endowment insurance system. The endowment insurance funds are shared by the government, the employers and the employees three parties; the compulsory savings social insurance system is used. It advocates the personal responsibility and market operation of pension insurance. The government intervenes in rural social endowment insurance only in the way of regulation and control. The funds of social endowment insurance are mainly raised by employers and employees or by individual workers, and the government gives preferential policies only.
However, in the construction practice of rural social endowment insurance system in various countries, this division is not absolutely and cannot be integrated. Most of the country's rural social endowment insurance system is mostly constructed by several institutional modes, which has established both the state and the market, which not only exerts individual initiative but also promotes social and economic development. The government actively introduces market factors and weakens the role of the country, and the government's responsibility assumes the "fade out" trend. That is, the government's functional role in the rural social endowment insurance system is transferred by providing pension insurance benefits to management and promoting private pension plan. Not directly responsible for all the contributions and management, but as a guide to provide and maintain the old-age security of the rural population by mobilizing employers, individuals and society and other forces; the state does not completely abandon the management of rural social endowment insurance, and exercise government responsibility by strictly supervising the operation of the market.
From the angle of system construction and government responsibility, the rule characteristics and international experience of the changes of rural social endowment insurance system in foreign countries are mainly as follows: Although the construction and development of the rural social endowment insurance system lags behind the cities and towns, the rural social endowment insurance system in the developed countries is mostly promoted in time; The old insurance system has a clear goal of building the government responsibility, and the system constructs the legislative advance; the rural social endowment insurance fund raising channel is pluralistic, the basic pension guarantees the national finance to play the leading role; the rural social endowment insurance system is connected with the agricultural structure adjustment and the national economic development policy, which promotes the agricultural production efficiency. The construction of multi pillar and multi-level social endowment insurance system has become the orientation of the reform of the rural social endowment insurance system in foreign countries.
This dissertation examines the construction and changes of the three major types of rural social endowment insurance system in foreign countries from the perspective of social endowment insurance system mode mechanism and the responsibility of government, in order to enlighten the reform practice of the new rural social endowment insurance system.
The first chapter of the paper briefly introduces the origin of the topic research, the related research trends at home and abroad, and the research results, and clearly defines several basic concepts related to the topic research.
The second chapter discusses the related theories of the construction of the rural old-age insurance system in foreign countries. This chapter discusses the social structure of the social endowment insurance system and the influence factors of the system culture, and then expounds the theoretical origin of the construction of the social endowment insurance system and the two forces that affect the evolution and change of the pension system together. The relationship between the market and the government; after a more detailed analysis of the structural elements of the social endowment insurance system and the path orientation of the choice of the system mode; finally, the three types of social endowment insurance system in the world are briefly expounded.
The third, fourth, the five chapter respectively selected three typical typical rural social endowment insurance system - Britain, Brazil, Germany, Japan, Chile and other countries, respectively, to analyze the construction and change of the rural social endowment insurance system, and summarize the development of the rural social endowment insurance system. The characteristics of the law of evolution and the experience that can be used for reference.
The sixth chapter makes a thorough and detailed analysis of the problems and difficulties faced by the promotion and implementation of the new rural old-age insurance system, and draws on the experience of the construction of the rural social endowment insurance system in foreign countries, and puts forward the policy suggestions for the reform and improvement of the new rural old-age insurance system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.67;F323.89

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 孫桂秋;;論農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度中的政府責(zé)任[J];北方經(jīng)濟;2007年05期

2 林義;西方國家養(yǎng)老保險的制度基礎(chǔ)[J];財經(jīng)科學(xué);1999年05期

3 鄧大松,劉昌平;受益年金化:養(yǎng)老金給付的有效形式[J];財經(jīng)科學(xué);2002年05期

4 劉昌平;謝婷;;財政補貼型新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度研究[J];東北大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2009年05期

5 柳清瑞;基于人口老齡化的日本養(yǎng)老金調(diào)整機制分析[J];東北亞論壇;2005年04期

6 陳星;;英國養(yǎng)老金制度發(fā)展演變及其啟示[J];中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2007年04期

7 彭德琳;;英美日社會福利安排的文化誘因與我國社會福利的和諧安排[J];湖北社會科學(xué);2007年11期

8 李世安;英國農(nóng)村剩余勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移問題的歷史考察[J];世界歷史;2005年02期

9 Chris Lewin,陳星;英國養(yǎng)老金的發(fā)展[J];經(jīng)濟導(dǎo)刊;2005年06期

10 羅賓·布萊克本,俞弘強;養(yǎng)老基金和責(zé)任積累:中國面臨的選擇[J];經(jīng)濟社會體制比較;2003年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 閆俊;中國新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

2 李升;新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險基金運作機制研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

3 畢紅霞;農(nóng)村社會保障的財政支持研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

4 華黎;新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度中政府財政支持研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2011年

5 王章華;中國新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2011年

6 趙燕妮;政府在農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度中的財政責(zé)任研究[D];山東大學(xué);2011年

7 考燕鳴;中國農(nóng)民社會養(yǎng)老保險公共財政支出水平研究[D];遼寧大學(xué);2011年

8 武瓊;英國養(yǎng)老金制度變遷中政府責(zé)任定位研究[D];河北大學(xué);2011年

9 郝金磊;基于區(qū)域差異的中國農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保障模式研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2011年

10 蔡霞;新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險理論與政策研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號：2113353