出口引導設置對人員疏散效率影響的研究
[Abstract]:In large public places, the frequent occurrence of trampling accidents due to the high personnel density has become a typical public safety problem, and the study of the law of evacuation of large-density people is urgent. This paper uses the combination of experiment and simulation to study the influence of the setting of the exit guide on the evacuation of the population, so as to propose the corresponding rail optimization scheme and improve the evacuation efficiency of the high-density people. The study of the law about the length of the boundary rail, the guiding angle of the guide rail and the setting of the dividing rail are respectively expanded. In this paper, a small-ball particle flow with similar dynamic characteristics with the high-density population is used to carry out the experiment, and the EDEM simulation is used for the regular inquiry, and the Pathfinder's large-density population is used for evacuation scene verification, so as to obtain a general rule and a reliable balustrade optimization scheme for the effect of the balustrade on the evacuation of the population. The main conclusions are as follows:1. The length of the boundary balustrade has no obvious influence on the evacuation efficiency; the angle of the drainage angle will have a significant effect on the evacuation efficiency, and the evacuation time is exponentially decreasing with the increase of the drainage angle, and the evacuation efficiency of 15 擄 shall be increased by 2% for each lifting angle; The setting of the dividing rail will have a negative impact on the evacuation, and the evacuation efficiency decreases with the increase of the number of the dividing rails, and the proper increase of the length of the dividing rail is favorable to the mitigation of the adverse effect, and there is an effective length of the dividing rail, which is about 120% of the length of the boundary balustrade. A two-point reliable railing optimization scheme is proposed: (1) Guiding the railing optimization scheme: adding or changing a guide rail at an acute angle of less than 50 & deg; at the entrance of the boundary balustrade, and the boundary condition at the "funnel" outlet. (2) separating the railing optimization scheme: in the crowd evacuation scene with the separated balustrades, the length of the dividing rail is appropriately increased, and the high-density flow of people is divided in advance.
【學位授予單位】:中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TU998.1
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