【摘要】：任意球和角球戰(zhàn)術早已成為現(xiàn)代足球比賽進攻中必不可少的重要手段,其攻守技戰(zhàn)術的發(fā)揮,是決定一場比賽幾個關鍵點之一,高效利用每一次任意球和角球機會,是高水平比賽中各球隊制勝的關鍵所在。本文運用錄像觀察法、文獻資料法、專家訪談發(fā)、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法、邏輯分析法等對第20屆世界杯足球賽決賽階段64場比賽中任意球和角球攻守技戰(zhàn)術運用情況進行統(tǒng)計分析。通過回放64場比賽錄像,分析統(tǒng)計任意球和角球在比賽中進攻與防守技戰(zhàn)術變化情況,針對統(tǒng)計指標及比賽實際運用情況,研究探討任意球和角球攻守技戰(zhàn)術變化規(guī)律,得出以下結論:1.第20屆世界杯任意球和角球的進球數(shù)占總進球數(shù)的20%,與任意球、角球有關的進球約占總進球數(shù)的1/3。任意球進球數(shù)創(chuàng)近5屆世界杯新低,角球進球明顯占據(jù)定位球得分的主體優(yōu)勢。2.近4屆世界杯任意球進球數(shù)逐屆減少,究其緣由:第一,戰(zhàn)術的擠壓,使得正對球門的前場任意球減少;第二,任意球大師逐漸稀缺;第三,高科技的介入,比賽用球本身材質的變化,使得罰任意球難度加大。3.第20屆世界杯在任意球和角球的技戰(zhàn)術運用與發(fā)揮上,歐美球隊的表現(xiàn)明顯要優(yōu)于其他大洲各隊的表現(xiàn),進球數(shù)占任意球、角球總進球數(shù)的2/3。4.第20屆世界杯任意球直接射門以弧線射門和大力射門方式為主,罰球區(qū)域主要在13區(qū)和14區(qū),射門腳法多采用腳背正面和腳背內(nèi)側罰出內(nèi)弧線和直線球,射向球門1區(qū)和3區(qū)最多。5.第20屆世界杯任意球間接配合主要在邊路及距離球門30米附近區(qū)域運用次數(shù)較多,以傳中搶點為主,一傳起高點罰向球門中路,多為內(nèi)弧線和直線,落點主要在3區(qū)、4區(qū)、5區(qū)和6區(qū),中路爭搶頭球射門。6.距離球門30米以內(nèi)的任意球防守必排人墻,排列人數(shù)為2到6人不等。其中3區(qū)、4區(qū)、5區(qū)、6區(qū)排列人數(shù)多為5到6人,7區(qū)、8區(qū)、9區(qū)、10區(qū)、13區(qū)和14區(qū)以3到5人為主。陡坡形和高度平均形排列運用次數(shù)較多,并且整體全力起跳防守效果較好。7.角球進球集中在比賽臨近結束時段,長傳角球主要罰向球門中路和后點,以內(nèi)弧線和外弧線為主,落點4區(qū)、5區(qū)、6區(qū)、7區(qū)、9區(qū)和10區(qū)。后衛(wèi)隊員爭搶第一點頭頂球是射門的主要形式。戰(zhàn)術角球以3到4次傳切配合形成射門及進球效果最佳。8.角球的防守中,前后門柱安排1到2名防守人員,起高球罰至禁區(qū)內(nèi)防守人數(shù)8到10人層次性整體緊貼防守效果最好。對于立體高點和要害空間的防守以多防一,針對性的集體防守為主。
[Abstract]:The tactics of free kick and corner kick have already become the essential and important means in the attack of modern football match. The play of attack and defense technique and tactics is one of the key points to decide a match, and make efficient use of every free kick and corner kick opportunity. It is the key to winning teams in high-level matches. In this paper, the methods of video observation, literature, expert interview, mathematical statistics and logic analysis are used to analyze the use of free-kick and corner kick in 64 matches in the final stage of the 20th World Cup. By playing back 64 game videos, this paper analyzes the changes of attack and defense techniques and tactics of free kick and corner kick in the match. According to the statistical index and the actual application of the match, this paper studies and discusses the change law of the free kick and corner kick attack and defense technique and tactics. Draw the following conclusion: 1. The number of free kicks and corners in the 20th World Cup accounted for 20 percent of the total, and the goals related to free kicks and corners accounted for about a third of the total. The number of free kicks reached a new low in the last five World Cups, and the corner kick scored clearly occupied the dominant advantage of the set kick score. The number of free kicks scored in the last four World Cups has been reduced one by one, and the reasons are as follows: first, the tactical squeezing has reduced the number of free-kicks in the front court; second, the number of free-kick masters has gradually become scarce; and third, the intervention of high technology, The match ball itself material changes, makes the penalty free kick difficult to increase. 3. In the 20th World Cup, the performance of European and American teams is obviously superior to that of other continental teams in the use and play of free kicks and corner kicks. The number of goals accounted for 2 / 3. 4% of the total number of free kicks and corner kicks. In the 20th World Cup, the free kick direct shot is mainly arc shot and strong shot, the free throw area is mainly in area 13 and 14, and the shooting foot method mostly uses the inside arc and straight ball from the front of the foot and the inner side of the back of the foot. Shots into goal area 1 and 3 up to .5. The 20th World Cup free kick indirectly cooperated mainly in the side road and the area near the goal 30 meters away, mainly in the center of the goal, most of which were inner arc and straight line. The landing point is mainly in 3, 4, 5, 5 and 6, with the middle road scrambling for a header shot. 6. Free-kick defense within 30 meters of the goal must be lined up, the number of people ranged from 2 to 6. Among them, 3 districts, 4 districts, 5 districts, 6 districts are mostly composed of 5 to 6 persons, 7 areas, 8 districts, 9 districts, 10 districts, 13 districts and 14 areas, mainly 3 to 5 people. The steep slope shape and the height average shape arrangement use many times, and the overall all-out take-off defense effect is better. 7. The goal of corner kick focused on the end of the game. The long pass corner was mainly penalized to the middle and back of the goal, the inner arc and the outer arc, and the landing point 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9 and 10, respectively. The main form of shooting is the defender's first nod. Tactical corner kick with 3 to 4 cross and cut to form the best shooting and scoring effect. 8. Corner of the defense, front and rear post arrangement of 1 to 2 defenders, from the high penalty to the penalty area defensive number of 8 to 10 people overall close to the defense effect is the best. For three-dimensional high point and key space defense to more defense, targeted collective defense.
【學位授予單位】：西安體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G843
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本文編號：2211628