發(fā)布時間：2019-05-29 14:52

【摘要】：近年來,高層建筑的快速發(fā)展促進(jìn)了人們對垂直交通與運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的研究。針對以電梯為代表的傳統(tǒng)垂直輸送設(shè)備所存在的限制,本文提出了一種高效垂直輸運(yùn)裝置,具有更高的工作效率和更小的空間占用,或是高層建筑垂直交通與運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的一種潛在的解決方案。本文在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上,初步分析了該高效垂直輸運(yùn)裝置力學(xué)性能特性,通過CAE技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法,研究了危險(xiǎn)工況下裝置主要性能指標(biāo),并對其主要受力部件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)研究。首先,闡明了該高效垂直輸運(yùn)裝置基本原理,從理論力學(xué)的角度結(jié)合現(xiàn)有鏈傳動張力公式,初步研究了該裝置載荷特點(diǎn)及分布規(guī)律,作為后續(xù)有限元分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。研究認(rèn)為:最大張力主要由鏈條自重和外界負(fù)載所產(chǎn)生的鏈條靜張力構(gòu)成;外界負(fù)載不變的情況下,載荷分布受鏈條自重大小影響,整體上呈內(nèi)側(cè)受力大外側(cè)受力小。借助ANSYS軟件對初始模型(以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)傳動鏈CHE80放大50倍)進(jìn)行有限元數(shù)值模擬,分析結(jié)果表明:在軸孔鉸接部分存在應(yīng)力集中,最大應(yīng)力達(dá)到237MPa,鏈條自重是載荷的最主要的部分;變形量為0.1276%,由于載荷分布不均整體呈向外彎曲的趨勢;大部分材料的承載性能并未得到充分利用,存在很大的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)空間�；趦�(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)理論完成高效垂直輸運(yùn)裝置結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的確定。首先進(jìn)行采樣,研究了不同放大倍數(shù)下裝置最大應(yīng)力和變形量,并對比各個部件間的差異;其次,根據(jù)尺寸、載荷、應(yīng)力、變形等隨放大倍數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,建立了一種基于ANSYS設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化模塊的傳動鏈放大倍數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方案。優(yōu)化結(jié)果顯示:基于CHE80放大19.5倍作為尺寸設(shè)計(jì)的參考最為合適;根據(jù)優(yōu)化后的載荷分布特點(diǎn)提出優(yōu)化后模型設(shè)計(jì)方案,裝置自重大幅下降了86.27%;最大應(yīng)力控制在292MPa,最大變形量小于等于0.105%;鏈條向外彎曲的趨勢得以有效地抑制。最后,對于主要受力部件進(jìn)行了拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化以進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)的輕量化。為方便優(yōu)化的進(jìn)行,首先研究了各個部件具體的面載荷分布函數(shù),運(yùn)用數(shù)學(xué)工具對采樣數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)擬合獲得了接觸壓力空間分布函數(shù);基于ANSYS拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化模塊分別對外鏈板和內(nèi)鏈節(jié)進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化。優(yōu)化結(jié)果顯示:外鏈板和內(nèi)鏈節(jié)及整體質(zhì)量分別減少了12.95%、10.46%和8.81%;主要性能參數(shù)保持穩(wěn)定,低效單元數(shù)顯著減少,材料利用率明顯提高。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of high-rise buildings has promoted the research of vertical traffic and transportation system. In view of the limitations of the traditional vertical transportation equipment represented by elevators, an efficient vertical transport device is proposed in this paper, which has higher working efficiency and smaller space occupation. Or a potential solution for vertical traffic and transportation systems in high-rise buildings. On the basis of structural design, the mechanical properties of the high efficiency vertical transport device are preliminarily analyzed in this paper. Through CAE technology and modern optimization design method, the main performance indexes of the device under dangerous conditions are studied. The optimization design of its main stress components is studied. Firstly, the basic principle of the high efficiency vertical transport device is expounded, and the load characteristics and distribution law of the device are preliminarily studied from the point of view of theoretical mechanics combined with the existing chain transmission tension formula, which can be used as the basis for subsequent finite element analysis and optimization design. It is considered that the maximum tension is mainly composed of the static tension of the chain caused by the weight of the chain and the external load, and the load distribution is affected by the weight of the chain under the same external load, and the force on the inside is small on the whole. The finite element numerical simulation of the initial model (50 times magnified by standard transmission chain CHE80) is carried out with the help of ANSYS software. The analysis results show that there is stress concentration in the hinged part of the shaft hole, the maximum stress reaches 237 MPA, and the self-weight of the chain is the most important part of the load. The deformation is 0.1276%, and the load distribution is uneven, and the bearing capacity of most materials is not fully utilized, so there is a lot of optimization design space. Based on the optimization design theory, the structural size of the high efficiency vertical transport device is determined. Firstly, the maximum stress and deformation of the device under different magnification are studied, and the differences among the components are compared. Secondly, according to the variation of size, load, stress and deformation with magnification, an optimal design scheme of transmission chain magnification based on ANSYS design optimization module is established. The optimization results show that 19.5 times magnification based on CHE80 is the most suitable reference for size design, and the optimized model design scheme is put forward according to the optimized load distribution characteristics, and the self-weight of the device is greatly reduced by 86.27%. The maximum stress is controlled at 292 MPA and the maximum deformation is less than or equal to 0.105%. The outward bending trend of the chain can be effectively suppressed. Finally, the topology optimization of the main stress components is carried out to further realize the lightweight of the structure. In order to facilitate the optimization, the specific surface load distribution function of each component is studied, and the contact pressure spatial distribution function is obtained by using mathematical tools to fit the sampled data. Based on the ANSYS topology optimization module, the external chain board and the inner link are optimized respectively. The optimization results show that the quality of outer chain plate, inner chain joint and the whole mass are reduced by 12.95%, 10.46% and 8.81%, respectively, the main performance parameters remain stable, the number of inefficient units is significantly reduced, and the material utilization ratio is obviously improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU976.3

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