【摘要】：全球經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展加快了各國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展進程,致使高層建筑越來越多,電梯運行高度不斷的提高,系統(tǒng)對外界的激勵會變得非常敏感,異常振動更容易發(fā)生,強烈的振動還可能引發(fā)安全事故,所以對電梯振動進行分析和研究顯得十分重要。本論文以曳引電梯為研究對象,以降低電梯在運行過程中產(chǎn)生的垂直和水平方向的振動為主要目的,采用理論研究、計算機仿真和實驗三者相結(jié)合的研究方法對1:1曳引電梯的振的情況進行分析。本文研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,通過對1:1曳引式電梯提升系統(tǒng)進行合理的簡化,建立電梯提升系統(tǒng)垂直方向上的6自由度的動力學(xué)模型,并得到了動力學(xué)方程。以此為基礎(chǔ),求解系統(tǒng)固有頻率,并分析電梯在運行狀態(tài)參數(shù)和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)發(fā)生變化時,系統(tǒng)固有頻率的變化規(guī)律,提出減小振動的方法,通過仿真驗證了其減振效果,最后對電梯系統(tǒng)在偏心激勵作用下轎廂的振動加速度響應(yīng)作詳細分析。其次,通過對系統(tǒng)的等效和簡化處理得到水平方向上的4自由度動力學(xué)模型,利用牛頓第二定律建立了動力學(xué)方程。以此為基礎(chǔ),求解系統(tǒng)固有頻率,并從轎廂載荷量、導(dǎo)靴剛度和轎廂四周支撐橡膠剛度三個方面分析它們對電梯提升系統(tǒng)水平固有頻率的影響,據(jù)此提出通過增大導(dǎo)靴的剛度和阻尼減小振動的方法,通過仿真驗證了其減振效果,最后針對電梯提升系統(tǒng)在三種導(dǎo)軌不平順激勵下引起的電梯水平方向的振動響應(yīng)進行分析,得出三種不平順度形式對轎廂水平振動響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律。最后,對系統(tǒng)在曳引機存在偏心激勵時,運用EVA-625電梯專用振動測試儀對電梯運行過程中的振動情況進行測試,并與仿真結(jié)果對比,驗證理論模型的正確性。
[Abstract]:The development of the global economy has accelerated the economic development process of various countries. As a result, more and more high-rise buildings have been built, and the elevators' operating heights have been continuously raised. The system will become very sensitive to the external incentives, and abnormal vibration will occur more easily. Strong vibration may also lead to safety accidents, so it is very important to analyze and study elevator vibration. The main purpose of this paper is to reduce the vertical and horizontal vibration of the elevator in the course of operation, and to adopt the theoretical research, which takes the traction elevator as the research object, and the main purpose of this paper is to reduce the vertical and horizontal vibration of the elevator. The vibration of 1:1 traction elevator is analyzed by computer simulation and experiment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, through the reasonable simplification of the 1:1 traction elevator lift system, the dynamic model of 6 degrees of freedom in the vertical direction of the elevator hoisting system is established, and the dynamic equation is obtained. On this basis, the natural frequency of the system is solved, and the variation law of the natural frequency of the system is analyzed when the operating state parameters and the structural parameters of the elevator change, and the method of reducing the vibration is put forward, and the effect of the vibration reduction is verified by simulation. Finally, the vibration acceleration response of elevator system under eccentric excitation is analyzed in detail. Secondly, through the equivalent and simplified treatment of the system, the dynamic model of four degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction is obtained, and the dynamic equation is established by using Newton's second law. On this basis, the natural frequency of the system is solved, and the influence of the system natural frequency on the horizontal natural frequency of elevator hoisting system is analyzed from three aspects: the load quantity of the car, the stiffness of the guide boot and the rubber stiffness of the surrounding bracing of the car. Based on this, a method of reducing vibration by increasing stiffness and damping of guide boots is put forward, and its damping effect is verified by simulation. Finally, the vibration response of elevator horizontal direction caused by three kinds of guideway irregularity excitation is analyzed. The influence of three irregularity forms on the horizontal vibration response of the car is obtained. Finally, when the traction machine has eccentric excitation, the vibration of the elevator is tested by EVA-625 special vibration tester, and the simulation results are compared to verify the correctness of the theoretical model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU857

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本文編號：2414161