對于重要建筑結構,其遭受爆炸沖擊相關的威脅與日俱增,因此,它們的安全性已成為目前研究的一個熱點。國內外學者一直致力于吸能結構的研究,用以保護建筑物免受爆炸荷載作用。盡管一些學者開展了針對結構抗爆的研究,但對于可放置在抗爆幕墻和結構承重構件之間的能量吸收節(jié)點的研究相對較少。在本文研究中,提出了能夠吸收爆炸能量并減小可傳遞到承載構件峰值力的能量吸收節(jié)點。這些空心或聚氨酯泡沫填充的能量吸收節(jié)點具有先進的幾何形狀。除了用于能量吸收之外,本文所提出的吸能構件還可應用到車輛碰撞中以提高車輛的耐撞性,并可有效提高乘客的安全性。首先,對節(jié)點開展準靜態(tài)壓縮試驗。利用顯式有限元程序LS-DYNA建立節(jié)點準靜態(tài)壓縮的數(shù)值模型。然后,開展針對節(jié)點的動態(tài)壓縮試驗研究。同樣,利用LS-DYNA程序建立模擬節(jié)點動態(tài)壓縮的數(shù)值模型。針對兩種壓縮情況,評估所設計節(jié)點的失效機理和能量吸收性能。結果表明,填充聚氨酯泡沫,增加折板的厚度,降低從折板頂部到折板彎折點的高度,可以改善節(jié)點的能量吸收性能。通過準靜態(tài)和動態(tài)壓縮的比較可以得出結論,動態(tài)壓縮(最大沖擊速度為13m/s)具有與準靜態(tài)壓縮相似的失效機制,但具有較高的能量吸收...

【文章頁數(shù)】：85 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract (In English)
Notations
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Literature review
        1.2.1 Traditional thin-walled empty energy absorption structures
        1.2.2 Geometric modification of the traditional thin-walled empty structures
        1.2.3 Foam-filled energy absorption structures
        1.2.4 Effects of the foam density
    1.3 Energy absorption parameters
    1.4 Aim and Objectives
Chapter 2 Mechanical properties of the materials
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Tensile test of mild steel samples
    2.3 Compression test of polyurethane foam samples
    2.4 Summary
Chapter 3 Quasi-static compression of the connectors
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Test specimens
    3.3 Experimental study
    3.4 Calculation of the energy absorption parameters
    3.5 Numerical study
        3.5.1 Model description
        3.5.2 Element formation and mesh-optimization
        3.5.3 Boundary, contact and quasi-static load conditions
        3.5.4 Material properties
        3.5.5 Validation of the numerical results
    3.6 Results and discussions
        3.6.1 Failure mechanism
        3.6.2 Force-displacement curves
        3.6.3 Effects of the polyurethane foam
        3.6.4 Effects of thickness of the armed plates
        3.6.5 Effects of the height ht
    3.7 Summary
Chapter 4 Dynamic compression of the connectors
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Test specimens
    4.3 Numerical study
        4.3.1 Model description
        4.3.2 Element formation and mesh-optimization
        4.3.3 Boundary, contact and dynamic load conditions
        4.3.4 Material properties
    4.4 Experimental study
    4.5 Calculation of the energy absorption parameters
    4.6 Validation of the numerical results
    4.7 Results and discussions
        4.7.1 Failure mechanism and force-displacement curves
        4.7.2 Effects of the polyurethane foam
        4.7.3 Effects of the height ht
        4.7.4 Comparison with the quasi-static compression
    4.8 Summary
結論
Conclusions
Limitations of the study
References
List of publications
Acknowledgement
Resume



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